scholarly journals A-174 Language Impairments Following Subcortical Infarct: An Aphasia Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-968
Author(s):  
Schultz E ◽  
Churchill R ◽  
Malina A
Keyword(s):  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Acute Infarct ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Command Following ◽  
Verbal Output ◽  
Subcortical Infarct

Abstract Objective Subcortical aphasia associated with internal capsule and adjacent structure lesions often involve impaired naming, grammatical but slow dysarthric speech, impaired syntactic comprehension, repetition impairments, and apraxia. Furthermore, neuropsychiatric disturbances, such as diminished motivation and emotional dysregulation are additionally expected given connections to frontal lobe circuits. Overall, the type and severity of aphasia varies following subcortical stroke and the pattern of symptoms associated with subcortical aphasia have not been fully explored. Method The present case is a 34-year-old right-handed African-American female who sustained an acute infarct involving the left splenium, thalamus, and internal capsule, who was evaluated at bedside. Results Upon initial exam, the patient was aphasic, exhibiting difficulties with expression, fluctuating comprehension and frequent paraphasic errors. Repetition and single-step command following were impaired and apraxia was evident. She demonstrated poor insight and awareness into her current deficits. She additionally demonstrated low motivation and mild emotional dysregulation with heightened anxiety and depression. During recovery she demonstrated improved comprehension, verbal output, and reduced emotionality. Conclusions Consistent with previous studies, this case demonstrates the extreme variability of subcortical lesions in their aphasic manifestations and may suggest that subcortical aphasias are generally milder than that of cortical aphasias with generally faster symptom recovery.

Concurrent Treatment of Intimate Partner Violence and Trichotillomania From an Emotion Regulation Framework: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 153465012096458
Author(s):  
Jena B. Casas ◽  
Daniel R. Szoke ◽  
Lorraine T. Benuto
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Concurrent Treatment

Survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) experience a vast array of emotional and behavioral consequences, including difficulties in areas related to emotion regulation, and they often qualify for comorbid psychological diagnoses. Although a modified version of DBT has been examined as a treatment for survivors of IPV experiencing emotional dysregulation, there has been little mention of how to treat comorbid disorders among this population. Given that body focused repetitive behaviors (BFRB’s), such as trichotillomania, can be conceptualized as poor coping mechanisms to soothe dysregulated emotions, it seems beneficial to understand how to treat these diagnoses in the context of IPV sequelae. To date, there are limited examinations of DBT enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy for those suffering from IPV exposure and trichotillomania. The following case provides a successful example for how and why such therapy can be conducted for the treatment of comorbid diagnoses following IPV exposure.

Position-taking

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Stanghellini
Keyword(s):  
External Influence ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Plausible Answer ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

This chapter argues that the extreme variability of schizophrenic phenotypes is a paradigmatic case study for explicating the dialectics between uncanny feelings of depersonalization/derealization and the attitude of the person who experiences them. Why do persons who suffer from these kinds of anomalous self-, body-, and world-experiences develop either a delusional form of schizophrenia or a ‘pauci-symptomatic’ type of this illness, or a schizotypal personality disorder? Why do delusions in people with schizophrenia take on so many different themes, and not only ontological ones, but also, for example, persecutory, hypochondriac, of reference, of agnition (filiation), external influence, etc.? If we subscribe to the ‘one root–many branches’ conceptualization of the manifold of schizophrenia, then we must be able to explain why, arising from the common root of self-disorders, schizophrenic phenotypes take on so many different features. A plausible answer is that self-disorder, being at the core of the vulnerability to schizophrenia, is refracted through the prism of the person’s background of values and beliefs that determine what things and events in the world mean for them. This personal background is a pre-reflective context of meaning and significance within which and against which persons understand themselves, others, and their world.

scholarly journals Number Processing Dissociations: Evidence from a Case of Dyscalculia

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Cuetos ◽  
Graciela Miera
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Number Processing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Numerical Processing ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Tests ◽  
Aphasic Patient ◽  
Tentative Explanation ◽  
Verbal Output

