scholarly journals Potential Impact of Meat Replacers on Health and Environmental Sustainability in European Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
Elly Mertens ◽  
Sander Biesbroek ◽  
Marcela Dofkova ◽  
Lorenza Mistura ◽  
Laura D'Addezio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Project Agreement

Abstract Objectives Replacing meat by meat replacers could be an important strategy for achieving a more plant-based diet, however their current consumption is rather limited. The present modelling study therefore aimed to elucidate the role of meat replaces in healthier and more environmentally sustainable diets. Methods Using the observed diets from Denmark, Czech Republic, Italy and France (∼6500 adults), we created for each individual a replacement diets by replacing all the meat of the observed diet (in grams) by meat replacers. Starting from the observed diets and meat-replacement diets, diets with improved adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were modeled using Data Envelopment analysis. These improved diets were then optimized for dietary preferences (Max P, diet similarity index), nutrient quality (Max H, Nutrient Rich Diet (NRD15.3)) or environmental sustainability (Max S, diet-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE)). Results In all modeled diets, for both men and women, the amount of meat was lower than in the observed diets, in particular around 30% lower in the Max P, 50% lower in the Max H, and 75% lower in the Max S diets. Moreover, when using fortified meat replacers, the amount of meat in the scenarios of Max P, Max H and Max S was lower than in the same scenarios without fortification. In the Max P diet, NRD15.3 was ∼6% higher, GHGE was ∼9% lower, and ∼83% of food intake remained similar. In the Max H diet, NRD15.3 was ∼17% higher, GHGE was ∼15% lower, and ∼66% of food intake remained similar. In the Max S diet, NRD15.3 was ∼9% higher, GHGE was ∼33% lower, and ∼65% of food intake remained similar. Conclusions Guided by FBDGs to improve diets, adopting meat replacers holds potential to achieve additional benefits on the environment, without necessarily compromising nutrient quality. Funding Sources This work was supported by TiFN under Project Agreement number 15SD01 (SHARP-BASIC).

scholarly journals Potential Impact of Meat Replacers on Nutrient Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Diets in Four European Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6838
Author(s):  
Elly Mertens ◽  
Sander Biesbroek ◽  
Marcela Dofková ◽  
Lorenza Mistura ◽  
Laura D’Addezio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Using Data

Meat replacers could play a role in achieving more plant-based diets, but their current consumption is limited. The present modelling study aimed to explore the nutritional and greenhouse gas emissions impacts of meat replacers. Using dietary surveys from Denmark, Czech Republic, Italy and France (~6500 adults), we composed alternative diets in which all the meat in the observed diet (in grams) was substituted by similar use meat replacers (with and without fortification). Starting from the observed diets and meat-replacement diets, diets with improved adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were modelled using Data Envelopment Analysis. These improved diets were then further optimised for dietary preferences (MaxP, diet similarity index), nutrient quality (MaxH, Nutrient Rich Diet score, NRD15.3) or diet-related greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) (MaxS, CO2 equivalents). In all optimised modelled diets, the total amount of meat was lower than in the observed diets, i.e., 30% lower in the MaxP, 50% lower in the MaxH, and 75% lower in the MaxS diets. In the MaxP diet, NRD15.3 was ~6% higher, GHGE was ~9% lower, and ~83% of food intake remained similar. In the MaxH diet, NRD15.3 was ~17% higher, GHGE was ~15% lower, and ~66% of food intake remained similar. In the MaxS diet, NRD15.3 was ~9% higher, GHGE was ~33% lower, and ~65% of food intake remained similar. When using fortified meat replacers, for all modelled diets, the diet similarity was on average 2% lower and the GHGE reduction was on average 3% higher as compared with the same scenarios without fortification. This analysis showed that meat replacers, provided their preference is similar to meat, can provide benefits for GHGE, without necessarily compromising nutrient quality.

scholarly journals Improving health and carbon footprints of European diets using a benchmarking approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Elly Mertens ◽  
Anneleen Kuijsten ◽  
Argyris Kanellopoulos ◽  
Marcela Dofková ◽  
Lorenza Mistura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Dietary Preferences

