Biochemical Indicators of Malnutrition in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease on Peritoneal Dialysis, Hemodialysis and Post-Transplant Kidney

Abstract Objectives To demonstrate differences in the profile of biochemical indicators of nutritional status in children with End-stage renal disease (ESRD) between peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD), and renal transplantation (RT). Methods Analytical cross-sectional study. A total of 130 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years of age with ESRD were included: 49 children in RT, 33 in PD, and 48 in HD. The biochemical indicators (hemoglobin, glucose, albumin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides) and anthropometric indicators of nutritional status were obtained. ANOVA, T-student, and Pearson correlation were performed. For nonparametric variables, Chi-square, U-Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and odds ratio were used. Results The frequency of hypoalbuminemia was higher in the PD group than in the RT group [OR = 56.4 (6.9, 459) P < 0.001] and the HD group [OR = 10.08 (3.1, 319) P < 0.001]. Anemia was higher in the HD group compared with the RT group [OR = 4.9 (2.1, 11.2) P < 0.001] and the PD group [OR = 3.0 (1.3, 7.7), P = 0.02]. Cholesterol serum concentration was higher in the PD group compared to the RT group [OR = 27.4 (3.3, 225), P < 0.01] and the HD group [OR = 26.2 (3.2, 215), P < 0.001]. Patients in the PD group had a higher risk of hypertriglyceridemia than the RT group [OR = 5.5 (1.9, 15.7), P = 0.002] and the HD group [OR = 2.3 (1.1, 5.4), P = 0.04]. Albumin correlated with tricipital skinfold and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) in the RT group; with subscapular skinfold (SSF) in the HD group; and with height, SSF, and MUAC in PD group. Conclusions There are substantial differences in the biochemical indicators of nutritional status depending on the renal substitution program. Funding Sources Project supported by the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico.

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Predictive power of indicators to the perception of food and nutritional insecurity in the Bolsa Família Program

Gestão & Produção ◽

10.1590/0104-530x5168-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Daiane Roncato Cardozo ◽

Sinara Laurini Rossato ◽

Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira ◽

Vera Mariza Henriques de Miranda Costa ◽

Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Predictive Power ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bolsa Familia

Abstract: The objective was to analyze the predictive power of indicators of the perception of food and nutritional insecurity comparing beneficiary and non - beneficiary families of the Bolsa Família Program, through a cross - sectional study with 150 families. Demographic, socioeconomic, food insecurity (Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale), nutritional status (Body Mass Index) and household consumption patterns were collected. The correlation between the demographic, socioeconomic, nutritional status and level of food insecurity were tested using the Pearson correlation coefficient; the association with Chi-square and ANOVA tests; and the prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals with Poisson Regression model. The predictive power of indicators of food insecurity was evaluated with the ROC curve. Patterns of food consumption, demographic and health characteristics were not significantly correlated with food insecurity. In the analyzes with the ROC curve, among the beneficiary families, the income derived only from the Bolsa Família and the Renda Cidadã Program with the Bolsa Família presented a better predictive power of food insecurity, covering the curve by 70%, followed by the difference between the income from wages and rent and gas (70%). The proportions of the total income of families spent on rent and gas had low predictive power (67%). Income components, mainly rent and gas spending, showed a better performance in the prediction of food insecurity among beneficiaries of Bolsa Família, and could be a complementary quantitative indicator to the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity.

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The association between somatotype and nutritional status: a cross-sectional study among the adult Sabar males of Purulia, West Bengal, India

International Journal of Anthropology and Ethnology ◽

10.1186/s41257-021-00046-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kaustav Das ◽

Koel Mukherjee ◽

Sayak Ganguli ◽

Somosree Pal ◽

Subrata Sankar Bagchi

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

West Bengal ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Body Type ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

