Plasma and Red Cell Cholesterol

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Fels ◽  
Eugene Kanabrocki ◽  
Ervin Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Cortisone Injection ◽  
Fat Feeding

Abstract The experimental production of hypercholesteremia in rabbits by three independent methods—namely, high-fat feeding, cortisone injection, and Tween-80 injection—results in an elevated plasma total cholesterol, whereas the total RBC cholesterol remains constant. Previous work on plasma and red cell cholesterol in humans has been substantiated. Normal total plasma and red cell cholesterol values are 187 ± 32 and 129 ± 20 mg.%, respectively. Elevated plasma total cholesterol occurring in coronary arteriosclerosis, diabetes, nephritis, hypothyroid, Hodgkin's disease, and obesity does not affect the erythrocyte levels. Elevated erythrocyte total cholesterol levels occur in sickle cell and pernicious anemia accompanied by slightly sub-normal plasma levels. A hypothesis is advanced to explain the variability of plasma cholesterol and the relative constancy of red cell cholesterol.

Evidence of age-dependent genetic influences on plasma total cholesterol

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Middelberg ◽  
Andrew C. Heath ◽  
Nicholas G. Martin ◽  
John B. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Genetic Factor ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Genetically Determined

Background Causes of variation in cardiovascular risk factors include biological variation within individuals, and more permanent differences between individuals, which are at least partly genetic in origin. We have compared the magnitude of genetic and non-genetic factors within and across occasions through repeated measures of plasma cholesterol in twin subjects, and have also determined how far the same genes affect cholesterol levels at different ages. Methods Data on plasma total cholesterol were extracted for 208 twin pairs who had provided blood on up to six occasions across a period of 17 years. They were aged 18–30 years at the time of first study and 30–47 at the time of the last. Multivariate models of variation due to genetic, shared environmental and unique environmental factors were fitted to the multi-occasion data and the proportions of variation due to these factors were estimated. Results One genetic factor influenced plasma cholesterol on all occasions and a second genetic factor only influenced cholesterol results on the fifth and sixth occasions 10–17 years after the first. Environmental factors did not have significant long-term effects. Conclusions We conclude that individuals’ long-term mean plasma cholesterol values are strongly genetically determined, but that some of these genes are age-specific in their effects.

Soyasaponins Lowered Plasma Cholesterol and Increased Fecal Bile Acids in Female Golden Syrian Hamsters

2005 ◽  
Vol 230 (7) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Ok Lee ◽  
Andrean L. Simons ◽  
Patricia A. Murphy ◽  
Suzanne Hendrich
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Fecal Bile Acids ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cholesterol Status

A study was conducted in hamsters to determine if group B soyasaponins improve plasma cholesterol status by increasing the excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols, to identify group B soyasaponin metabolites, and to investigate the relationship between a fecal group B soyasaponin metabolite and plasma lipids. Twenty female golden Syrian hamsters, 11–12 weeks old and 85–125 g, were randomly assigned to a control diet or a similar diet containing group B soyasaponins (containing no isoflavones), 2.2 mmol/kg, for 4 weeks. Hamsters fed group B soyasaponins had significantly lower plasma total cholesterol (by 20%), non–high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (by 33%), and triglycerides (by 18%) compared with those fed casein (P < 0.05). The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol was significantly lower (by 13%) in hamsters fed group B soyasaponins than in those fed casein (P < 0.05). The excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols was significantly greater (by 105% and 85%, respectively) in soyasaponin-fed hamsters compared with those fed casein (P < 0.05). Compared with casein, group B soyasaponins lowered plasma total cholesterol levels and non-HDL cholesterol levels by a mechanism involving greater excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols. Hamsters fed group B soyasaponins statistically clustered into two fecal soyasaponin metabolite–excretion phenotypes: high excreters (n = 3) and low excreters (n = 7). When high and low producers of this soyasaponin metabolite were compared for plasma cholesterol status, the high producers showed a significantly lower total-cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio compared with the low producers (1.38 ± 0.7 vs. 1.59 ± 0.13; P < 0.03). Greater production of group B soyasaponin metabolite in hamsters was associated with better plasma cholesterol status, suggesting that gut microbial variation in soyasaponin metabolism may influence the health effects of group B soyasaponins.

An Ultramicro Method for the Estimation of Plasma Cholesterol

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
G S Duboff ◽  
W W Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Estrogen Activity ◽  
Finger Tip ◽  
Consequent Increase ◽  
Similar Decrease

Abstract A procedure is outlined for the ultramicro determination of total cholesterol that gives results in excellent agreement with classic methods. The determination requires 40 µl. of plasma obtained from a finger-tip puncture and special handling of precipitated proteins. By the use of the described procedure plasma cholesterol levels have been estimated 4 times daily over a period of 8 weeks in young men undergoing rigorous physical training and 3 times daily in women during the menstrual cycle. A striking fall in total plasma cholesterol was observed in men following physical conditioning in contrast to controls, and a similar decrease was observed in women with normal menstrual cycles in contrast to women with an anovulatory menses. It is suggested that the total cholesterol decrease in the female coincides with the phase in the menstrual cycle when estrogen activity is maximal and that the lowering of total cholesterol in men, following physical conditioning, may be due to an increased production of endogenous androgens with a consequent increase in conversion of these steroids to estrogens.

