Diet-related Behaviors Are Associated with Energy Intake and Body Weight Loss During a Sustained Military Training Exercise (P16-012-19)

Abstract Objectives Sustained negative energy balance during military operations contributes to degradations in physical and cognitive performance. Characterizing the diet-related behaviors and nutrition knowledge of Soldiers who self-select higher energy intakes during military operations may identify strategies for promoting energy balance. This study aimed to identify diet-related behaviors of Soldiers who self-selected higher energy intakes during a simulated military operation. Methods Dietary intake and body weight were measured daily in 54 Soldiers (91% male, BMI 25 ± 4 kg/m2, 25 ± 4 yr) participating in a 3-d military exercise. During the exercise, Soldiers were provided with military rations (2787–3003 kcal/d), and in some cases consumed items from home or mobile catering. Food frequency and nutrition knowledge questionnaires were completed before the exercise to assess diet quality by HEI-2010 total score and nutrition knowledge, respectively, and questionnaires assessing eating behaviors during the exercise were completed daily and after the exercise. Associations between diet quality, nutrition knowledge, and diet-related behaviors with 1) daily energy intake (EI) and 2) weight loss (∆BW) were determined by backwards elimination multiple linear regression. Results EI (mean ± SD: 1947 ± 627 kcal/d) and ∆BW (−1.4 ± 1.2%) during the exercise were not correlated. After adjusting for baseline BMI, EI was associated with diet quality (β ± SE: 17 ±9 kcal/d, P = 0.07) and eating frequency (170 ± 86 kcal/d, P = 0.06) and more often intentionally eating foods to improve performance (−389 ± 207 kcal/d, P = 0.07) during the exercise (R2 = 0.27, P = 0.03). In contrast, greater ∆BW was associated only with more often “not allowing myself to eat” certain foods during the exercise (R2 = 0.11; −0.8 ± 0.4%, P = 0.04). Nutrition knowledge was not a significant predictor in either model. Conclusions Findings suggest that self-selected energy intake and body weight loss during military operations may be associated with habitual adherence to healthier dietary patterns and conscious decisions regarding what and how often to eat and/or drink during operations, but not with general nutrition knowledge. Funding Sources U.S. Army Medical Research & Materiel Command; US Army Natick Research, Development, & Engineering Center. Disclaimer: Authors’ views do not reflect official DoD policy.

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Factors influencing energy intake and body weight loss after gastric bypass

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601357 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 551-556 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

E Bobbioni-Harsch ◽

O Huber ◽

Ph Morel ◽

G Chassot ◽

T Lehmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Factors Influencing

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Changes in Weight and Substrate Oxidation in Overweight Adults Following Isomaltulose Intake During a 12-Week Weight Loss Intervention: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102367 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2367 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lightowler ◽

Schweitzer ◽

Theis ◽

Henry

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Fat Oxidation ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Double Blind ◽

Body Weight Reduction

Low-glycemic compared to high-glycemic diets have been shown to improve metabolic status and enhance fat oxidation. The randomized, double-blind, controlled intervention study aimed to evaluate the effects of an energy-reduced diet containing isomaltulose (ISO, Palatinose™) versus sucrose (SUC) on body weight loss. Sixty-four healthy overweight/obese adults were allocated to consume either 40g/d ISO or SUC added to an energy-reduced diet for 12 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, and energy metabolism were assessed at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Fifty participants (age: 40.7 ± 11.7 y; BMI: 29.4 ± 2.7 kg/m²) completed the study. During the 12 weeks, both groups significantly lost weight (p < 0.001), which was more pronounced following ISO (−3.2 ± 2.9 vs. −2.1 ± 2.6 kg; p = 0.258). Moreover, for participants in the ISO group, this was accompanied by a significant reduction in fat mass (ISO: −1.9 ± 2.5, p = 0.005; SUC: −0.9 ± 2.6%, p = 0.224). The overall decrease in energy intake was significantly higher in the ISO compared to that in the SUC group (p = 0.022). In addition, breakfast containing ISO induced a significantly lower increase in postprandial respiratory quotient (RQ) (mean incremental area under the curve (iAUC)2h for ISO vs. SUC: 4.8 ± 4.1 vs. 6.9 ± 3.1, p = 0.047). The results suggest that ISO in exchange for SUC may help to facilitate body weight reduction, lower postprandial RQ associated with higher fat oxidation, and reduce energy intake.