AbstractSomatotype is the parameter used to determine the body composition, which is influenced by several factors and nutrition is the crucial one. This study aimed to determine somatotype and nutritional status as well as investigate the somatotype variations in relation to the age and nutritional status among the adult males of Sabar community living in Purulia district of West Bengal, India. The present cross-sectional study included 334 Sabar males aged between 18 to 60 years. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, 2 breadths, 2 circumferences and 4 skinfolds were taken following standard protocol. Somatotype was determined following the Heath-Carter method and Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to access the level of nutrition. Descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation and Chi-square test were performed to find out variation, correlation and association of the somatype components with age and nutritional categories. Prior ethical clearance had been obtained. As a result, the trend of undernutrition was gradually increasing with age and found highest among aged people (50–60 years) with an overall prevalence of 49.7%. Eleven different somatotype subgroups were identified. The mean somatotype of the participants was 2.3–3.6-3.9 which indicates mesomorph-ectomorph body type. Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed significant differences among somatotype components in different nutritional categories. Undernutrition was found highest among the mesomorphic ectomorph (62.7%) type. Chi-square test stated significant association between somatotype categories and nutritional statuses (Chi-square = 283.160, p < 0.01). This is the first reporting on the somatotype study among the Sabar community, where the dominant body type was found mesomorph-ectomorph. A highly significant correlation was found between somatotype and BMI. At the same time, this study expressed the need for immediate nutritional intervention.

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The Study of Prescribing Errors Among General Dentists

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p32 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 32 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Solmaz Araghi ◽

Rohollah Sharifi ◽

Goran Ahmadi ◽

Mahsa Esfehani ◽

Fatemeh Rezaei

Keyword(s):

Work Experience ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Antimicrobial Treatment ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

Entrance Examination ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypothetical Patient ◽

General Dentists

INTRODUCTION: In dentistry, medicine often prescribed to relieve pain and remove infections .Therefore, wrong prescription can lead to a range of problems including lack of pain, antimicrobial treatment failure and the development of resistance to antibiotics. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the aim was to evaluate the common errors in written prescriptions by general dentists in Kermanshah in 2014. Dentists received a questionnaire describing five hypothetical patient and the appropriate prescription for the patient in question was asked. Information about age, gender, work experience and the admission in university was collected. The frequency of errors in prescriptions was determined. Data by SPSS 20statistical software and using statistical t-test, chi-square and Pearson correlation were analyzed (0.05> P). RESULTS: A total of 180 dentists (62.6% male and 37.4% female) with a mean age of 8.23 ± 39.199 participated in this study. Prescription errors include the wrong in pharmaceutical form (11%), not having to write therapeutic dose (13%), writing wrong dose (14%), typos (15%), error prescription (23%) and writing wrong number of drugs (24%).The most frequent errors in the administration of antiviral drugs (31%) and later stages of antifungal drugs (30%), analgesics (23%) and antibiotics (16%) was observed. Males dentists compared with females dentists showed more frequent errors (P=0.046). Error frequency among dentists with a long work history (P>0.001) and the acceptance in the university except for the entrance examination (P=0.041) had a statistically significant relationship. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the written prescription by general dentists examined contained significant errors and improve prescribing through continuing education of dentists is essential.

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Nutritional status of 1-5 years children in the urban slum area of Jagdalpur city, Bastar region, Chhattisgarh

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180779 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 1172

Author(s):

Q. H. Khan ◽

Garima Arora ◽

Susheel Kumar Nalli

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Urban Slum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Nutritional Status Of Children ◽

High Level

Background: Nutritional status is the best indicator of the child health. Malnutrition has both short and long term adverse ramifications. As per NFHS III 47% children are stunted in the state of Chhattisgarh. However still many communities in the tribal dominated and naxal affected state may remain affected, hence the study was planned to identify the nutritional status of children and find out its determinant.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted among 12-59 months children in the urban slum of Jagdalpur city, Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. Predesigned and pretested questionnaire was administered to the caregiver of the child, information on socio-demographic characteristics was obtained and anthropometric measurements were taken. Statistical Analysis: all frequencies were derived for completeness of data. WHO Anthro Software version 3.1.0 was used to classify the malnutrition status. Chi-square test was applied to find association between dependent variables.Results: Out of 225 children 53.3% were boys and 46.7% were girls. The overall prevalence of underweight stunting and wasting was 28.4%, 41.3%, and 19.1% respectively.Conclusions: Prevalence of underweight has reduced in the district over a period of years. However high level of stunting, a sign of chronic hunger points towards the pivotal role of socio-demographic and behavioral practices prevalent in the district. Interaction with health system in the form of ANC, institutional delivery and safeguarding effective 100% immunization coverage has shown preventive effect.