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to identify diets with improved nutrient quality and environmental impact within the boundaries of dietary practices. Design: We used Data Envelopment Analysis to benchmark diets for improved adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). We then optimised these diets for dietary preferences, nutrient quality and environmental impact. Diets were evaluated using the Nutrient Rich Diet score (NRD15.3), diet-related greenhouse gas emission (GHGE) and a diet similarity index that quantified the proportion of food intake that remained similar as compared with the observed diet. Setting: National dietary surveys of four European countries (Denmark, Czech Republic, Italy and France). Subjects: Approximately 6500 adults, aged 18–64 years. Results: When dietary preferences were prioritised, NRD15·3 was ~6 % higher, GHGE was ~4 % lower and ~85 % of food intake remained similar. This diet had higher amounts of fruit, vegetables and whole grains than the observed diet. When nutrient quality was prioritised, NRD15·3 was ~16 % higher, GHGE was ~3 % lower and ~72 % of food intake remained similar. This diet had higher amounts of legumes and fish and lower amounts of sweetened and alcoholic beverages. Finally, when environmental impact was prioritised, NRD15·3 was ~9 % higher, GHGE was ~21 % lower and ~73 % of food intake remained similar. In this diet, red and processed meat partly shifted to either eggs, poultry, fish or dairy. Conclusions: Benchmark modelling can generate diets with improved adherence to FBDG within the boundaries of dietary practices, but fully maximising health and minimising GHGE cannot be achieved simultaneously.

scholarly journals Differences in Dairy Intake Among Americans by Ethnicity and Age: NHANES 2015–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1042-1042
Author(s):  
Julie Hess ◽  
Christopher Cifelli ◽  
Victor III Fulgoni
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
Dairy Intake ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Objectives Consuming dairy foods helps Americans meet recommendations for calcium, vitamin A, vitamin D, and protein. The Healthy U.S.-Style Dietary Pattern in the 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommends 3 daily servings of low-fat or fat-free milk, cheese, and yogurt for those 9 years and older, 2.5 servings for children 4–8 years and 2 servings for children 2–3 years. The objective of this study was to assess dairy consumption by Americans 2 years of age and older to identify population groups at higher risk for underconsumption. Methods Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2016 and 2017–2018, we evaluated the daily intake of total dairy foods, milk (total, white, flavored), cheese (total and cottage cheese separately), yogurt (regular and Greek), and milk substitutes (soy, rice, almond and others) by Americans, separating into groups by age (2 + years, 2–4 years, 4–8 years, 9–13 years, 14–18 years, 19 + years) and ethnicity (Asian, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White). Dairy serving amounts were defined as MyPlate serving size cup-equivalents. Results Regardless of age or ethnicity, Americans did not meet the DGA's dairy intake recommendations. Average total daily dairy intake for Americans ages 2 + was 1.57 ± 0.03 cup-equivalents, with 0.73 servings coming from milk and 0.73 from cheese. Children ages 2–4 and 4–8 years came the closest to meeting recommendations, consuming an average of 1.93 ± 0.06 and 1.93 ± 0.05 servings, respectively, of dairy foods daily. Intake fell to 1.83 ± 0.06 daily servings among children ages 9–13, more than 30% below the recommendation that children begin consuming 3 daily servings at age 9. Daily dairy intake continued to decrease among those 14–18 years (1.75 ± 0.07 servings) and among adults 19+ (1.48 ± 0.03 servings). Among those ages 2 and older, non-Hispanic Black Americans had the lowest average intake (1.18 ± 0.04 servings daily) and non-Hispanic White Americans (1.67 ± 0.03) had the highest. Across all ethnic groups, plain milk was consumed in greater quantities than any other dairy food. Conclusions Both age and ethnic disparities exist in dairy intake for Americans. Improving adherence to dairy recommendations from the DGA could help Americans move closer to nutrient recommendations and overall healthy dietary patterns. Funding Sources National Dairy Council.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of the readiness of consumers to adopt an environmentally sustainable diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Culliford ◽  
Jane Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Sustainable Diet ◽  
Readiness To Adopt ◽  
Organic Produce

Abstract Background The current food system is responsible for significant environmental damage therefore, encouraging consumers to adopt an environmentally sustainable diet is a key public health challenge. Dietary guidelines have been developed that outline recommendations for purchasing and consuming food in an environmentally sustainable manner, but they have not yet been incorporated in UK national dietary guidelines. Methods Via an online survey of UK adults, we evaluated consumers’ perceptions of the environmental benefit of various sustainable diet recommendations, their readiness to adopt these behaviours using the stage of change construct of the Transtheoretical Model, the factors that influenced their food choices, and their current consumption of plant- and animal-based sources of protein. Additionally, we investigated how demographic characteristics and food choice motives were associated with perceived environmental benefit of and readiness to adopt these sustainable diet recommendations. Results The survey was completed by 442 participants (66% female, 80% aged 25–54 years, 85% with higher education). The majority of participants considered the recommendations to ‘reduce consumption of air-freighted foods’ (79%), ‘reduce food waste’ (75%), and ‘buy locally grown produce’ (78%) to have a high environmental benefit, whereas a smaller proportion of participants perceived ‘prioritise plant-based proteins’ (42%) and ‘choose organic produce’ (27%) to have a high environmental benefit. Differences in perceptions and readiness to adopt sustainable dietary behaviours were observed between demographic groups, with women significantly more likely than men to be in action/maintenance (A/M) stages of change for prioritising plant proteins (OR 0.54), and younger participants more likely to be in pre-contemplation/contemplation (PC/C) stages of change for ‘choose organic produce’ (OR 2.03) and ‘choose sustainable fish’ (OR 2.45). Health, cost, environmental sustainability and taste were the most commonly reported food choice motives. Reporting environmental sustainability as a food choice motive was associated with readiness to adopt sustainable diet recommendations. Conclusions We found that consumers in the UK are engaged with some aspects of sustainable diets but remain resistant to others. The results of this study indicate that acceptable dietary guidelines could be developed to address environmental sustainability. Several behaviours were identified that consumers were willing to adopt, but there were barriers preventing them, highlighting that policy action is required to enable behaviour change to occur. Differences between demographic groups highlight potential targets for future campaigns promoting sustainable diets.

