scholarly journals Infant Cognitive Development Trajectory and Middle Childhood and Adolescent Development Outcomes: A Chinese Birth Cohort Study (P11-144-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghai Zhu ◽  
Yue Cheng ◽  
Qii Qi ◽  
Shaoru Li ◽  
Mohamed Elhoumeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Objectives To identify developmental trajectories of infant cognitive, examine its predictors, and associations with long-term outcomes at middle childhood and adolescence. Methods The data were obtained from a prospective birth cohort in 1388 infants born to women who participated in a randomized trial of antenatal micronutrient supplementation in China. Cognitive development was assessed six times from 3 to 30 months of age using Bayley Scales of Infant Development, and at middle childhood and adolescence using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to identify cognitive z-score developmental trajectories during the first two years of life. Multinomial logistic regression and generalized estimating equations models were performed to examine its predictors and associations with long-term outcomes, respectively. Results Four distinct cognitive developmental trajectories were identified: 1) “Subgroup 1: Start below average-then decrease” (3.2%), 2) “Subgroup 2: Start below average-then increase” (10.2%), 3) “Subgroup 3: Consistently average” (40.3%), and 4) “Subgroup 4: Consistently above average” (46.3%). Compared with Subgroup 4, per grade increase of maternal education reduced risk of being in Subgroup 1 by 73% (95% CI 0.54, 0.84); and small-for-gestational age birth and low birth weight were associated with 4.94 times (95% CI 2.16, 11.33) and 10.60 times (95% CI 3.57, 31.49) risk of being in Subgroup 1. Consuming antenatal multiple micronutrients ≥ 180 days (versus < 180 days of iron and/or folic acid) had an 84% (95% CI -.07, 0.98) reduced risk of being in Subgroup 1 and a 63% (95% CI 0.10, 0.84) reduced risk of being in Subgroup 2. Statistical differences in trajectories early in childhood persisted through middle childhood and early adolescence. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of promoting interventions as early as possible. Integration of nutritional and educational interventions to address multiple health and development domains is necessary to reduce the risk of suboptimal developmental outcomes across the life course. Funding Sources The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and China Scholarship Council.

A long-term evaluation of Facebook for recruitment and retention in the ENDIA type 1 diabetes pregnancy-birth cohort study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J McGorm ◽  
James David Brown ◽  
Rebecca Louise Thomson ◽  
Helena Oakey ◽  
Belinda Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Recruitment And Retention

BACKGROUND Recruitment and retention of research participants is challenging. Social media, particularly Facebook, has emerged as a tool for connecting with participants due to its high uptake in the community. The Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) study is an Australia-wide prospective pregnancy-birth cohort following children who have a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes (ACTRN1261300794707). A dedicated Facebook page was established for the ENDIA study in 2013 with the aim to enhance recruitment and support participant retention. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the long-term impact of Facebook as a recruitment and retention tool. The hypotheses were that (1) Facebook was an important source of referral to the ENDIA study, (2) the sociodemographic characteristics of participants recruited by Facebook would be different from those of participants recruited by other means (i.e., ‘conventional recruits’), and (3) recruitment by Facebook would be associated with long-term retention. We also evaluated the most effective types of Facebook content based on post engagement. METHODS Recruitment of 1511 ENDIA participants was completed in December 2019. Characteristics of participants recruited through Facebook were compared to conventional recruits using linear, logistic, and multinomial logistic regression models. A logistic regression model was used to determine the risk of study withdrawal. Data pertaining to 794 Facebook posts over 7.5 years from June 2013 until December 2020 were extracted using the Facebook ‘Insights’ function for thematic analysis. RESULTS Facebook was the third largest source of referral to the ENDIA study (300/1511; 19.9%) behind in-person clinics (500/1511, 33.1%) and healthcare professional referrals (347/1511, 23.0%). The ENDIA Facebook page had 2337 followers at the close of recruitment. Approximately 20% of these could be identified as participating parents. Facebook recruits were more frequently Australian-born (P<.001) enrolling postnatally (P=.01) and withdrew from the study at a significantly lower rate compared to conventional recruits (4.7% vs 12.3%; P<.001) after a median of follow-up of 3.3 years. CONCLUSIONS Facebook was a valuable recruitment tool for the ENDIA study and participants recruited through Facebook were three times less likely to withdraw during long-term follow-up. The sociodemographic characteristics of Facebook recruits were different to conventional recruits, but perhaps in unintended ways. Facebook content featuring stories and images of participants received the highest engagement despite the fact that most Facebook followers were not enrolled in the study. These findings should inform social media strategies for future cohort studies involving pregnant women and young families, and for type 1 diabetes risk studies. CLINICALTRIAL Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN1261300794707 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-124

scholarly journals Early life and socio-economic determinants of dietary trajectories in infancy and early childhood – results from the HSHK birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendar Manohar ◽  
Andrew Hayen ◽  
Loc Do ◽  
Jane Scott ◽  
Sameer Bhole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