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Effect Of Maternal Growth Monitoring Knowledge On Stunting, Wasting And Underweight Among Children 0-18 Months In Tamale Metropolis Of Ghana

10.21203/rs.2.16457/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Bukari ◽

Muzamil Mohammed Abubakari ◽

Mohammed Majeed ◽

Abdul-Razak Abizari ◽

Anthony Wemakor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Tamale Metropolis ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Abstract This study sought to assess maternal growth monitoring knowledge and its effect on stunting, wasting and underweight among children 0-18 months in the Tamale Metropolis. An analytical cross-sectional study design, involving 340 mother-child pairs randomly selected from 4 health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis, was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and maternal growth monitoring knowledge. Weight and length of children were taken to assess nutritional status (stunting, underweight and wasting). Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the association between maternal growth monitoring knowledge level and child nutritional status.This study sought to assess maternal growth monitoring knowledge and its effect on stunting, wasting and underweight among children 0-18 months in the Tamale Metropolis. An analytical cross-sectional study design, involving 340 mother-child pairs randomly selected from 4 health facilities in the Tamale Metropolis, was used. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and maternal growth monitoring knowledge. Weight and length of children were taken to assess nutritional status (stunting, underweight and wasting). Chi-square/Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the association between maternal growth monitoring knowledge level and child nutritional status.

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Study of magnitude and socio-demographic factors associated with anaemia among children of a school for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182663 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 3141

Author(s):

Pritish K. Raut ◽

Shubhada S. Avachat ◽

Sachin Gupta ◽

Rutuja D. Pundkar

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Care Providers ◽

Feeding Problems ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Nutrition ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Anaemia is one of the important silent morbidity in childhood that affects the development of a child. Disabled children are more vulnerable for nutritional problems like under-nutrition or anaemia due to inadequate nutrient intake either due to feeding problems or poor feeding knowledge among care providers. However there are very few studies regarding nutritional problems of intellectually disabled. The aims of the study were to assess the nutritional status and magnitude of anaemia among mentally challenged children and to study the socio-demographic variables associated with anaemia among them.Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in a Day School for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar. All 45 children (Day scholars) were enrolled in the study. Data collection was done using a predesigned proforma for detail history. Anthropometric measurements and Body mass index were used for assessment of nutritional status. Haemoglobin estimation was done by using Sahali's Haemoglobinometer. The details of socioeconomic status and intelligence quotient (I.Q.) were taken from the official records of the school. Percentages, proportions and Chi square test were used for Statistical Analysis.Results: The mean age was 12.5 years, mean IQ was 37.8. More than half of the children were undernourished (64% had BMI<18.5). Mean Haemoglobin was 10.3 and 33 (73%) children were suffering from mild to moderate anaemia. Significant association was observed between degree of mental retardation and anaemia.Conclusions: Majority of mentally challenged children in our study were suffering from under nutrition and anaemia.

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Hypertension and its Relation with Waist to Hip Ratio in Women Referred to Bojnurd Urban Health Centers in 2014

The Open Hypertension Journal ◽

10.2174/1876526201911010001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Hossein Lashkardoost ◽

Fateme Hoseyni ◽

Elham Rabbani ◽

Farzane Q Moqadam ◽

Leila Hosseini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Centers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio ◽

Significant Relationships ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: North Khorasan province has one of the highest rates of hypertension. One of the main causes of hypertension is obesity. Obesity is one of the most important public health problems around the world as a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Since a similar study was not conducted in Bojnurd, we examined the relationship between waist to hip ratio with hypertension. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on women referring to Bojnurd health centers. To analyze the data, we used t-test, chi-square, multiple logistic regression and Pearson correlation in Stata 12 software. Results: In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of systolic blood pressure was 14.78% and diastolic blood pressure was 15.65%. So waist to the hips showed the highest correlation with the changes in hypertension. Conclusion: There are significant relationships between the age and the number of pregnancies with the risk of hypertension. Since a significant percentage of people are unaware of the existence of hypertension, changing diet and having regular physical activity along with social support is an important strategy.