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Self-Reported Nutritional Factors Are Associated with Weight Loss at 18 Months in a Self-Managed Commercial Program with Food Categorization System: Observational Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051733 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1733

Author(s):

Ellen S. Mitchell ◽

Qiuchen Yang ◽

Annabell S. Ho ◽

Heather Behr ◽

Christine N. May ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Food Choice ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

High Energy ◽

Nutrition Knowledge ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Nutritional Factors ◽

Commercial Program

Little is known about nutritional factors during weight loss on digital commercial weight loss programs. We examined how nutritional factors relate to weight loss for individuals after 4 and 18 months on a mobile commercial program with a food categorization system based on energy density (Noom). This is a two-part (retrospective and cross-sectional) cohort study. Two time points were used for analysis: 4 months and 18 months. For 4-month analyses, current Noom users who met inclusion criteria (n = 9880) were split into 5% or more body weight loss and stable weight loss (0 ± 1%) groups. Individuals who fell into one of these groups were analyzed at 4 months (n = 3261). For 18-month analyses, individuals from 4-month analyses who were still on Noom 18 months later were invited to take a one-time survey (n = 803). At 18 months 148 participants were analyzed. Noom has a system categorizing foods as low-, medium-, and high-energy-dense. Measures were self-reported proportions of low-, medium-, and high-energy-dense foods, and self-reported nutritional factors (fruit and vegetable intake, dietary quality, nutrition knowledge, and food choice). Nutritional factors were derived from validated survey measures, and food choice from a novel validated computerized task in which participants chose a food they would want to eat right now. ANOVAs compared participants with 5% or more body weight loss and participants with stable weight (0 ± 1%) at 4 months on energy density proportions. Analyses at 18 months compared nutritional factors across participants with >10% (high weight loss), 5–10% (moderate weight loss), and less than 5% body weight loss (low weight loss), and then assessed associations between nutritional factors and weight loss. Individuals with greater weight loss reported consuming higher proportions of low-energy-dense foods and lower proportions of high-energy-dense foods than individuals with less weight loss at 4 months and 18 months (all ps < 0.02). Individuals with greater weight loss had higher fruit and vegetable intake (p = 0.03), dietary quality (p = 0.02), nutrition knowledge (p < 0.001), and healthier food choice (p = 0.003) at 18 months. Only nutrition knowledge and food choice were associated with weight loss at 18 months (B = −19.44, 95% CI: −33.19 to −5.69, p = 0.006; B = −5.49, 95% CI: −8.87 to −2.11, p = 0.002, respectively). Our results highlight the potential influence of nutrition knowledge and food choice in weight loss on a self-managed commercial program. We also found for the first time that in-the-moment inclination towards food even when just depicted is associated with long-term weight loss.

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LEAN BODY WEIGHT LOSS DURING MILITARY TRAINING AT AN ALTITUDE OF 2700 M

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-199805001-01357 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 239

Author(s):

J. E. Reading ◽

D. E. Roberts ◽

E. W. Askew ◽

K. E. Schneider ◽

W. K. Prusaczyk

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Military Training ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Lean Body Weight

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Relationships between energy balance and post-partum ovarian activity and fertility in first lactation dairy cows

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800014260 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 17-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

E. M. Senatore ◽

W. R. Butler ◽

P. A. Oltenacu

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Post Partum ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Negative Energy ◽