Abstract Background Early childhood is a period when dietary behaviours are established. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal intake of core and discretionary foods and identify early life and socio-economic factors influencing those intakes. Methods Mother-infant dyads (n = 934) from the Healthy Smiles Healthy Kids study, an ongoing birth cohort study, were interviewed. The information on ‘weekly frequency of core and discretionary foods intake’ using a food frequency questionnaire was collected at 4 months, 8 months, 1 year, 2 years and 3 years age points. Group-based trajectory modelling analyses were performed to identify diet trajectories for ‘core’ and ‘discretionary’ foods respectively. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the maternal and child-related predictors of resulting trajectories. Results The intake of core and discretionary foods each showed distinct quadratic (n = 3) trajectories with age. Overall, core foods intake increased rapidly in the first year of life, followed by a decline after age two, whereas discretionary foods intake increased steadily across the five age points. Multiparity (Relative Risk (RR): 0.46, 95%CI: 0.27–0.77), non-English speaking ethnicity of mother (RR: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.47–0.91) and having a single mother (RR: 0.40, 95%CI: 0.18–0.85) were associated with low trajectories of core foods intake whereas older maternal age (RR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01–1.08) and longer breastfeeding duration (RR: 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00–1.03) were associated with higher trajectories of core foods intake. Also, multiparity (RR 2.63, 95%CI: 1.47–4.70), low maternal education (RR 3.01, 95%CI: 1.61–5.65), and socio-economic disadvantage (RR 2.69, 95%CI: 1.31–5.55) were associated with high trajectories of discretionary foods intake. Conversely, longer duration of breastfeeding (RR 0.99, 95%CI: 0.97–0.99), and timely introduction of complementary foods (RR 0.30, 95%CI: 0.15–0.61) had a protective effect against high discretionary foods consumption in infancy and early childhood. Conclusion Children’s frequency of discretionary foods intake increases markedly as they transition from infancy to preschool age, and the trajectories of intake established during early childhood are strongly influenced by socio-demographic factors and infant feeding choices. Hence, there is a need for targeted strategies to improve nutrition in early childhood and ultimately prevent the incidence of chronic diseases in children.

Long-term outcomes of pneumococcal meningitis in childhood and adolescence

2011 ◽  
Vol 170 (8) ◽  
pp. 997-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Christie ◽  
Russell M. Viner ◽  
Kyle Knox ◽  
Pietro G. Coen ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Long Term Outcomes

Nature, Nurture, and Cognitive Development from 1 to 16 Years: A Parent-Offspring Adoption Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Plomin ◽  
David W. Fulker ◽  
Robin Corley ◽  
John C DeFries
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Adoption Study ◽  
Biological Parents

Children increasingly resemble their parents in cognitive abilities from infancy through adolescence Results obtained from a 20-year longitudinal adoption study of 245 adopted children and their biological and adoptive parents, as well as 245 matched nonadoptive (control) parents and offspring, show that this increasing resemblance is due to genetic factors Adopted children resemble their adoptive parents slightly in early childhood but not at all in middle childhood or adolescence In contrast, during childhood and adolescence, adopted children become more like their biological parents, and to the same degree as children and parents in control families Although these results were strongest for general cognitive ability and verbal ability similar results were found for other specific cognitive abilities—spatial ability, speed of processing, and recognition memory These findings indicate that within this population, genes that stably affect cognitive abilities in adulthood do not all come into play until adolescence and that environmental factors that contribute to cognitive development are not correlated with parents' cognitive ability

Accelerated longitudinal comparisons of aggressive versus delinquent syndromes

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE STANGER ◽  
THOMAS M. ACHENBACH ◽  
FRANK C. VERHULST
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Developmental Courses ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Dutch Children

Accelerated longitudinal analyses revealed both similarities and differences between the developmental trajectories of empirically based aggressive versus delinquent syndromes in childhood and adolescence. Syndromes were scored from standardized ratings obtained from parents five times at 2-year intervals for seven birth cohorts of Dutch children initially assessed at ages 4 to 10 years. Scores for both the aggressive and delinquent syndromes declined from ages 4 to 10. After about age 10 years, scores for the aggressive syndrome continued to decline, but scores for the delinquent syndrome increased until about age 17. The aggressive syndrome was significantly more stable than the delinquent syndrome. Long-term predictive correlations between matched subjects from different cohorts were as high as predictive correlations between scores obtained by the same subjects, thus supporting the validity of accelerated longitudinal analyses. The results highlight important developmental distinctions between aggressive versus delinquent conduct problems. Failure to distinguish between aggressive and delinquent conduct problems could generate misleading conclusions about their respective developmental courses and limit the generalizability of results.