In this case study of an aphasic patient with difficulties in numerical processing, the patient responded to a series of linguistic and numerical tasks designed to assess efficiency levels in processing various linguistic components. In addition, the patient completed a series of transcoding tasks that were directed at isolating whether the problems were associated primarily with arabic numerals or with other modalities (spoken or written). Data were analyzed using chi-square goodness-of-fit tests. Statistically significant differences were obtained between spoken verbal and written verbal outputs and between arabic and spoken verbal outputs. Based upon an analysis of errors, it was tentatively concluded that the disorders were associated with two types of dissociation operating together, one between spoken verbal and written verbal outputs at the syntactical level and the other between lexical and syntactical components in the spoken verbal output. A revised model is proposed to provide a tentative explanation for these observations.

Isolated motor neglect following infarction of the posterior limb of the right internal capsule: a case study with diffusion tensor imaging-based tractography

2011 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuttachai Likitjaroen ◽  
Nijasri C. Suwanwela ◽  
Alex J. Mitchell ◽  
Sukalaya Lerdlum ◽  
Kammant Phanthumchinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Motor Neglect ◽  
The Right

Predictive assessment of single‐step BLUP with linear and non‐linear similarity RKHS kernels: A case study in chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Momen ◽  
Andreas Kranis ◽  
Guilherme J. M. Rosa ◽  
Peter Muir ◽  
Daniel Gianola
Keyword(s):  
Single Step ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Predictive Assessment

Geomechanical Implications of Reservoir Depletion vis-à-vis Post-Blowout Well Capping: A Gulf of Mexico Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Michael
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Fracture Initiation ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Well Control ◽  
Wellbore Pressure

Abstract Reservoir depletion can impose major implications on wellbore integrity following blowouts. A loss-of-well-control event can lead to prolonged post-blowout discharge from the wellbore causing considerable reservoir depletion in a well's drainage area. Fractures initiated and propagated during well capping procedures following an offshore blowout can lead to reservoir hydrocarbons broaching the seafloor. In this paper, reservoir depletion is examined for a case study on actual deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GoM) parameters, evaluating analytically its impacts on in-situ reservoir conditions, hence assessing the likelihood of longitudinal or transverse fracture initiation during post-blowout well capping. The reservoir rock is modeled as a porous-permeable medium, considering fluid infiltration from the pressurized wellbore. A novel analytical workflow is presented, which encompasses the major effects of reservoir depletion on the (i) in-situ stress state, (ii) range of in-situ stress states stable against shear fault slippage, and (iii) limits of tensile fracture initiation. The geomechanical implications of each individual effect on post-blowout well capping is discussed with the individual results illustrated and analyzed altogether on dimensionless plots. These plots are useful for engineers when making contingency plans for dealing with loss-of-well-control situations. The workflow is demonstrated on a case study on parameters taken from the M56 reservoir, where the April 20, 2010 blowout took place at the MC 252-1 "Macondo" well. A smaller post-blowout discharge flowrate is shown to increase the shut-in wellbore pressure build-up at any given time-point following well capping, whereas an increased post-blowout discharge period leads to a lower shut-in wellbore pressure build-up, hence reducing the likelihood of a fracture initiation scenario and vice versa. Assuming a robust wellbore architecture, the most likely location of fracture initiation is the top of the M56 reservoir within the openhole section of the Macondo well. The critical discharge flowrate, an established indicator for fracture initiation during well capping using information from the post-blowout discharge stage is employed, pointing that fracture initiation is highly-unlikely for the assessed parameters. Nevertheless, fracture initation during post-blowout well capping remains a real possibility in the overpressurized, stacked sequences of the GoM. Finally, the model is extended to an "incremental"/multi-step capping stack shut-in imposed over a longer time-period (e.g. 1 day than abruptly over a single-step) to suppress the wellbore pressure build-up, if necessary to avoid fracture initiation.

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