scholarly journals Health and Housework in Later Life: A Longitudinal Study of Retired Couples

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Leopold ◽  
Florian Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Housework Time ◽  
Domestic Outsourcing

Abstract Objectives To examine how changes in wives’ and husbands’ health influenced housework time and domestic outsourcing in retired couples. Method We estimated fixed-effects models to test hypotheses about the gendered influence of health declines on absolute and relative measures of time spent on routine and nonroutine housework as well as the probability of outsourcing housework. The data were obtained from 23 waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel Study, comprising N = 25,119 annual observations of N = 3,889 retired couples aged 60–85 years. Results Wives’ and husbands’ housework time declined with health status, but these effects were large only for serious health problems. We found evidence for within-couple compensation of spouses’ health declines, a mechanism that was limited to indispensable tasks of routine housework. The probability of getting paid help from outside the household increased with declining health, and this increase was more strongly tied to wives’ health declines than to husbands’ health declines. Discussion The results demonstrate the relevance of health status for the performance of housework in retired couples. The evidence attests to the resilience of couples during later-life stages in which health issues may severely inhibit domestic productivity.

scholarly journals INTERNAL MIGRATION AND HEALTH CHANGES: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF CHINESE ADULTS IN MID AND LATER LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S796-S796
Author(s):  
Li Gao ◽  
Zheng Wu ◽  
Shu z Li
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
Health Changes ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Urban Migrants

Abstract Objectives: This study examines the effects of internal migration on health status and health changes among middle-aged and older migrants in China. Methods: Using longitudinal data from the 2011-2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study compares non-migrants with those of recent migrants and earlier migrants in regard to their self-rated health and mental health. OLS and a series of fixed effects models were conducted to examine the effects of migration on health status and health changes. Results: Compared with non-migrants, earlier migrants report better self-rated health but no difference in depression. Our findings demonstrate that recent migrants show better self-rated health changes than non-migrants. In addition, for recent migrants, there are significant changes in self-rated health among rural-to-urban migrants and rural-to-rural migrants, while urban-to-rural migrants and urban-to-urban migrants are not significantly different from non-migrations. Discussion: There are associations between internal migration and self-rated health in China. The effects of migration on health appear to differ by the type of migration. Those who migrated from rural area are mostly likely to be affected by migration. However, migrants from urban area are less affected.

scholarly journals Long Term Effects of Job Displacement. Paper presented at the 2010 American Sociological Association Annual Meeting.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Moehr
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Job Displacement ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Worker Characteristics ◽  
Using Data

This paper replicates and extends Stevens’s (1997) analysis of the long-term effects of job displacements. Using data from the 1968-2005 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I estimate fixed-effects models which show that there are long term decreases in earnings after displacements. The decreases are mediated when longer follow up data is used for individuals. Changes in the labor market have also shifted the relationship between displacements and individual worker characteristics. Specifically, education and experience have become more important then displacements. Conclusions are based on an analysis of the different people in the 40 years of PSID data and the structural changes in the labor market over that time. This article suggests that longitudinal data and fixed-effects models are one of many ways to conceptualize labor market changes.

Examining the Effect of Employment on Delinquency: A Longitudinal Study of South Korean Youths

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (14) ◽  
pp. 1861-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Jung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Intensive Work ◽  
Status Offenses

This study focuses on examining the effects of employment and work hours on delinquency during adolescence. Juvenile employment and work hours are hypothesized to increase delinquency, and the longitudinal panel data obtained from the Korean Youth Panel Survey are utilized. Results from fixed effects models showed that working youths are more likely to participate in crime, substance use, and status offenses. Regarding work hours, both moderate and intensive work was significantly related to substance use and status offenses, whereas only intensive work was significantly related to crime. The effects of intensive work on substance use and status offenses were different between male and female.

Politics Matters: Political Events as Catalysts for Preadult Socialization

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O. Sears ◽  
Nicholas A. Valentino
Keyword(s):  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Affective Expression ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Stability

We propose that (1) the preadult socialization of longstanding, stable predispositions is catalyzed by exogenous political events; (2) such events socialize attitudes selectively, only in the specific domains they make salient; and so (3) longstanding predispositions tend to be socialized episodically rather than incrementally. This theory is applied to the socialization of partisanship during a presidential campaign, examining gains in information, affective expression, and attitude crystallization. Adolescents (aged 10 to 17) and their parents were interviewed in a three-wave panel study, at the beginning of a presidential campaign, at the end, and a year later. The campaign induced substantial preadult socialization gains regarding attitude objects central to the campaign (candidates and parties), particularly in the stability of preadults' partisanship. There were few gains in attitude domains peripheral to the campaign or during the postcampaign period. These findings suggest that periodic political events catalyze preadult socialization, generating predispositions that persist into later life stages.

scholarly journals Parenthood and Later Life Health: An International Life Course Analysis of Parents and Childless Adults Aged 50 and Older

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-356
Author(s):  
Nadine Reibling ◽  
Katja Möhring
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Life History Data ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Life Course Analysis

Abstract This study investigates how women’s and men’s fertility history affect their health in later life and if this relationship varies across countries and cohorts. We use life history data and current health status of persons aged 50 and over from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) for 13 countries. Country-fixed effects regressions show that parenthood itself and the number of children have little impact on later life health, but fertility timing is important. Moreover, significant country and cohort differences show that the health implications of timing depend upon the socio-historic context.