Ovarian Activity ◽

Subsequent Fertility

AbstractForty primiparous Holstein dairy cows were monitored from calving through 100 days in milk to evaluate the effect of energy balance in the early post-partum period on subsequent fertility. The post-partum interval to first ovulation (R2 = 0·41; P < 0·005) was lengthened by greater negative energy balance, and reduced by greater body weight at parturition or decreased body-weight loss during the experimental period. Luteal activity (R2 = 0·58; P < 0·0001), measured by plasma progesterone area under curve, was increased in the first cycle post partum by a shorter interval to first ovulation, improved energy balance during the 1st week of lactation and by decreased body-weight loss. Pregnancy status following first artificial insemination was related positively to the number of ovulations before insemination, improved energy balance during the 1st month post partum, fewer days to first ovulation and greater body weight at calving. These data suggest that energy balance and body weight are important in determining the post-partum interval to first ovulation and the subsequent fertility of first lactation dairy cotes.

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Determinants favoring weight regain after weight-loss therapy among postmenopausal women

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-74302-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Joanna Bajerska ◽

Agata Chmurzynska ◽

Agata Muzsik-Kazimierska ◽

Edyta Mądry ◽

Beata Pięta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Weight Regain ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Point Of View ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Before And After

Abstract Little is known about the factors affecting body weight-loss maintenance among postmenopausal women. We thus performed an analysis to identify some sociodemographic, physiological, and behavioral predictors of weight regain in a targeted subpopulation of women who had lost weight 1 year earlier. We also measured how eating behaviors and habits as well as physical activity pattern differ among successful and unsuccessful weight-loss maintainers over the trial. Sixty-four postmenopausal women were followed up for a year after dieting, and the successful and unsuccessful maintainers were identified. The regainers had regained an average of 4.9 kg of their lost body weight, while the maintainers had regained only 1.5 kg. Regainers had fewer years of education and lower initial body weight loss than maintainers. They also showed poor dietary adherence during dieting, and had unhealthy patterns of eating involving the avoidance of breakfast and a lower intake of nuts, seeds, and pulses, and a higher intake of sweets, biscuits, cakes, and pastries over time (excluding the dieting period). All the significant sociodemographic, physiological and behavioral variables differentiating regainers and maintainers before and after dieting were then examined as independent variables in a logistic regression model. The model showed that less weight reduction during dieting, higher disinhibition scores after dieting, and avoidance of breakfast before dieting were significant predictors of body weight regain in postmenopausal women. From a practical point of view, early identification of postmenopausal women who are at risk of regaining lost weight can allow health professionals to create behavioral and dietary supports to help prevent this. A regular schedule of follow-ups over at least the first year should be considered for them—including psychological and dietary intervention, if necessary. Since this sample study included only postmenopausal women, our findings are not generalizable to other populations.

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Olanzapine Administration Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea Behavior in Rats

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/10998004211000443 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109980042110004

Author(s):

Rosario B. Jaime-Lara ◽

Tito Borner ◽

Ruby A. Holland ◽

Evan Shaulson ◽

Brianna Brooks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Side Effects ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Food Intake ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Behavioral Experiments ◽

Mrna Expression Levels

Nausea and vomiting are consistently identified among the most distressing side effects of chemotherapy. In recent years, Olanzapine (OLZ) treatment was added to anti-emetic guidelines as a treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), despite little available data supporting a mechanism behind the positive benefits of the drug. Here, we examine whether OLZ reduces cisplatin chemotherapy-induced side effects on food intake and pica behavior in rats (i.e., kaolin intake, a proxy for nausea/emesis). Behavioral experiments tested whether systemic or hindbrain administration of OLZ ameliorated cisplatin-induced pica, anorexia, and body weight loss in rats. We also tested whether systemic OLZ reduces cisplatin-induced neuronal activation in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC), a hindbrain region controlling emesis. Lastly, given their role in regulating feeding and emesis, circulating ghrelin levels and central mRNA expression levels of serotonin (HT) receptor subunits, including 5-HT2C, were measured in brain regions that regulate CINV and energy balance in an exploratory analysis to investigate potential mediators of OLZ action. Our results show that both systemic and hindbrain administration of OLZ attenuated cisplatin-induced kaolin intake and body weight loss, but not anorexia. Systemic OLZ decreased cisplatin-induced c-Fos immunofluorescence in the DVC and prevented cisplatin-induced reductions in circulating ghrelin levels. IP OLZ also blocked cisplatin-induced increases in Htr2c expression in DVC and hypothalamic micropunches. These data suggest hindbrain exposure to OLZ is sufficient to induce reductions in cisplatin-induced pica and that central serotonergic signaling, via 5-HT2C, and changes in circulating ghrelin may be potential mediators of olanzapine anti-emetic action.