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Correlation between Nutritional Status and Pneumonia among 6-59 Months Years Old in Tangerang, Banten

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.03.13 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zico Permadi ◽

◽

Maria Ekawati ◽

Citra Ayu Aprilia ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Community Health Center ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Under Five ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Weight For Age ◽

Children Under 5

ABSTRACT Background: Pneumonia is still causing the most deaths among children in developing countries. This disesase often occurs in children under 5 years of age. Nutritional status is a factor that is closely related to infectious diseases such as pneumonia. This study aimed to examine the correlation between nutritional status and pneumonia among 6-59 months years old in Tangerang, Banten. Subject and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakuhaji Community Health Center, Tangerang, Banten, from January to February 2018. A total of 29 children under five were enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variable was nutritional status. The data were collected from direct measurement of the children under five and questtioner. The data were analyzed by Chi-square. Results: As many as 16 children under five (55.17%) had pneumonia, 7 children under five (24.13%) were malnutrition, 3 children under five (10.34%) were short, and 5 children under five (7.24%) were thin. Nutritional status based on weight for age and weight for height had differences in nutritional status with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five, and they were statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Nutritional status is associate with the incidence of pneumonia among 6-59 months years old (children under five) in Tangerang, Banten. Keywords: pneumonia incidence rate, pneumonia, nutritional status, chidren under five Correspondence: Citra Ayu Aprilia. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628122090545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.13

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Obesity self-management: knowledge, attitude, practice, and pharmaceutical use among healthy obese individuals in Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Family & Community Medicine ◽

10.15406/ijfcm.2021.05.00232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 110-121

Author(s):

Sharaf E Sharaf

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Management ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Linear Correlations ◽

Poor Practice

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease that is increasing in Saudi Arabia (SA) and globally. Obesity self-management among individuals is essential for managing obesity and its complications. This study aimed to conduct an obesity knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) assessment and prevalence of used pharmaceutical anti-obesity medications among individuals with obesity in SA. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2021. The participants completed a validated online administered questionnaire using the Survey Monkey website. Potential participants were approached in governmental hospitals, leisure centers, and shopping malls. The chi-square test was used to assess associations between categorical variables. In addition, correlations between the participants' KAP and outcome variables were measured using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Results: In all, 410 obese individuals (mean age 40±14 years, range 18–80 years) were surveyed. Overall, 68% of participants reported good obesity knowledge, and 63% reported a good attitude, while 72% reported poor practice. In addition, there were significant positive linear correlations between knowledge and attitude (r=0.44, P<0.001), knowledge and practice (r=0.14, P<0.01), attitude and practice (r=0.11, P<0.05), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) (r=0.25, P<0.01), while there were significant negative linear correlations between knowledge and BMI (r=−0.20, P<0.001), attitude and BMI (r=−0.19, P<0.001), practice and BMI (r=−0.67, P<0.001), knowledge and WC (r=−0.10, P<0.05), attitude and WC (r=−0.10, P<0.05), and practice and WC (r=−0.45, P<0.001). Interestingly, 67% of participants did not use any approved pharmaceutical anti-obesity medications due to a lack of anti-obesity treatment knowledge and safety. Conclusion: The participants reported good knowledge and attitudes toward obesity, although these were not reflected in their practice levels. The lack of pharmaceutical knowledge, safety, and use of anti-obesity medications contributed directly to poor practice levels. Health authorities should establish clinical and pharmaceutical health education programs incorporating the latest pharmaceutical anti-obesity medications, including their applications and safety, for enhancing self-management and awareness among obese individuals.

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Peritoneal Microbiome in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients and the Impact of Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8020173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 173

Author(s):

Liliana Simões-Silva ◽

Ricardo Araujo ◽

Manuel Pestana ◽

Isabel Soares-Silva ◽

Benedita Sampaio-Maia

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Human Microbiome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Peritoneal Tissue ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage ◽

The Impact

Factors influencing the occurrence of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infections are still far from fully understood. Recent studies described the existence of specific microbiomes in body sites previously considered microbiome-free, unravelling new microbial pathways in the human body. In the present study, we analyzed the peritoneum of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients to determine if they harbored a specific microbiome and if it is altered in patients on PD therapy. We conducted a cross-sectional study where the peritoneal microbiomes from ESKD patients with intact peritoneal cavities (ESKD non-PD, n = 11) and ESKD patients undergoing PD therapy (ESKD PD, n = 9) were analyzed with a 16S rRNA approach. Peritoneal tissue of ESKD patients contained characteristically low-abundance microbiomes dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Patients undergoing PD therapy presented lower species richness, with dominance by the Pseudomonadaceae and Prevotelaceae families. This study provides the first characterization of the peritoneal microbiome in ESKD patients, bringing new insight to the human microbiome. Additionally, PD therapy may induce changes in this unique microbiome. The clinical relevance of these observations should be further explored to uncover the role of the peritoneal microbiome as a key element in the onset or aggravation of infection in ESKD patients, especially those undergoing PD.

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