scholarly journals Dietary Cholesterol Contained in Whole Eggs Is Not Well Absorbed and Does Not Acutely Affect Plasma Total Cholesterol Concentration in Men and Women: Results from 2 Randomized Controlled Crossover Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Kim ◽  
Wayne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Total Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Crossover Studies ◽  
Whole Egg

Whole egg is a food source of dietary cholesterol and inconsistent research findings exist about the effect of dietary cholesterol from whole egg on blood cholesterol concentration. We assessed the effect of co-consuming cooked whole egg (CWE) on dietary cholesterol absorption from two randomized-crossover studies. For study 1, 16 men consumed raw vegetables with no egg, 75 g CWE, or 150 g CWE. For study 2, 17 women consumed cooked vegetables with no egg or 100 g CWE. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein fractions (TRL) were isolated from collected blood. In study 1, total-cholesterol areas under the curve (AUC)0–10h in TRL were not different but triacylglycerol AUC0–10h in TRL was greater for 150 g CWE vs. 75 g CWE and no egg. Similarly, in study 2, total-cholesterol AUC0–10h in TRL was not different but triacylglycerol AUC0–10h in TRL was greater for 100 g CWE vs. no egg. In both studies, whole egg consumption did not affect plasma total-cholesterol AUC0–10h, while triacylglycerol AUC0–10h was increased. These results suggest that the dietary cholesterol in whole egg was not well absorbed, which may provide mechanistic insight for why it does not acutely influence plasma total-cholesterol concentration and is not associated with longer-term plasma cholesterol control.

Increased platelet and red cell counts, blood viscosity, and plasma cholesterol levels during heat stress, and mortality from coronary and cerebral thrombosis

1986 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Keatinge ◽  
Susan R.K. Coleshaw ◽  
John C. Easton ◽  
Finbar Cotter ◽  
Martin B. Mattock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cerebral Thrombosis ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals Pengaruh propolis terhadap profil lipid plasma tikus model hiperkolesterolemia

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Krisnansari Diah ◽  
Ariadne Tiara Hapsari ◽  
Evy Sulistyoningrum ◽  
Agus Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After

Background: Nowadays, cardiovascular disease caused by hypercholesterolemia has become the main cause of death. Propolis has been used widely to reduce plasma cholesterol levels.Objective: The aims of this research was to study the effect of propolis on lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic Sprague Dawley rats.Method: This was an experimental study with pre-post test. Twenty four (24) male Sprague Dawley rats aged 12-16 week old, weighing 125-200 g were allocated into 4 groups. Group I received standard meal + aquadest-gavage; group II received high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01 + aquadest gavage; group III received high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01 + 0,027 g propolis gavage; group IV received high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01 + 0,054 g propolis gavage. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels before and after treatment were measured. The data were then analyzed with One Way Anova.Results: The study showed that there were no significant differences in changes of body weight. There were significant differences in total cholesterol levels between all groups of treatment. Triglyceride levels were significantly different among all groups, except between group I and IV. Furthermore, the HDL cholesterol levels of group I vs III and group I vs IV were significantly different. However, there were no differences found in LDL cholesterol levels among all groups of treatment.Conclusion: Provision of 0,027 g and 0,054 g propolis improve lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels) of hypercholesterolemic rats.

scholarly journals Two Weeks Of Western Diet Disrupts Liver Molecular Markers Of Cholesterol Metabolism In Rat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxane St-Amand ◽  
Emilienne T. Ngo Sock ◽  
Samantha Quinn ◽  
Jean-Marc Lavoie ◽  
David H. St-Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Element Binding Protein

Abstract Background: The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that in the liver, excessive fat accumulation impairs cholesterol metabolism mainly by altering the low-density lipoprotein-receptor (LDL-R) pathway. Method: Young male Wistar rats were fed standard (SD), high fat (HFD; 60% kcal) or Western (WD; 40% fat + 35% sucrose (17.5% fructose)) diets for 2 or 6 weeks. Results: Weight gain (~ 40g) was observed only following 6 weeks of the obesogenic diets (P < 0.01). Compared to the 2-week treatment, obesogenic diets tripled fat pad weight (~ 20 vs 7 g) after 6 weeks. Hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels were greater in response to both the WD and HFD compared to the SD (P < 0.01) at 2 and 6 weeks and their concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in WD than HFD at 2 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol levels were higher (P < 0.05) in animals submitted to WD. After 2 and 6 weeks, liver expression of LDL-R, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSKk9) and sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2), involved in LDL-cholesterol uptake, was lower in animals submitted to WD than in others treated with HFD or SD (P < 0.01). Similarly, low-density lipoprotein-receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase-2 (ACAT-2) mRNA levels were lower (P < 0.01) among WD compared to SD-fed rats. Expression of the gene coding the main regulator of endogenous cholesterol synthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCoAR) was reduced in response to WD compared to SD and HFD at 2 (P < 0.001) and 6 (P < 0.05) weeks. Being enriched in fructose, the WD strongly promoted the expression of carbohydrate-response element binding protein (ChREBP) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), two key regulators of de novo lipogenesis. Conclusion: These results show that the WD promptly increased TG levels in the liver by potentiating fat storage. This impaired the pathway of hepatic cholesterol uptake via the LDL-R axis, promoting a rapid increase in plasma total cholesterol levels. These results indicate that liver fat content is a factor involved in the regulation of plasma cholesterol.

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