scholarly journals Adequate Intake of Docosahexaenoic Acid for Adults: NHANES 2015–2016 (P18-032-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayven Brault ◽  
Derek Miketinas
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
Dietary Guidelines For Americans ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives The Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015–2020 recommend adults consume 250 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)daily, or the equivalent of 8 ounces of seafood/week. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of adequate intake of docosahexaenoic acid using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015–2016. Methods Data were obtained from the 2015–2016 version of the NHANES. Mean intake of DHA was estimated using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method. Covariates included: sex, age, ethnicity, energy intake, and total fat intake. Cut-off values for adequate intake included: 125 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg. Results Mean DHA intake for the total sample of adults (n = 5854) was 6.68 mg. Of the total sample, 12.3%, 4.0%, and 1.2% met the 125 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg cut-off values for adequate intake of DHA, respectively. Conclusions These results indicate a high prevalence of suboptimal intake of DHA for adults. Only 12.3% adults meet half the recommended intake (125 mg) for EPA and DHA combined through DHA consumption. Less than 1.2% consumed enough DHA (300 mg) to satisfy the overall needs for both EPA and DHA. Funding Sources No funding sources to declare.

The Existence of Geothermal Energy in Communication Perspective and Sustainable Environment in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Indriyati Kamil ◽  
Oekan S Abdoellah ◽  
Herlina Agustin ◽  
Iriana Bakti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Communication Models ◽  
The Government

This article highlights the dynamics of geothermal energy in the Kamojang nature reserve in Indonesia. A nature reserve is a conservation area that must be protected and preserved, because it has unique flora and fauna, and rare ecosystems whose existence is threatened with extinction. After going through a long study process by an integrated team, the government finally made a policy to change the function of the nature reserve into a Nature Tourism Park. Changes in policy changes to the function of nature reserves cause pros and cons in the community, and cause conflicts between government and environmental activists. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause changes in the function of nature reserves into natural tourism parks in the Kamojang conservation area of Indonesia, as well as to identify appropriate communication models in the management of geothermal energy through communication and environmentally sustainable approaches. Research findings show that the factors that cause changes in the function of nature reserves into tourist parks include; the interests of geothermal energy to meet national energy needs and electricity infrastructure, accommodate the needs of surrounding communities that utilize water resources in conservation areas, and restore ecosystems. The communication model for geothermal energy management that we propose at the same time is also a novelty namely; ecopopulism approach, negotiation approach, collaboration, and equating meaning and orientation to environmental sustainability. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Geothermal Energy, Nature Reserves, Conservation Policies, Communication Models and Sustainable Development.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Sustainability Labels on Willingness-to-Pay for Foods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Discrete Choice Experiments

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2677
Author(s):  
Anastasios Bastounis ◽  
John Buckell ◽  
Jamie Hartmann-Boyce ◽  
Brian Cook ◽  
Sarah King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Discrete Choice ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
The Impact

Food production is a major contributor to environmental damage. More environmentally sustainable foods could incur higher costs for consumers. In this review, we explore whether consumers are willing to pay (WTP) more for foods with environmental sustainability labels (‘ecolabels’). Six electronic databases were searched for experiments on consumers’ willingness to pay for ecolabelled food. Monetary values were converted to Purchasing Power Parity dollars and adjusted for country-specific inflation. Studies were meta-analysed and effect sizes with confidence intervals were calculated for the whole sample and for pre-specified subgroups defined as meat-dairy, seafood, and fruits-vegetables-nuts. Meta-regressions tested the role of label attributes and demographic characteristics on participants’ WTP. Forty-three discrete choice experiments (DCEs) with 41,777 participants were eligible for inclusion. Thirty-five DCEs (n = 35,725) had usable data for the meta-analysis. Participants were willing to pay a premium of 3.79 PPP$/kg (95%CI 2.7, 4.89, p ≤ 0.001) for ecolabelled foods. WTP was higher for organic labels compared to other labels. Women and people with lower levels of education expressed higher WTP. Ecolabels may increase consumers’ willingness to pay more for environmentally sustainable products and could be part of a strategy to encourage a transition to more sustainable diets.

