scholarly journals Accuracy of Calorie Perceptions in Individuals Who Are Attempting to Lose Weight (P16-062-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ruiz ◽  
Juan Aguilera ◽  
David A Perez ◽  
Alisha H Redelfs ◽  
Nik Dhurandhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Paso Del Norte

Abstract Objectives Dietary approaches for weight loss are often focused on maintaining a recommended caloric intake aimed at creating an energy deficit. This assumes individuals can accurately estimate caloric content of foods and beverages, yet little is known about the validity of such assumptions. This study assessed the accuracy of calorie perceptions for individual food items and mixed meals in participants who were trying to lose weight (dieters) vs. not trying to lose weight (non-dieters). We hypothesized that dieters would be more accurate at estimating calories in individual food items and mixed meals. Methods A cross-sectional survey assessed calorie perceptions using both visual food displays and written calorie perception questions for 32 foods, beverages, and mixed meals. Participants were asked demographic questions and if they were currently attempting to lose weight. Results A total of 586 participants (18–81y) completed the survey; 63.3% (n = 371) were dieters. The majority of participants were female (n = 389) and Hispanic (n = 425). There were no significant differences between groups in under or overestimation for the majority of foods, beverages, and mixed meals with the exception of red and white wine. A lower percentage of dieters (58.4%) vs. non-dieters (71.4%) underestimated the calories in a glass of white wine (P < 0.01), but a higher percentage of dieters (41.6%) vs. non-dieters (28.6%) overestimated calories in white wine (P < 0.01). There was a similar pattern for red wine (P < 0.05). Conclusions Accuracy of calorie perceptions do not differ between dieters and non-dieters for the majority of items. An inability to accurately estimate calories in foods despite active efforts to lose weight may contribute to limited efficacy of weight loss efforts. Next research questions include whether dieters can be trained to better estimate caloric content of foods, and if that would positively influence weight loss. Funding Sources This study was partially supported by funding from the Paso del Norte Health Foundation.

Patterns and perceived efficacy of herbal medicine for weight loss and maintenance: A cross-sectional survey from Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 101086
Author(s):  
Amal Akour ◽  
Violet Kasabri ◽  
Nailya Bulatova ◽  
Suha Al Muhaissen ◽  
Ruba Al Tarawneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Efficacy

scholarly journals Associations of tobacco smoking with body mass distribution; a population-based study of 65,875 men and women in midlife

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidsel Graff-Iversen ◽  
Stephen Hewitt ◽  
Lisa Forsén ◽  
Liv Grøtvedt ◽  
Inger Ariansen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Never Smokers

Abstract Background Studies indicate an effect of smoking toward abdominal obesity, but few assess hip and waist circumferences (HC and WC) independently. The present study aimed to assess the associations of smoking status and volume smoked with HC and WC and their ratio in a population with low prevalence of obesity together with high prevalence of smoking. Methods We used cross-sectional survey data from 11 of a total 19 Norwegian counties examined in 1997–99 including 65,875 men and women aged 39–44 years. Analysis of associations were adjusted for confounding by socioeconomic position, health indicators, and additionally for BMI. Results Compared with never-smokers, when adjusting for confounders and in addition for BMI, mean HC remained lower while mean WC and waist-hip-ratio (WHR) were higher in current smokers. The finding of a lower HC and higher WHR level among smokers was consistent by sex and in strata by levels of education and physical activity, while the finding of higher WC by smoking was less consistent. Among current smokers, BMI-adjusted mean HC decreased whereas WC and WHR increased by volume smoked. Compared with current smokers, former smokers had higher BMI-adjusted HC, lower WHR and among women WC was lower. Conclusions The main finding in this study was the consistent negative associations of smoking with HC. In line with the hypothesis that lower percentage gluteofemoral fat is linked with higher cardiovascular risk, our results suggest that smoking impacts cardiovascular risk through mechanisms that reduce the capacity of fat storage in the lower body region.

