scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes among different population subgroups

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Safieddine ◽  
S Sperlich ◽  
J Beller ◽  
K Lange ◽  
J Epping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
School Education ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Important Target ◽  
Prevention Interventions

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a rising global epidemic with lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups being more affected. Considering specific population subgroups to examine prevalence and SES inequalities in T2D is rare. In addition, using only one indicator to depict SES inequalities in health has been a common practice despite evidence on differences in what different indicators measure. This study examines the prevalence of and SES (school education, occupation and income) inequalities in T2D in the three population subgroups: employed individuals, nonworking spouses and pensioners. This study also determines the SES indictor with the highest explanatory power. Methods This study is based on claims data from a statutory health insurance provider in Lower Saxony, Germany. T2D prevalence in the period between 2013 and 2017 was examined in 1,345,841 employed individuals, 180,949 nonworking spouses and 773,427 pensioners. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to examine SES inequalities in T2D in the three subgroups. Explanatory power of the three SES indicators was compared by deviance analysis. Results T2D prevalence was four times higher in male nonworking spouses (24.2%) and 2.6 times higher in female nonworking spouses (12.7%) compared to employed men (6.4%) and women (4.7%) respectively, while it accounted for 40% of men and 36% of women in pensioners. Clear gradients in T2D inequalities emerged for all three SES indicators and were observed in the three population subgroups. School education had the highest explanatory power in employed men and women and male nonworking spouses. Conclusions Nonworking spouses are an important target group in T2D prevention interventions. The three SES indicators differ in their explanatory power where low school education appears to be a major risk factor. It can be discussed that health literacy and the associated health behavior play a role in mediating the association between education and T2D. Key messages The population subgroup “nonworking spouses” is an important target group for type 2 diabetes prevention interventions. The level of school education is a substantial determinant of socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The association between hypoglycemia and glycemic variability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahisa Handa ◽  
Akinobu Nakamura ◽  
Aika Miya ◽  
Hiroshi Nomoto ◽  
Hiraku Kameda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore predictive factors of time below target glucose range (TBR) ≥ 1% among patients’ characteristics and glycemic variability (GV) indices using continuous glucose monitoring data in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study on 179 (71 female) Japanese outpatients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 65 years. The characteristics of the participants with TBR ≥ 1% were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses of GV indices, comprising coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation, and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, were performed to identify the optimal index for the identification of patients with TBR ≥ 1%. Results In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, none of the clinical characteristics, including HbA1c and C-peptide index, were independent markers for TBR ≥ 1%, while all three GV indices showed significant associations with TBR ≥ 1%. Among the three GV indices, CV showed the best performance based on the area under the curve in the ROC curve analyses. Conclusions Among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, CV reflected TBR ≥ 1% most appropriately among the GV indices examined. Trial registration UMIN-CTR: UMIN000029993. Registered 16 November 2017

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Masudus Salehin ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman ◽  
Tania Tansi ◽  
Rajat Das Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Factors Associated

Diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a major public health burden in low-and-middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore factors associated with CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 adults with T2D presenting at the outpatient department of Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences (BIHS) hospital between July 2013 to December 2013. CKD was diagnosed based on estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate using the ‘Modification of Diet in Renal Disease’ equations and presence of albuminuria estimated by the albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with CKD. The overall prevalence of CKD among patients with T2D was 21.3%. In the unadjusted model Factors associated with CKD were: aged 40-49 years (OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 1.3-25.4), age 50-59 years (7.0, 1.6-39), age ≥60 years (7.6, 1.7-34); being female (2.2, 1.2-3.8), hypertensive (1.9, 1.1-3.5) and household income between 128.2-256.4 US$ (2.9, 1.0-8.2) compared with income ≤128.2$. However, after adjustment of other covariates, only duration of hypertension and household income (128.2-256.4 US$) remained statistically significant. There is a need to implement policies and programs for early detection and management of hypertension and CKD in T2D patients in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Prevalence of self-reported Type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated socio-economic-demographic factors among adults above 20 years in a residential area of Delhi

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Reeta Devi ◽  
Bimla Kapoor ◽  
M. Meghachandra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Per Capita

Background: There is changing epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus in India. Few studies have reported prevalence of self reported diabetes in Delhi. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence of self–reported Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and find out its association with socio-economic-demographic factors among adults above 20 years in a residential area of Delhi. Materials and Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study done in a residential area of East Delhi. The subjects were identified by door to door survey based onavailable records and self-report. They were interviewed using a pre-tested interview schedule with items on socio-economic and demographic characteristics. Chi-square test was used for qualitative data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find out associated factors with T2DM. Odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated. ‘p’ < 0.05 considered significant.Results: The self-reported prevalence of T2DM was 8.5% (461/5444) among 20 years andabove population. It was more in males (9.1%) than females (7.8%), highest (25%) in primary educated, least (7.3%) in graduates and above (p<0.001). Age-specific prevalence was maximum (22.4% in 60-69 years), least (0.2%) in 20-29 years (p<0.001). Occupation wise, maximum (19.2%) was in retired and least (0.7%) in unemployed (p<0.001). The associated factors were: age 50 years and above (OR 6.99, 95% CI 5.4-8.9), males (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07-1.65), secondary education (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.05-1.84), unemployed (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.15-1.83), per capita per month income Indian Rupees (INR) 20001 and above (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.10-1.75). Conclusion: Self-reported prevalence of T2DM was 8.5%, more among males, >50 years, retired, secondary educated and with per capita income per month of Rs 20001 and above. It is necessary to create awareness among the people to identify, manage and prevent T2DM.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 6-13

