scholarly journals Colorectal cancer prevention: strategies for promoting literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Gomes ◽  
Margarida Espírito-Santo ◽  
Tânia Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Low Health Literacy ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequent and deadly cancer in Portugal, prevention and early detection with screening are key factors for decreasing the incidence of CRC and improving survival rates. CRC screenings allow the detection of benign situations and their remotion, preventing the development of a malignant condition. Thus, this study aimed to identify strategies that could promote CRC literacy in order to also increase the number of screenings. Methods A systematic review (SR) was performed using PICOS methodology to define study goals and then PRISMA methodology to collect data for the review, including intervention studies published from 2010. Results A final number of 11 articles were included in this SR, which used several strategies to promote literacy. These studies included patients mostly within the age range of 50–75 years. The different strategies identified contained delivering pamphlets, seminars, using technological solutions, among others. All of these educational strategies led to the breaking down of some barriers that might exist about screening and bowel preparation, which conduced to an increase in adherence to CRC screening. Since most of the studies were performed in populations presenting low health literacy or belonging to ethnic minorities, strategies such as verbal information sessions showed better results. Conclusions Several strategies seems to be effective, since the results of different interventions have translated into increased CCR literacy and also the number of screenings. Portuguese pharmacy professionals, given easy access and user confidence can contribute directly, as a future perspective, in the education of patients with CCR.

scholarly journals German oncology certification system for colorectal cancer – relative survival rates of a single certified centre vs. national and international registry data

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Richter ◽  
Lena Sonnow ◽  
Amir Mehdizadeh-Shrifi ◽  
Axel Richter ◽  
Rainer Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
International Comparison ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Cancer Registry Data ◽  
Colon And Rectal Cancer

Abstract Objectives To evaluate how the certification of specialised Oncology Centres in Germany affects the relative survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by means of national and international comparison. Methods Between 2007 and 2013, 675 patients with colorectal cancer, treated at the Hildesheim Hospital, an academic teaching hospital of the Hannover Medical School (MHH), were included. A follow-up of the entire patient group was performed until 2014. To obtain international data, a SEER-database search was done. The relative survival of 148,957 patients was compared to our data after 12, 36 and 60 months. For national survival data, we compared our rates with 41,988 patients of the Munich Cancer Registry (MCR). Results Relative survival at our institution tends to be higher in advanced tumour stages compared to national and international cancer registry data. Nationally we found only little variation in survival rates for low stages CRC (UICC I and II), colon, and rectal cancer. There were notable variations regarding relative survival rates for advanced CRC tumour stages (UICC IV). These variations were even more distinct for rectal cancer after 12, 36 and 60 months (Hildesheim Hospital: 89.9, 40.3, 30.1%; Munich Cancer Registry (MCR): 65.4, 28.7, 16.6%). The international comparison of CRC showed significantly higher relative survival rates for patients with advanced tumour stages after 12 months at our institution (77 vs. 54.9% for UICC IV; raw p<0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that patients with advanced tumour stages of CRC and especially rectal cancer benefit most from a multidisciplinary and guidelines-oriented treatment at Certified Oncology Centres. For a better evaluation of cancer treatment and improved national and international comparison, the creation of a centralised national cancer registry is necessary.

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin and Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2379
Author(s):  
Masaru Terasaki ◽  
Atsuhito Kubota ◽  
Hiroyuki Kojima ◽  
Hayato Maeda ◽  
Kazuo Miyashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Candidate Drug ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention ◽  
Dietary Carotenoid

Colorectal cancer (CRC), which ranks among the top 10 most prevalent cancers, can obtain a good outcome with appropriate surgery and/or chemotherapy. However, the global numbers of both new cancer cases and death from CRC are expected to increase up to 2030. Diet-induced lifestyle modification is suggested to be effective in reducing the risk of human CRC; therefore, interventional studies using diets or diet-derived compounds have been conducted to explore the prevention of CRC. Fucoxanthin (Fx), a dietary carotenoid, is predominantly contained in edible brown algae, such as Undaria pinnatifida (wakame) and Himanthalia elongata (Sea spaghetti), which are consumed particularly frequently in Asian countries but also in some Western countries. Fx is responsible for a majority of the anticancer effects exerted by the lipophilic bioactive compounds in those algae. Interventional human trials have shown that Fx and brown algae mitigate certain risk factors for CRC; however, the direct mechanisms underlying the anti-CRC properties of Fx remain elusive. Fx and its deacetylated type “fucoxanthinol” (FxOH) have been reported to exert potential anticancer effects in preclinical cancer models through the suppression of many cancer-related signal pathways and the tumor microenvironment or alteration of the gut microbiota. We herein review the most recent studies on Fx as a potential candidate drug for CRC prevention.