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Food group preferences and energy balance in moderately obese postmenopausal women subjected to brisk walking program

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2014-0453 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 741-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sophie Garnier ◽

Karine Vallée ◽

Sophie Lemoine-Morel ◽

Sandra Joffroy ◽

Vicky Drapeau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Balance ◽

Total Energy ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Food Group ◽

Walking Program ◽

Dietary Record ◽

Group Preferences

The objective of the study was to examine the effects of a 16-week walking program on food group preferences and energy balance of sedentary, moderately obese (body mass index, 29–35 kg/m2), postmenopausal Caucasian women, aged 60 ± 5 years old. One hundred and fifty-six volunteers were subjected to 3 sessions/week of 45 min of walking at 60% of heart rate reserve. Total energy intake (TEI) and food group preferences (3-day dietary record), total energy expenditure (TEE, 3-day physical activity diary), cardiorespiratory fitness (2-km walking test), anthropometry, and body composition (bioelectrical impedance) were measured before and after walking. Data were statistically analyzed using an ANOVA with repeated measures on 1 factor (time). The modest increase in TEE of 151 ± 24 kcal/day (p < 0.0001) leads to body weight, fat mass losses, and waist girth reduction (p < 0.0001). TEI remained unchanged despite a slight decrease in carbohydrate intake and a minor increase in protein intake (p < 0.05). Analysis of food records revealed a decreased consumption of fruits (p < 0.05) and sweet and fatty foods (p < 0.01), but an increase in oil consumption (p < 0.0001) after walking. Women with the highest body weight loss showed the greatest reduction in the consumption of fruits, sugar, sweet foods, and fatty foods (p < 0.05). Women with the greatest fat mass loss showed the highest decrease in fatty food intake (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although our walking program changed some food group consumption patterns, body weight loss was primarily because of the increased TEE.

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Energy Economy Hampers Body Weight Loss after Gastric Bypass

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.85.12.7083 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 85 (12) ◽

pp. 4695-4700 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

E. Bobbioni-Harsch ◽

P. Morel ◽

O. Huber ◽

F. Assimacopoulos-Jeannet ◽

G. Chassot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Oxidation Rate ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Oxidation Rates ◽

Energy Economy ◽

The Impact

The impact of energy economy on body weight loss was investigated in 20 obese women, submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Resting energy expenditure (REE), substrate oxidation rates, plasma glucose, free fatty acid, and insulin and leptin levels were measured before and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Predicted REE was obtained from linear regression analysis of REE and fat free mass, in a group of 85 women, whose body mass index ranged between 20 and 60 kg/m2. The deviation from predicted REE, calculated as area under the curve (AUC) over the 12-month period for each patient, was considered as the expression of energy economy. Energy economy AUC was significantly (P < 0.005) negatively related to the weight lost during 12 months after surgery. Energy intake, calculated from self-reported food consumption, was also expressed as AUC. Energy intake AUC showed a significant (P < 0.002) positive correlation with weight loss. Lipid oxidation rate, also calculated as AUC, significantly correlated, negatively, with energy economy (P < 0.001) and, positively, with energy intake (P < 0.002). Preoperative leptin values were significantly (P < 0.01) linked to individual energy economy capacity. In conclusion, after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, energy economy hampers the weight loss process, probably through a low fat oxidation rate.

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