scholarly journals Total Energy and Macronutrient Intakes in Masters Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1296-1296
Author(s):  
Quentin Nichols ◽  
Rohit Ramadoss ◽  
Stella Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Masters Athletes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objectives Athletes subscribe to different energy and macronutrient intakes based on the needs of the sport. The aim of our study was to evaluate total energy and macronutrient intakes between different types of Masters athletes. Methods Female and male Masters athletes participated in this cross-sectional study. Dietary consumption data were measured using Block's 2005 Food Frequency Questionnaire. A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare total energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat (in grams [g]) intakes among the athletes. When significant differences were found, a Fisher's LSD post hoc test was performed to identify specific group differences. The significance level was set a priori at P < 0.05. Results A total of 330 athletes (182 women and 148 men) were included in the study. Participants were 36.55 ± 11.2 years of age. The athlete population consisted of general athletes (n = 81), runners (n = 116), triathletes (n = 53), rowers (n = 46), and CrossFit athletes (n = 34). Runners (1941.35 ± 697.25 kilocolaries [kcal]), triathletes (2031.65 ± 912.02 kcal), and rowers (2004.15 ± 978.42 kcal) all had significantly greater total energy intakes compared to CrossFit athletes (1538.80 ± 491.74 kcal) (P < 0.05). Runners (226.21 ± 89.67 g) and triathletes (235.43 ± 134.29 g) had significantly greater carbohydrate intakes compared to CrossFit athletes (162.93 ± 66.99 g) (P < 0.05). Rowers (83.31 ± 44.74 g) had a significantly greater protein intake compared to CrossFit athletes (64.77 ± 21.32 g) (P = 0.027). Rowers (87.35 ± 45.91 g) had a significantly greater fat intake compared to CrossFit athletes (68.86 ± 25.10 g) (P = 0.041). Conclusions Based on our data, runners, triathletes, and rowers all had greater total energy intake compared to CrossFit athletes. Rowers also consumed significantly more protein and fat than CrossFit athletes. Rowers may consume more protein and fat due to the combination of endurance and strength needed to meet the demands of the sport. Further research is needed to continue evaluating total energy and macronutrient intakes between different types of Masters athletes. Funding Sources This project was unfunded.

A - 28 Mastering Concussion Reporting: Does Previous Injury and Education Play a Role in Reporting Skill?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 668-668
Author(s):  
Tomczyk CP ◽  
Covassin T
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Predictor Model ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Score Range

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether previous injury (PI) and/or concussion education (ce) significantly predicted collegiate athlete reporting skill (RS). It was hypothesized that both PI and ce would be significant predictors of RS. Methods A cross-sectional study design was implemented, and collegiate athletes (n = 105; age = 19.77 ± 1.23; sex = 53% female) from two institutions were included in the study. Participants were administered a demographic questionnaire to determine PI and ce prior to enrollment, and the Reporting Skill Scale (5-items) was administered to measure RS. A composite score (range: 1–5) was calculated where higher values indicated greater RS. A stepwise multivariable linear regression was used to determine the predictive value of PI and ce on RS (a priori p < 0.05). Results A high percentage of the sample reported PI (n = 52, 49%), received ce (n = 83, 78%), and had high levels of RS (4.27 ± 0.68). The stepwise multivariable linear regression generated a one predictor model where ce significantly predicted RS (F(1,105) = 4.804, p = 0.03, R2 = 0.05, β = 0.35, 90% CI [0.33, 0.67]), whereas PI did not significantly predict RS (p = 0.83, β = −0.22). Conclusions The study revealed that ce partially predicts RS in collegiate athletes. Although the predicted variance was small, this highlights that educating athletes on the steps needed to report an injury is better suited for influencing the psychomotor domain of concussion reporting than simply experiencing a PI. Determining an athlete’s RS, including the factors that influence it, can aid clinicians in identifying athletes that may not fully understand how to report a concussion following injury.