Do Youth Consume More Calories than they Expended in Youth Sports Leagues? An Observational Study of Physical Activity, Snacks, and Beverages

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Natalie Bennion ◽  
Lori Andersen Spruance ◽  
Jay E. Maddock
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: Childhood obesity rates remain high. The youth sports environment is an opportunity to combat obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of beverages/ snacks provided at youth sports and determine associations between energy consumption and expenditure. Methods: This cross-sectional study observed 4 different sports in a youth sports league (N = 189). The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) was used to quantify physical activity. Food environmental scans were used to quantify caloric intake. A t-test was conducted to examine differences between energy consumption and expenditure. We conducted a separate analysis for games that did not offer snacks/beverages. Results: The average energy expenditure was 170.3 calories per game; males were more physically active than females. The average caloric content was 213.3 calories for games that did not offer snacks/beverages and average sugar provided was 26.4 grams per game. The majority of sugar came from sugar-sweetened beverages. Conclusions: Calorie intake was higher than expenditure. Children were consuming more sugar in one game than daily recommendations. Youth sports would benefit from an intervention aimed at the food environment.

scholarly journals Awareness, attitude and ethical concern of dental practitioners about stem cells: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayan Bahabri ◽  
Nevine Taymour ◽  
Mawadh Ali ◽  
Ghada Alahmadi ◽  
Ayman Mandorah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Dental Curriculum

Objective:     To evaluate the level of awareness and attitude among dental practitioners regarding the use of stem cells in dentistry and to determine their knowledge of ethical concerns related to the recent therapy. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted at Taibah University Dental College and Hospital. Medina and at governmental and private dental clinics at the western region of Saudi Arabia. Responses of dental practitioners who completed the survey were recorded between March 2019 and July 2019 without containing any personal identifiers. Level of awareness and attitude and knowledge about ethical issues in relation to stem cell therapy was established. Results: A total of 214 male and female dental practitioners participated in this study and the majority were registered at the Saudi Commission for Health Specialists 128 (59.8%). Dental consultants reported the highest percentage of awareness about dental stem cells (96%, p= 0.005), whereas general dental practitioners (56.2%, p= 0.005) and specialists (52%, p= 0.005), respectively had a lower percentage. When ethical concerns were determined, dental consultants had the highest percentage of knowledge (56%, p= 0.005), whereas dental practitioners (71.2%, p= 0.005) with < 5 years of experience (69.1, p= 0.002) lacked information about related ethical issues. Conclusion: Ways to increase stem cell awareness among dental practitioners in this study recommended including stem cell topics in the dental curriculum and organizing frequent seminars and conferences on this subject.   Keywords Stem cell; Awareness; Ethical; Dental practitioner.

scholarly journals Do emotions related to alcohol consumption differ by alcohol type? An international cross-sectional survey of emotions associated with alcohol consumption and influence on drink choice in different settings

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Ashton ◽  
Mark A Bellis ◽  
Alisha R Davies ◽  
Karen Hughes ◽  
Adam Winstock
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Alcohol Dependency ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

ObjectivesTo examine the emotions associated with drinking different types of alcohol, explore whether these emotions differ by sociodemographics and alcohol dependency and whether the emotions associated with different drink types influence people’s choice of drinks in different settings.DesignInternational cross-sectional opportunistic survey (Global Drug Survey) using an online anonymous questionnaire in 11 languages promoted through newspapers, magazines and social media from November 2015 to January 2016.Study populationIndividuals aged 18–34 years who reported consumption of beer, spirits, red and white wine in the previous 12 months and were resident in countries with more than 200 respondents (n=21 countries; 29 836 respondents).Main outcome measuresPositive and negative emotions associated with consumption of different alcoholic beverages (energised, relaxed, sexy, confident, tired, aggressive, ill, restless and tearful) over the past 12 months in different settings.ResultsAlcoholic beverages vary in the types of emotions individuals report they elicit, with spirits more frequently eliciting emotional changes of all types. Overall 29.8% of respondents reported feeling aggressive when drinking spirits, compared with only 7.1% when drinking red wine (p<0.001). Women more frequently reported feeling all emotions when drinking alcohol, apart from feelings of aggression. Respondents’ level of alcohol dependency was strongly associated with feeling all emotions, with the likelihood of aggression being significantly higher in possible dependent versus low risk drinkers (adjusted OR 6.4; 95% CI 5.79 to 7.09; p<0.001). The odds of feeling the majority of positive and negative emotions also remained highest among dependent drinkers irrespective of setting.ConclusionUnderstanding emotions associated with alcohol consumption is imperative to addressing alcohol misuse, providing insight into what emotions influence drink choice between different groups in the population. The differences identified between sociodemographic groups and influences on drink choice within different settings will aid future public health practice to further comprehend individuals’ drinking patterns and influence behaviour change.

