The Effect of Chronic Spice Consumption on Plasma Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Monocyte Function in Adults with Overweight/Obesity

Abstract Objectives Obesity-induced, chronic, low-grade inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous spices have anti-inflammatory properties in animal models and humans. However, few studies have examined the anti-inflammatory effect of spices in the context of daily meal consumption, which is typically how spices are consumed. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of chronic spice consumption in adults with overweight/obesity at risk for CVD. Methods Nonsmoking adults (30–75 years old) with overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 and ≤ 35 kg/m2), elevated waist circumference (≥94 cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women) and at least one other risk factor for CVD were recruited for a 3-period, crossover, randomized controlled-feeding study (n = 63). In random order, participants consumed an Average American Diet (AAD) for 4 weeks containing: 1) 0.6 g of spice blend per 2100 kcal, 2) 3.2 g of spice blend per 2100 kcal, or 3) 6.4 g of spice blend per 2100 kcal with a≥2-week washout period between each test period. The spice blend was comprised of 24 popular spices. Blood was collected at baseline and after each test period. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and the % of monocyte subsets (classical; CD14++CD16−, intermediate; CD14++CD16+, non-classical; CD14+CD16++) were quantified using flow cytometry. Plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1) were measured using ELISA. In a subset of participants (n = 6), transendothelial migratory function of each monocyte subset through MCP-1 stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells was evaluated. Results Plasma IL-6 was significantly reduced after consuming the AAD containing 3.2 g compared to 0.6 g of spice blend in men and postmenopausal women (P = 0.031). Transendothelial migration of classical monocytes was significantly reduced following consumption of the AAD containing 3.2 g and 6.4 g of the spice blend compared to 0.6 g of spice blend (P = 0.011). Conclusions Consumption of an AAD with spices for 4 weeks attenuated inflammatory outcomes including plasma IL-6 and transendothelial migration of classical monocytes in adults with overweight/obesity. Funding Sources McCormick Science Institute.

Download Full-text

Why does anti-inflammatory cytokine levels increase during memory acquisition?

Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergei G. Levin ◽

Ekaterina V. Pershina ◽

Nickolay A. Bugaev-Makarovskiy ◽

Irina Yu. Chernomorets ◽

Maxim V. Konakov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Memory Acquisition ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Download Full-text

The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Inflammation Markers in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.80002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Deniz Uluisik ◽

Ercan Keskin

Keyword(s):

Coenzyme Q10 ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Diabetic Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Inflammation Markers ◽

Citrate Buffer ◽

Group 4 ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Group 5

Background: Coenzyme Q10 is a well-known cofactor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain required for ATP production. Coenzyme Q10 is recognized as an intracellular antioxidant that protects cell membrane phospholipids, mitochondrial membrane protein, and plasma low-density lipoprotein against oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Diabetes and its complications have been related to increased levels of free radicals and systemic proinflammatory cytokines and to an abnormal lipid profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on some cytokine levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, 38 healthy, adult male rats were used. The rats were divided into 5 groups. All animals were housed in separated cages during the four weeks. The animals in group 1 was fed standard rat pellets for 4 weeks. It was administered at 0.3 mL corn oil intraperitoneally daily for four weeks in group 2 animals. The animals in group 3 was injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg CoQ10 daily for 4 weeks. Group 4 was made diabetic by subcutaneous injections of streptozotocin at dose of 40 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) single daily dose for two days and group 5 was made diabetic by subcutaneous injections of streptozotocin at dose of 40 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) single daily dose for two days and then was injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg CoQ10 daily for 4 weeks. During the experiment, three animals from group 4 and one animals from group 5 were died due to streptozotocin-induced hypoglycemia. At the end of the study, blood samples were taken from all animals. In these blood samples, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α plasma levels were determined with ELISA using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent method via commercial kits. In this study, IL-4 level as an anti-inflammatory cytokine significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with diabetes induction compared to control group level. IL-10 level in diabetic group was statistically different (P < 0.05) from control group level. CoQ10 application to diabetic animals improved the falling in IL-10 level of diabetic group (P < 0.05). IL-6 and TNF-α levels in diabetic group significantly increased (P < 0.05) in parallel with each other compared to control group levels. The same parameters were reduced (P < 0.05) by CoQ10 application in diabetic animals.Discussion: In this study, the occurred changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines with experimentally induced diabetes are expected results and these results are consistent with some studies related diabetes. These results may be considered to hazardous effects and inflammation caused by diabetes on liver, pancreas and other tissues. CoQ10 suppressed the increments in plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, whereas it restored the reducing in anti-inflammatory cytokine levels arising due to diabetes. The obtained results from this study after CoQ10 application supported similar studies used CoQ10 application against deleterious effects of diabetes in animals and humans. Therefore, it is possible to say that CoQ10 may play important role in regulation of imbalance between inflammation markers in diabetes conditions and further studies are needed to clear the beneficial effects of CoQ10 treatment on the other inflammation markers in diabetes status.