Differences in phonological awareness performance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Goriot ◽  
Sharon Unsworth ◽  
Roeland van Hout ◽  
Mirjam Broersma ◽  
James M. McQueen
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early English ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Phoneme Identification

Abstract Children who have knowledge of two languages may show better phonological awareness than their monolingual peers (e.g. Bruck & Genesee, 1995). It remains unclear how much bilingual experience is needed for such advantages to appear, and whether differences in language or cognitive skills alter the relation between bilingualism and phonological awareness. These questions were investigated in this cross-sectional study. Participants (n = 294; 4–7 year-olds, in the first three grades of primary school) were Dutch-speaking pupils attending mainstream monolingual Dutch primary schools or early-English schools providing English lessons from grade 1, and simultaneous Dutch-English bilinguals. We investigated phonological awareness (rhyming, phoneme blending, onset phoneme identification, and phoneme deletion) and its relation to age, Dutch vocabulary, English vocabulary, working memory and short-term memory, and the balance between Dutch and English vocabulary. Small significant (α < .05) effects of bilingualism were found on onset phoneme identification and phoneme deletion, but post-hoc comparisons revealed no robust pairwise differences between the groups. Furthermore, effects of bilingualism sometimes disappeared when differences in language or memory skills were taken into account. Learning two languages simultaneously is not beneficial to – and importantly, also not detrimental to – phonological awareness.

scholarly journals Perception Regarding Oral Health Among Patients Visiting Dental Outpatient Department

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Saima Asim ◽  
Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi ◽  
Syed Imtiaz Ahmed Jafry ◽  
Shikoh Naz
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding oral health among patients visiting dental OPD in hospitals of district Malir, Karachi. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted at dental outpatient departments of two hospitals of district Malir, Karachi. Methodology: A total of 393 participants were randomly interviewed by the principal investigator with the help of structured questionnaire developed specifically for the study after obtaining written informed consent over the study of 6 months. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Inferential analysis was performed using chi-square test whereas binary logistic regression was used to develop a risk assessment model for the study outcome. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Overall 31.8% of the study participants had adequate knowledge, 25.2% had adequate attitude whereas 32.2% had adequate practices with regards to oral health. Furthermore, multivariable analysis revealed that higher qualification of the study participants had significant positive associations with adequateness of all of the knowledge, attitude and practices of the study participants regarding oral health at p-value of <0.05. Conclusion: The level of knowledge and appropriateness of attitude and practices of the study participants was less than satisfactory. The higher education level had a positive impact over the oral health of the participants. It is recommended that healthcare providers and government, in their respective capacities, educate and persuade people to take better care of their oral health.

scholarly journals Television watching time and cognitive development in young children

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ayu Windi Antari ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani ◽  
Djauhar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Television Watching ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc

Background Television viewing for children is prevalent. Therehave been few Indonesian studies on the association betweenduration of television watching and cognitive development inyoung children.Objective To assess cognitive development in young children whowatched < 1 hour, 1-2 hours, or > 2 hours of television daily.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at 6 prekindergartensin Denpasar, Bah. We included 135 subjects in thisstudy. Cognitive development was measured by the Mullen ScalesofEarly Learning (MSEL). Data was analyzed by one-way analysisof variance (ANOVA) test, post-hoc test, and univariate analysisof covariance (ANCOVA) with significance level of P < 0.05.Results There were significant differences among compositestandard score in children who watched television < 1 hour, 1-2hours, and> 2 hours per day (P=0.035). The mean compositestandard score in children who watched television 1-2 hours dailywas 6.087 points higher than in those who watched television< 1 hour daily (P=0.013, 95%CI 1.29 to 10.88) and 4.213points higher than in those who watched television > 2 hoursdaily (P=0.045, 95%CI 1.08 to 8.51). There was an associationbetween television watching time and cognitive development(P=0.001).Conclusion Television watching time was statistically associatedwith cognitive development in young children, where thoseviewing television 1-2 hours daily scoring significantly higher thanthose viewing < 1 hour and > 2 hours daily. [Paediatr lndones.2012;52:32-7].