scholarly journals Food intake in Slovenian adolescents and adherence to the Optimized Mixed Diet: a nationally representative study

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Kobe ◽  
Matevž Štimec ◽  
Cirila Hlastan Ribič ◽  
Nataša Fidler Mis
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Geographical Regions

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the food intake of Slovenian adolescents and to compare it with food-based dietary guidelines developed for children and adolescents, named the Optimized Mixed Diet (OMD). The OMD is a useful tool for the evaluation of food intake of adolescents.DesignAll adolescents completed an FFQ at a regional health centre; a subgroup also completed a 3 d weighed dietary protocol at home.SettingThis study is a part of the first national representative study on the dietary habits of Slovenian adolescents.SubjectsThis cross-sectional study included a representative sample of 2813 Slovenian adolescents entering high school, aged 14–17 years, from all ten geographical regions of Slovenia.ResultsThe greatest deviations from the recommended intakes of the main food groups in the OMD were significantly lower intakes of (P < 0·001, mean): vegetables (179 and 163 g/d in boys and girls, respectively), bread/cereals (271 and 226 g/d), potatoes/rice/pasta (212 and 163 g/d); in boys also a significantly lower intake of fruits (mean: 321 g/d, P < 0·001) and a significantly higher intake of meat/meat products (mean: 126 g/d, P < 0·001). Additionally, the results show too high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and too low intakes of fish and plant oils in both genders.ConclusionsThe food intake pattern of Slovenian adolescents deviates markedly from a healthy eating pattern. Nutrition education and interventions are needed for Slovenian adolescents.

Environmentally sustainable stochastic procurement model

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Surya Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Lot Sizing ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Procurement Planning

Purpose Procurement planning has always been a huge and challenging activity for business firms, especially in manufacturing. With government legislations about global concern over carbon emissions, the manufacturing firms are enforced to regulate and reduce the emissions caused throughout the supply chain. It is observed that procurement and logistics activities in manufacturing firms contribute heavily toward carbon emissions. Moreover, highly dynamic and uncertain business environment with uncertainty in parameters such as demand, supplier and carrier capacity adds to the complexity in procurement planning. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a novel attempt to model environmentally sustainable stochastic procurement (ESSP) problem as a mixed-integer non-linear program. The ESSP optimizes the procurement plan of the firm including lot-sizing, supplier and carrier selection by addressing uncertainty and environmental sustainability. The model applies chance-constrained-based approach to address the uncertain parameters. Findings The proposed ESSP model is solved optimally for 30 data sets to validate the proposed ESSP and is further demonstrated using three illustrations solved optimally in LINGO 10. Originality/value The ESSP model simultaneously minimizes total procurement cost and carbon emissions over the entire planning horizon considering uncertain demand, supplier and carrier capacity.

scholarly journals Consumer Readiness to Reduce Meat Consumption for the Purpose of Environmental Sustainability: Insights from Norway

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe Austgulen ◽  
Silje Skuland ◽  
Alexander Schjøll ◽  
Frode Alfnes
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Group Interviews

Food production is associated with various environmental impacts and the production of meat is highlighted as a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. A transition toward plant-based and low-meat diets has thus been emphasised as an important contribution to reducing climate change. By combining results from a consumer survey, focus group interviews and an in-store field experiment, this article investigates whether Norwegian consumers are ready to make food choices based on what is environmentally sustainable. We ask how consumers perceive the environmental impacts of food consumption, whether they are willing and able to change their food consumption in a more climate-friendly direction, and what influences their perceptions and positions. The results show that there is uncertainty among consumers regarding what constitutes climate- or environmentally friendly food choices and that few consumers are motivated to change their food consumption patterns for climate- or environmental reasons. Consumers’ support to initiatives, such as eating less meat and increasing the prices of meat, are partly determined by the consumers’ existing value orientation and their existing consumption practices. Finally, we find that although providing information about the climate benefits of eating less meat has an effect on vegetable purchases, this does not seem to mobilise consumer action any more than the provision of information about the health benefits of eating less meat does. The article concludes that environmental policies aiming to transfer part of the responsibility for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to food consumers is being challenged by the fact that most consumers are still not ready to make food choices based on what is best for the climate or environment.

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