scholarly journals Factors Related to Self-care in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Seung-Yeon Kong ◽  
Mi-Kyoung Cho
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Report ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Purpose: The prevalence of diabetes and the personal and national burden from diabetes, a serious health issue around the globe, continues to increase. The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing self-care among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey of 118 outpatients with type 2 diabetes in national university hospital C in Korea. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires covering information on demographics, self-care, and self-efficacy. Additional data were collected from medical records including information on HbA1c, fasting blood glucose levels, and cholesterol levels. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN version 22.0 software. Results: Factors affecting self-care were the following four: self-efficacy, HbA1c, occupation status, and smoking status. Higher engagement in self-care was associated with higher self-efficacy (β = .53, p < .001), lower HbA1c (β = -0.33, p < .001), unemployment (β = -0.20, p < .001), and non-smoking status (β = -0.15, p = .011). The regression model of self-care among the type 2 diabetes patients was statistically significant (F = 67.15, p < .001), and the explanatory power of the adjusted R2 was 69%. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes patients with high self-efficacy and self-care scores showed good glycemic control. Therefore, this finding suggests that nursing interventions should be developed to enhance self-efficacy, which is the greatest influencing factor for self-care.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiometabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berta Ibáñez ◽  
Arkaitz Galbete ◽  
María José Goñi ◽  
Luis Forga ◽  
Laura Arnedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes in employed individuals, nonworking spouses and pensioners

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 100596
Author(s):  
Batoul Safieddine ◽  
Stefanie Sperlich ◽  
Johannes Beller ◽  
Karin Lange ◽  
Jelena Epping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities

scholarly journals Androgen Deficiency and Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CMED.S27700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Entesar O.A. El Saghier ◽  
Salah E. Shebl ◽  
Olfat A. Fawzy ◽  
lhab M. Eltayeb ◽  
Lamya M.A. Bekhet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and low total serum testosterone (LST) has been identified in several cross-sectional studies. Objectives To assess the prevalence of androgen deficiency and erectile dysfunction (ED) and their relation to glycemic control within a sample of Egyptian men with T2DM. Research Design and Methods A cross-sectional study including 70 men having T2DM. Their ages ranged from 30 to 50 years. They were evaluated for symptoms of androgen deficiency and ED, using a validated Arabic-translated Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males questionnaire and five-items version of the International Index of Erectile Function-5, respectively. Total testosterone (TT), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin were measured for all study subjects. Penile hemodynamics was assessed using penile duplex study for subjects who gave history of ED. Results LST was found in 40% of studied men, and 92.9% of them reported overt symptoms of androgen deficiency. ED was detected in 85.7% of those with LST, as opposed to 31.0% of those with normal TT ( P < 0.000). TT was lower in diabetic men with ED compared to those without ED (12.04 ± 5.36 vs 17.11 ± 7.11 nmol/L, P < 0.001). Significant negative correlation was found between TT and age, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and HBA1c ( P < 0.00). FSH, LH, and prolactin levels were within the normal reference range in all subjects. HbA1c was higher in patients who had LST with ED, compared to those with normal TT and without ED. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis did not reveal a significant association between HBA1c and LST levels. Conclusion LST, symptoms of androgen deficiency, and ED are common in the studied sample of Egyptian men with T2DM. Inappropriately normal FSH and LH in face of LST may denote a state of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. HBA1c was found to be more significantly associated with ED than with LST.

scholarly journals Disentangling socioeconomic inequalities of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chile: A population-based analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0238534
Author(s):  
Manuel S. Ortiz ◽  
Baltica Cabieses ◽  
Marcela Oyarte ◽  
Paula Repetto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities

scholarly journals Associations of serum uric acid level with diabetic retinopathy and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052096398
Author(s):  
Lin Hou ◽  
Yingzhou Shi ◽  
Sichao Wang ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Qiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Objectives To analyze the associations of serum uric acid (SUA) level with diabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Three hundred eighty-nine inpatients with type 2 DM were included in this retrospective analysis. Nonmydriatic fundus cameras were used to identify DR. Urinary albumin creatinine ratio was used to identify DN. Patients were divided into four groups according to SUA quartiles. Results The prevalences of DR and albuminuria increased with increasing SUA level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, following adjustment for other risk factors, higher levels of SUA (Q3 and Q4) were associated with greater risk for DR, compared with the lower level (Q1) (odds ratio [OR]: 3.056, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.506–6.198; OR: 3.417, 95% CI: 1.635–7.139, respectively). Moreover, higher levels of SUA (Q2, Q3, and Q4) were associated with greater risk for albuminuria (OR: 2.418, 95% CI: 1.059–5.522; OR: 7.233, 95% CI: 3.145–16.635; and OR: 8.911, 95% CI: 3.755–21.147, respectively). Conclusions SUA level was independently associated with DR and albuminuria in patients with type 2 DM. Elevated SUA level might be predictive for the occurrence of DR and DN.

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