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship Between Intuitive Eating and Diet Quality Among College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1290-1290
Author(s):  
Julia Borelli ◽  
Giselle Pereira Pignotti ◽  
Adrianne Widaman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Intuitive Eating ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objectives College students in the US tend to have low diet quality due to a confluence of interpersonal, intrapersonal, and environmental factors. Restrictive dieting is commonly used for weight management but often ineffective in the long term and can lead to dangerous eating behaviors. Intuitive eating is an adaptive form of eating that has gained interest as an alternative to restrictive dieting due to its successful use in eating disorder recovery and correlation with decreased body mass index in healthy populations. The objective of the current study was to identify if higher intuitive eating, as measured by the intuitive eating scale (IES-2), correlated with increased diet quality, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) in a college sample. Methods In this cross-sectional study, participants completed an online survey containing the IES-2 questionnaire which provides a total score for intuitive eating and four subscale scores representing the main behaviors of intuitive eating. The dietary intake of participants was assessed with up to three 24-hour diet recalls, which were completed over the phone. A total of 55 participants (40 females and 15 males) completed the survey and a minimum of two 24-hour diet recalls, which were used to calculate the HEI-2015. Independent sample t-test and Pearson's correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results The total IES-2 scores were higher for males than females (82.9 ± 8.1 vs. 76.3 ± 11.2, P = 0.04). The average total HEI-2015 score was 59.5 ± 15.1 and did not differ between gender (P = 0.93). The total IES-2 score was not significantly correlated with the total HEI scores (r = −0.218, P = 0.11), and one subscale of the IES-2, the Unconditional Permission to Eat subscale, was negatively correlated with the total HEI score (r = −0.418, P &lt; 0.01) and BMI (r = −0.335, P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions The results of the study do not support that intuitive eating is correlated with diet quality, furthermore, increased scores of the Unconditional Permission to Eat subscale of intuitive eating was correlated with a lower diet quality suggesting that intuitive eating and diet quality may be separate constructs that should be addressed individually. Funding Sources None.

FOOD CONSUMPTION OF CHILDREN AGED 1 TO 5 IN PHUOC VINH WARD, HUE CITY BY 24 HOURS FOOD RECORDING

2015 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Thi Bach Yen Hoang ◽  
Thi Hai Pham ◽  
Dinh Tuyen Hoang ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Van Thang Vo
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Food Consumed

Food consumption survey is an essential parts of nutrition surveys. It helps to determine the type and quantity of food consumed, assessing the balance of the diet, the relationship between nutrient intake and health, diseases, and economic status, culture society... There are many methods to investigate food consumption. 24-hour food record is a method that record all food consumed by the subject during previous 24 hours. Using this method in chidren helps to assess the their diet to see if it responses the demand in order to have proper nutrition. Objectives: 1. Calculating the number of each food groups consumed within 24 hours of children 1 to 5 years in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue City; 2. Assessing the quality of their diet and some related factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was implemented on 200 pairs of children aged 1 to 5 and parents or caregivers living in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue city and some related factors. Results: 82% of the children’s diets covered 4 food groups. Prevalence of glucide, protein, lipide out of the total energy intake were 44.1%, 19.5%, 36.3% respectively within group of 12-<48 months and 50%, 19.5%, 30.6% respectively within group of 48-<72 months. Total energy and protein intake were higher than demanded (p <0.05) while glucide and lipide were lower than demanded (p <0.05). Economical status of family was significant associated with variety of food (all 4 food groups) in the diet of children (p <0.05) and total energy consumed (p <0.05). Conclusion: The children did not have proper nutrition so further research need to be implemented to have suitable interventions. Key words: 24 hours food records, children aged 1 to 5, Hue city.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and associated factors in orphan children aged 6–59 months in Gambella Southwest, Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045892
Author(s):  
Solomon Feleke ◽  
Gudina Egata ◽  
Firehiwot Mesfin ◽  
Gizachew Yilak ◽  
Abebaw Molla
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orphaned Children ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Children Under 5

ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and associated factors in orphaned children under 5 years old.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingGambella City, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA sample of 419 under 5 orphaned children included in the study. Eligible households with orphans had selected using a systematic random sampling method. The lottery method was used when more than one eligible study participants live in the household. An OR with 95% CI was performed to measure the strength of association between each dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with p<0.05 were declared statistically significant.Primary outcomeThe main outcome of this study was the prevalence of undernutrition among orphaned under 5 and its associated factors.ResultsPrevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight in orphan children under 5 were 12.2%, 37.8% and 21.7%, respectively. The prevalnce of wasting peaks among age group of 36–47 months (42.5%), whereas underweight peaks in 48–59 months (27.7%). Food insecurity, wealth index, family size, vitamin A supplementation, diarrhoea, fever 2 weeks before the survey, children under 5 and parents’ death were associated with undernutrition.ConclusionThe prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight among orphan children under 5 was significantly high. Multisectoral collaborative efforts towards access to health services, improving income-generating activities, micronutrient supplementation and social support and protection targeting orphan and vulnerable populations have to be built up.