The Five Factor Model of Personality and Consequential Outcomes in Childhood and Adolescence

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip De Fruyt ◽  
Barbara De Clercq ◽  
Marleen De Bolle
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Short And Long Term

The validity of the Five Factor Model (FFM) to describe personality differences in childhood and adolescence is well established. Personality differences can be reliably assessed in children and adolescents, and available research converges on the validity of the FFM as the predominant model to provide a comprehensive and manageable account of these notable differences. In addition, there is strong agreement that personality traits in childhood/adolescence are related to a broad range of short- and long-term consequential outcomes, underscoring their utility in research and assessment. The aims of the present chapter are threefold: first, to review FFM measures developed for children and adolescents; second, to discuss parallels and dissimilarities obtained with adults; and finally to summarize the significance and validity of the model in gaining an understanding of a broad series of outcomes, including interpersonal relationships, psychopathology, health and well-being, learning and learning outcomes, and long-term outcomes manifested in adulthood.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: the Jundiaí Zika cohort (JZC), a pregnancy and birth cohort in São Paulo state, Brazil

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e027947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Sanchez Clemente ◽  
Manoela Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Pascalicchio ◽  
Rosa Estela Gazeta ◽  
Danila Vedovello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

PurposeThe Jundiaí Zika Cohort (JZC) is a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort setup in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, to investigate the epidemic of cases of microcephaly and other neurological disorders, presumed to be associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection.ParticipantsA total of 748 women with high-risk pregnancies were recruited in the period of March 2016 to August 2017.Findings to dateBaseline sociodemographic and medical data were collected at recruitment from 737 pregnant women. Biological samples (ie, blood, saliva and urine) were collected from 695 of the pregnant women (94.3%), of whom 53 (7.6%) were ZIKV-positive on subsequent testing by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in urine. Biological sample (ie, blood, saliva, urine and cerebrospinal fluid) were collected within 10 days of birth from 409 (57.4%) of the liveborn infants, of whom 19 (4.6%) were ZIKV-positive on subsequent testing by RT-PCR in urine. All remaining biological specimens, as well as colostrum, umbilical cord and placental samples, have been stored in a secure biorepository. Antenatal and postnatal imaging studies and neonatal anthropometry were carried out.Future plansThe JZC provides a unique data set which will continue to be explored to study the effects of pregnancy comorbidities on Zika virus infection during pregnancy, the long-term outcomes of children with congenital Zika infection and how physiotherapy and group interventions can improve outcomes for congenitally-infected children. All women in the cohort have reached the end of their pregnancy and currently the oldest children are 2 years old. The study will continue until all the children reach their third birthday (April 2021).

scholarly journals Long-term outcomes after radical or partial nephrectomy for T1a renal cell carcinoma: A population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhur Nayan ◽  
Olli Saarela ◽  
Keith Lawson ◽  
Lisa Martin ◽  
Maria Komisarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Reduced Risk

Introduction: The benefit of partial nephrectomy (PN) compared to radical nephrectomy (RN) for T1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains uncertain, with observational studies conflicting with level 1 evidence. Therefore, the purpose of this population-based study was to compare long-term outcomes in patients undergoing PN or RN for T1a RCC. Methods: We studied 5670 patients in Ontario, Canada undergoing PN or RN for T1a RCC. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes were cancer-specific survival (CSS), chronic kidney disease (CKD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and myocardial infarction (MI). We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to evaluate the association between PN or RN and these outcomes. A sensitivity analysis was performed in patients with a preoperative serum creatinine available. Results: Median followup was 77 months. Compared to RN, PN was associated with significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63–0.84), reduced risk of CKD (HR 0.18; 95% CI 0.12–0.27) and improved CSS (HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.30–0.65). The risk of myocardial infarction was not significantly different between groups (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.62–1.34). Few patients (n=15) required renal replacement therapy. In the sensitivity analysis, the association between type of surgery and OS and CKD persisted, while the association with CSS did not. Conclusions: Our study found that in patients undergoing surgery for T1a RCC, PN was associated with improved OS and reduced risk of CKD compared to RN. However, few patients in either group developed ESRD requiring renal replacement therapy.

scholarly journals Early life cognitive development trajectories and intelligence quotient in middle childhood and early adolescence in rural western China

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghai Zhu ◽  
Suying Chang ◽  
Yue Cheng ◽  
Qi Qi ◽  
Shaoru Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Western China ◽  
Trajectory Group ◽  
Development Trajectories

AbstractThe relationship of cognitive developmental trajectories during the dynamic first years with later life development outcomes remains unclear in low- and middle-income countries. 1388 Children born to women who participated in a randomized trial of antenatal micronutrient supplementation in rural China were prospectively followed. Cognitive development was assessed six times between 3 and 30 months of age using Bayley Scales of Infant Development, and then in mid-childhood (7–9 years) and early adolescence (10–12 years) using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. We identified four distinct infant cognitive development trajectory subgroups using group-based trajectory modeling: (i) consistently above average, (ii) consistently average, (iii) started below average and then improved, and (iv) started below average and then declined. LBW infants (<2500 g) were 10.60 times (95% CI 3.57, 31.49) more likely to be in the trajectory group that started below average and then declined, while each grade increase in maternal education decreased the risk of being in this group by 73% (95% CI 54%, 84%). Infants who performed consistently above average had 8.02 (95% CI 1.46, 14.59) points higher IQ in adolescence versus the declining trajectory group. These findings suggest that interventions to improve early child development trajectories may produce long-term human capital benefits.

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