scholarly journals Correlation of Body Mass Index with Oncologic Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Large Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3592
Author(s):  
Chong-Chi Chiu ◽  
Chung-Han Ho ◽  
Chao-Ming Hung ◽  
Chien-Ming Chao ◽  
Chih-Cheng Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
P Value ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
The Impact

It has been acknowledged that excess body weight increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, there is little evidence on the impact of body mass index (BMI) on CRC patients’ long-term oncologic results in Asian populations. We studied the influence of BMI on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and CRC-specific survival rates in CRC patients from the administrative claims datasets of Taiwan using the Kaplan–Meier survival curves and the log-rank test to estimate the statistical differences among BMI groups. Underweight patients (<18.50 kg/m2) presented higher mortality (56.40%) and recurrence (5.34%) rates. Besides this, they had worse OS (aHR:1.61; 95% CI: 1.53–1.70; p-value: < 0.0001) and CRC-specific survival (aHR:1.52; 95% CI: 1.43–1.62; p-value: < 0.0001) rates compared with those of normal weight patients (18.50–24.99 kg/m2). On the contrary, CRC patients belonging to the overweight (25.00–29.99 kg/m2), class I obesity (30.00–34.99 kg/m2), and class II obesity (≥35.00 kg/m2) categories had better OS, DFS, and CRC-specific survival rates in the analysis than the patients in the normal weight category. Overweight patients consistently had the lowest mortality rate after a CRC diagnosis. The associations with being underweight may reflect a reverse causation. CRC patients should maintain a long-term healthy body weight.

Aspirin and colorectal cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome

The Lancet ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 378 (9809) ◽  
pp. 2051-2052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T Chan ◽  
Scott M Lippman
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lynch Syndrome ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Colorectal cancer: prevention and early diagnosis

Medicine ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria White ◽  
Richard Miller
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention

scholarly journals Understanding symptom appraisal and help-seeking in people with symptoms suggestive of pancreatic cancer: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e015682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Mills ◽  
Linda Birt ◽  
Jon D Emery ◽  
Nicola Hall ◽  
Jonathan Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Symptom Appraisal ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Changes

ObjectivePancreatic cancer has poor survival rates due to non-specific symptoms leading to later diagnosis. Understanding how patients interpret their symptoms could inform approaches to earlier diagnosis. This study sought to explore symptom appraisal and help-seeking among patients referred to secondary care for symptoms suggestive of pancreatic cancer.DesignQualitative analysis of semistructured in-depth interviews. Data were analysed iteratively and thematically, informed by the Model of Pathways to Treatment.Participants and settingPancreatic cancer occurs rarely in younger adults, therefore patients aged ≥40 years were recruited from nine hospitals after being referred to hospital with symptoms suggestive of pancreatic cancer; all were participants in a cohort study. Interviews were conducted soon after referral, and where possible, before diagnosis.ResultsTwenty-six interviews were conducted (cancer n=13 (pancreas n=9, other intra-abdominal n=4), non-cancer conditions n=13; age range 48–84 years; 14 women). Time from first symptoms to first presentation to healthcare ranged from 1 day to 270 days, median 21 days. We identified three main themes. Initial symptom appraisal usually began with intermittent, non-specific symptoms such as tiredness or appetite changes, attributed to diet and lifestyle, existing gastrointestinal conditions or side effects of medication. Responses to initial symptom appraisal included changes in meal type or frequency, or self-medication. Symptom changes such as alterations in appetite and enjoyment of food or weight loss usually prompted further appraisal. Triggers to seek help included a change or worsening of symptoms, particularly pain, which was often a ‘tipping point’. Help-seeking was often encouraged by others. We found no differences in symptom appraisal and help-seeking between people diagnosed with cancer and those with other conditions.ConclusionsGreater public and healthcare professional awareness of the combinations of subtle and intermittent symptoms, and their evolving nature, is needed to prompt timelier help-seeking and investigation among people with symptoms of pancreatic cancer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document