scholarly journals Association of breastfeeding and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in postmenopausal parous women: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2010 ~ 2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jusuk Lee ◽  
Taehong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Understanding the relationship between breastfeeding (BF) and metabolic syndrome (Mets) is important for maternal long-term health benefits and disease prevention. This study aimed to examine the association between BF and Mets and its components among postmenopausal parous Korean women. Methods This cross-sectional study on 10,356 Korean women used nationally representative data from the KNHANES from 2010 to 2016. Anthropometric, laboratory data and manual BP were measured. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association of BF with Mets and its components after adjusting for potential confounding variables. A p-value < 0.05 was to be considered statistically significant. Results Mets was present in 42% of the study participants. The BF group had low household income and education level. The prevalence of Mets in the BF group was higher than that in the non-BF group (42.69% vs. 34.76%, p <  0.001). BF was associated with increased risk of Mets (odds ratio [OR]: 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.65, p <  0.001). The BF group was at higher risks for diabetes (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.14–1.98), hypertension (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03–1.68), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02–1.99) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.06–1.65). Conclusion In this study, BF did not affect decreasing the prevalence of Mets and its components.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Young Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2153
Author(s):  
José Andrade Louzado ◽  
Matheus Lopes Cortes ◽  
Márcio Galvão Oliveira ◽  
Vanessa Moraes Bezerra ◽  
Sóstenes Mistro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Assess Quality

Background: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the quality of life of young workers of a Social Work of Industry Unit. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 1270 workers. Data were collected using a digital questionnaire built on the KoBoToolbox platform that included the EUROHIS-QOL eight-item index to assess quality of life. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical variables were considered explanatory. The associations were analyzed using the ordinal logistic regression model at a 5% significance level. Results: Men and women had a mean quality of life of 31.1 and 29.4, respectively. Workers that rated their health as “very good” had an odds ratio of 7.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.17–10.81), and those who rated it as “good” had an odds ratio of 2.9 (95% CI = 2.31–3.77). Both these groups of workers were more likely to have higher levels of quality of life as compared to workers with “regular”, “poor”, or “very poor” self-rated health. Physically active individuals were 30% more likely to have higher levels of quality of life (odds ratio = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.08–1.65). After adjusting the model by gender, age group, marital status, socioeconomic class, self-rated health, nutritional status, and risky alcohol consumption, the odds ratio of active individuals remained stable (odds ratio = 1.3; 95% CI = 1.05–1.66). Conclusions: In the present study, self-rated health, physical activity, and gender were associated with young workers’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of pregnant women towards preeclampsia and its associated factors in South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a multi‐center facility‐based cross‐sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maru Mekie ◽  
Dagne Addisu ◽  
Minale Bezie ◽  
Abenezer Melkie ◽  
Dejen Getaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
South Gondar

Abstract Background Preeclampsia has the greatest impact on maternal mortality which complicates nearly a tenth of pregnancies worldwide. It is one of the top five maternal mortality causes and responsible for 16 % of direct maternal death in Ethiopia. Little is known about the level of knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia in Ethiopia. This study was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia and its associated factors in South Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A multicenter facility-based cross-sectional study was implemented in four selected hospitals of South Gondar Zone among 423 pregnant women. Multistage random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select the study sites and the study participants respectively. Data were entered in EpiData version 3.1 while cleaned and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Adjusted odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval were used to identify the significance of the association between the level of knowledge on preeclampsia and its predictors. Results In this study, 118 (28.8 %), 120 (29.3 %) of the study participants had good knowledge and a positive attitude towards preeclampsia respectively. The likelihood of having good knowledge on preeclampsia was found to be low among women with no education (AOR = 0.22, 95 % CI (0.06, 0.85)), one antenatal care visit (ANC) (AOR = 0.13, 95 % CI (0.03, 0.59)). Whereas, those who booked for ANC in the first trimester (AOR = 6.59, 95 % CI (1.43, 30.33)), gave the last birth at a health facility (AOR = 2.61, 955 CI (1.03, 6.61)), and experienced a complication during previous births (AOR = 3.67, 95 % CI (1.78, 7.57)) were more likely to be knowledgeable on preeclampsia. Conclusions No formal education and not attending four ANC visits were associated with poor knowledge of preeclampsia. While participants who visited health facilities during the first trimester, who gave birth at health facilities, and those who experienced a complication in previous births were more likely to be knowledgeable on preeclampsia. Improving the numbers of ANC visits and encouraging facility delivery are important measures to improve women’s knowledge on preeclampsia. Health education regarding preeclampsia risk factors, symptoms, and complications shall be emphasized.

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