Download Full-text

Loss of CXCR4 on non-classical monocytes in participants of the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) with subclinical atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular Research ◽

10.1093/cvr/cvy292 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (6) ◽

pp. 1029-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karin A L Mueller ◽

David B Hanna ◽

Erik Ehinger ◽

Xiaonan Xue ◽

Livia Baas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Cxcr4 Expression ◽

Monocyte Subset ◽

Surface Markers ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Classical Monocytes

AbstractAimsTo test whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and subclinical cardiovascular disease (sCVD) are associated with expression of CXCR4 and other surface markers on classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes in women.Methods and resultssCVD was defined as presence of atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid artery in 92 participants of the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Participants were stratified into four sets (n = 23 each) by HIV and sCVD status (HIV−/sCVD−, HIV−/sCVD+, HIV+/sCVD−, and HIV+/sCVD+) matched by age, race/ethnicity, and smoking status. Three subsets of monocytes were determined from archived peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Flow cytometry was used to count and phenotype surface markers. We tested for differences by HIV and sCVD status accounting for multiple comparisons. We found no differences in monocyte subset size among the four groups. Expression of seven surface markers differed significantly across the three monocyte subsets. CXCR4 expression [median fluorescence intensity (MFI)] in non-classical monocytes was highest among HIV−/CVD− [628, interquartile range (IQR) (295–1389)], followed by HIV+/CVD− [486, IQR (248–699)], HIV−/CVD+ (398, IQR (89–901)), and lowest in HIV+/CVD+ women [226, IQR (73–519)), P = 0.006 in ANOVA. After accounting for multiple comparison (Tukey) the difference between HIV−/CVD− vs. HIV+/CVD+ remained significant with P = 0.005 (HIV−/CVD− vs. HIV+/CVD− P = 0.04, HIV−/CVD− vs. HIV−/CVD+ P = 0.06, HIV+/CVD+ vs. HIV+/CVD− P = 0.88, HIV+/CVD+ vs. HIV−/CVD+ P = 0.81, HIV+/CVD− vs. HIV−/CVD+, P = 0.99). All pairwise comparisons with HIV−/CVD− were individually significant (P = 0.050 vs. HIV−/CVD+, P = 0.028 vs. HIV+/CVD−, P = 0.009 vs. HIV+/CVD+). CXCR4 expression on non-classical monocytes was significantly higher in CVD− (501.5, IQR (249.5–887.3)) vs. CVD+ (297, IQR (81.75–626.8) individuals (P = 0.028, n = 46 per group). CXCR4 expression on non-classical monocytes significantly correlated with cardiovascular and HIV−related risk factors including systolic blood pressure, platelet and T cell counts along with duration of antiretroviral therapy (P < 0.05). In regression analyses, adjusted for education level, study site, and injection drug use, presence of HIV infection and sCVD remained significantly associated with lower CXCR4 expression on non-classical monocytes (P = 0.003), but did not differ in classical or intermediate monocytes.ConclusionCXCR4 expression in non-classical monocytes was significantly lower among women with both HIV infection and sCVD, suggesting a potential atheroprotective role of CXCR4 in non-classical monocytes.