Increased Prevalence of Breakfast Skipping in Female College Students in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952199886
Author(s):  
Miyuki Yokoro ◽  
Keiko Wakimoto ◽  
Naoto Otaki ◽  
Keisuke Fukuo
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Junior College Students

Going outside the house was nationally restricted among countries affected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of breakfast skipping among female college students during the COVID-19 emergency period. The cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 15, 2020, to June 1, 2020, among 164 female junior college students through the online survey using Google Form. Population of breakfast skipping during the emergency (26.7%) was significantly increased compared with that before the emergency (10.9%; P < .001). Interestingly, breakfast skipping during the emergency was a significant independent determinant for ≥1 to 2 kg of weight loss during the emergency (odds ratio = 7.09; 95% confidence interval = 1.88-26.75; P = .004) in participants who did not skip breakfast at the pre-emergency. The prevalence of breakfast skipping during the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly higher than that before the emergency in female college students. Breakfast skipping during the emergency was associated with short-term weight loss.

scholarly journals Weight management barriers and facilitators after breast cancer in Australian women: a national survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Ee ◽  
Adele Elizabeth Cave ◽  
Dhevaksha Naidoo ◽  
Kellie Bilinski ◽  
John Boyages
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Weight Gain Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Weight gain after breast cancer is associated with poorer health outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe how Australian breast cancer survivors are currently managing their weight. Methods: Online cross-sectional survey open to any woman living in Australia who self-identified as having breast cancer, between November 2017 and January 2018. Results: We received 309 responses. Most respondents described their diet as good/excellent and reported moderate-high levels of weight self-efficacy. Despite this, the proportion of overweight/obesity increased from 47% at time of diagnosis to 67% at time of survey. More than three quarters of respondents did not receive any advice on weight gain prevention at the time of diagnosis. 39% of women reported being less active after cancer diagnosis, and and few weight loss interventions were perceived to be effective. Facilitators were structured exercise programs, prescribed diets, and accountability to someone else, while commonly cited barriers were lack of motivation/willpower, fatigue, and difficulty maintaining weight. Women who cited fatigue as a barrier were almost twice as likely to be doing low levels of physical activity (PA) or no PA than women who did not cite fatigue as a barrier. Conclusions: We report high levels of concern about weight gain after BC and significant gaps in service provision around weight gain prevention and weight management. Women with BC should be provided with support for weight gain prevention in the early survivorship phase, which should include structured PA and dietary changes in combination with behavioural change and social support. Weight gain prevention or weight loss programs should address barriers such as fatigue. More research is required on the effectiveness of diet and exercise interventions in BC survivors, particularly with regard to weight gain prevention.

Association between parasitic intestinal infections and acute or chronic diarrhoea in HIV-infected patients in Caracas, Venezuela

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Arenas-Pinto ◽  
G Certad ◽  
G Ferrara ◽  
J Castro ◽  
M A Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Enteric Parasites

A cross sectional survey was conducted to determine the association between enteric parasites and diarrhoea in HIV-infected adults in Caracas. Three hundred and four patients were evaluated: 104 had acute diarrhoea, 113 chronic diarrhoea and 87 were controls. Isopora belli infection was associated with acute ( P = 0.022) and chronic diarrhoea ( P = 0.003), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar infection was also associated with both acute ( P = 0.015) and chronic diarrhoea ( P = 0.017). Strongyloides stercoralis ( P = 0.003), and Cryptosporidium parvum ( P = 0.017) infections were associated mainly with chronic episodes. Weight loss ( P < 0.001), a non-infectious factor investigated, was significantly associated with diarrhoea. Eosinophilia, a laboratory parameter studied, was found to be associated with strongyloidiasis ( P = 0.001), giardiasis ( P = 0.001) and isoporiasis ( P = 0.003). In summary, the presence of enteric parasites in HIV-infected patients from tropical urban areas with diarrhoea, with or without significant weight loss, must be considered. Similarly, eosinophilia might suggest parasitic infection in these patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document