Download Full-text

Truncal vagotomy temporarily decreases the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in the small intestine

Surgery Today ◽

10.1007/s00595-013-0717-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 1123-1127 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Takashi Mitsui ◽

Kazuhiko Fukatsu ◽

Masashi Yanagawa ◽

Syunsuke Amenomori ◽

Etsushi Ogawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Truncal Vagotomy ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Download Full-text

Dietary Fiber's Effect on High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein Serum in Sedentary Workers

World Nutrition Journal ◽

10.25220/wnj.v05.i1.0006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Livia Kurniati Saputra ◽

Dian Novita Chandra ◽

Ninik Mudjihartini

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

The Body ◽

Low Grade ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Low Grade Inflammation ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Low grade inflammation has been recognized of being involved in the pathogenesis of chronic disease pandemic. Individual lifestyle plays a major role in the development of low grade inflammation. Sedentary workers are at risk of low grade inflammation due to the nature of their work. Dietary habit also contributes to inflammatory status in the body. Dietary fiber intake indirectly affects the immune system. It has been hypothesized that fiber has anti-inflammatory effects, both body weight-related and body weight-unrelated This review will focus more on body weight-unrelated anti-inflammatory effect of fiber, especially through fiber’s fermentation metabolites, the short chain fatty acid (SCFA). Its anti-inflammatory effect can be seen by monitoring a biomarker of inflammation in the body, the high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). This review’s objective is to cover the mechanisms and role of dietary fiber intake on serum hsCRP level as a marker of low grade inflammation on sedentary workers.

Download Full-text

Ibuprofen Affects Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Mononuclear Cells of Preterm Newborns

Neonatology ◽

10.1159/000047075 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

L. Sirota ◽

D. Shacham ◽

I. Punsky ◽

H. Bessler

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Cytokine Production ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine Production ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Preterm Newborns ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Download Full-text

Increase in Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Chronic Heart Failure: A Measure of Treatment Success or Failure?

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.104.18.e97 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 104 (18) ◽

Author(s):

Aidan P. Bolger ◽

Rakesh Sharma

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Download Full-text

Involvement of Interleukin-10 in the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sanyinjiao (SP6) Acupuncture in a Mouse Model of Peritonitis

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1093/ecam/neq036 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Morgana Duarte da Silva ◽

Giselle Guginski ◽

Maria Fernanda de Paula Werner ◽

Cristiane Hatsuko Baggio ◽

Rodrigo Marcon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Permeability ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Sham Acupuncture ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Plasma Extravasation ◽

Sterile Saline ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

In this study, we determined the anti-inflammatory effect of manual acupuncture at the Sanyinjiao or Spleen 6 (SP6) point on carrageenan-induced peritonitis in mice and investigated mechanisms that may underlie this effect. In the first set of experiments, male Swiss mice were allocated into five groups: the control (sterile saline), dexamethasone (DEXA), invasive sham-acupuncture (non-acupoint), SP6 acupuncture and carrageenan-treated groups. Ten minutes after needle retention or 30 min after DEXA treatment, mice received an intraperitoneal injection of carrageenan (750 μg/mouse). After 4 h, total leukocyte and differential cell counts (neutrophils and mononuclear), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, vascular permeability and cytokine levels were evaluated. In another set of experiments, adrenalectomized (ADX) mice were used to study the involvement of the adrenal gland on the therapeutic effects of acupuncture. Mice were allocated into two groups: the ADX and sham-operated animals (Sham ADX) that were subdivided into four subgroups each: the control (sterile saline), DEXA, SP6 acupuncture and carrageenan-treated groups. The SP6 and DEXA treatments inhibited the inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular permeability and MPO activity in carrageenan-injected mice. In addition, the SP6 treatment also increased interleukin (IL)-10 levels. In contrast, when the animals were adrenalectomized, the SP6 treatment failed to reduce total leukocyte and the plasma extravasation. In conclusion, this study clearly demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effect of SP6 acupuncture in a model of carrageenan-induced peritonitis. Our results demonstrated that SP6 acupuncture depends of the adrenal glands and increased IL-10 levels to produce its anti-inflammatory action.

Download Full-text

Rare Acetogenins with Anti-Inflammatory Effect from the Red Alga Laurencia obtusa

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24030476 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Walied Alarif ◽

Sultan Al-Lihaibi ◽

Nahed Bawakid ◽

Ahmed Abdel-Lateff ◽

Hamdan Al-malky

Keyword(s):

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Peripheral Blood ◽

Red Alga ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Organic Extract ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Data Analyses ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Three new rare C12 acetogenins (enyne derivatives 1–3) were isolated from the organic extract obtained from the red alga Laurencia obtusa, collected from the Red Sea. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopical data analyses. Potent anti-inflammatory effect of the isolated metabolites was evidenced by inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) by employing Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).

Download Full-text