When the Elderly Turn to Petty Crime

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi F. Sugie
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Arrest Rates ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Aging Societies

Declines in offending in older age have been consistently observed in nearly every criminological study to date. Because of this, theories that address offending in older life focus exclusively on explaining decreases in crime or “desistance.” However, recent increases in elderly arrest rates in some aging societies provide a unique opportunity to forward theories of older age offending with an empirical touchstone. Using Japan as a case study, this article draws from a social integration perspective to examine whether changes in family and economic integration are associated with increasing arrest rates. Using prefectural fixed-effects models with elderly arrests from 1995 to 2004, the findings suggest that weakened family integration is associated with elderly arrest rates, particularly for petty crimes. This article situates these results within the context of Japan and discusses how social integration and later life offending may be related in aging societies like Japan.

scholarly journals Grandparenthood, grandchild care and depression among older people in 18 countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-2019) ◽  
pp. 216-239
Author(s):  
Valeria Bordone ◽  
Bruno Arpino
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Older People ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Longitudinal Structure ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Grandchild Care ◽  
The Impact

Due to the increasing central role of grandparenthood in later life, sound knowledge about its effects on older people’s health is more and more important. This paper examines the impact of becoming a grandparent, having more grandchildren, and engaging in grandchild care on depressive symptoms. Moreover, based on the structural ambivalence theory, we expect that such effects differ across contexts as (grand)childcare is differently organised across Europe. Taking advantage of the longitudinal structure of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we estimate fixed-effects models. Our results show that women face a decline in depressive symptoms when becoming grandmothers, but neither an increase in the number of grandchildren nor changes in grandchild care are associated with changes in depressive symptoms. The analyses by country highlight differences across Europe, without, however, drawing a clear pattern. Our results show that depression consequences of grandparenthood also vary between countries characterised by similar roles of grandparents. This suggests the need to make available more refined questions about grandparenthood in surveys on older people.

Health Dynamics and the Evolution of Health Inequality over the Life Course: The Importance of Neighborhood and Family Background

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rucker C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Neighborhood Quality ◽  
Neighborhood Poverty ◽  
Sibling Correlations

Abstract This paper investigates the extent and ways in which childhood family and neighborhood quality influence later-life health outcomes. The study analyzes the health trajectories of children born between 1950 and 1970 followed through 2005. Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) spanning four decades are linked with information on neighborhood attributes and school quality resources that prevailed at the time these children were growing up.There are several key findings. First, estimates of sibling and child neighbor correlations in health are used to bound the proportion of inequality in health status in childhood through mid-life that are attributable to childhood family and neighborhood quality. Estimates based on four-level hierarchical random effects models (neighborhoods, families, individuals, over time) consistently show a significant scope for both childhood family and neighborhood background (including school quality). The results imply substantial persistence in health status across generations that are linked in part to low intergenerational economic mobility. Sibling correlations are large throughout at least the first 50 years of life: roughly three-fifths of adult health disparities may be attributable to family and neighborhood background. Childhood neighbor correlations in adult health are also substantial (net of the similarity arising from similar family characteristics), suggesting that disparities in neighborhood background account for more than one-third of the variation in health status in mid life.Second, exposure to concentrated neighborhood poverty during childhood has significant deleterious impacts on adult health. The results reveal that even a large amount of selection on unobservable factors does not eliminate the significant effect of child neighborhood poverty on health status later in life. Thus, racial differences in adult health can be accounted for by childhood family, neighborhood, and school quality factors, while contemporaneous economic factors account for relatively little of this gap.

Difficulties, Disagreements, and Disappointments in Late-Life Marriages

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Henry ◽  
Richard B. Miller ◽  
Roseann Giarrusso
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Dyadic Data ◽  
Marriage And Health ◽  
The Relationship

Although research has examined marital satisfaction in later life, little is known about the specific relationship challenges that older couples experience. Thus, the objective of the study was to explore the challenges older couples face. Data came from the USC Longitudinal Study of Generations. Qualitative analysis was conducted on 105 older couples, with an average age of 69, who responded in 1997 to an open-ended question about difficulties, disagreements, and disappointments in their marriage. Ten themes emerged from the data. In order of frequency, they were leisure activities, intimacy, finances, no problems, personality, intergenerational relations, household concerns, personal habits, health issues, and work/retirement. Comparisons in responses were made for age, gender, marital quality, length of marriage, and health. In addition, the dyadic data were examined for patterns within the relationship.

scholarly journals Income and housing satisfaction and their association with self-rated health in different life stages. A fixed effects analysis using a German panel study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e034294
Author(s):  
Anja Knöchelmann ◽  
Nico Seifert ◽  
Sebastian Günther ◽  
Irene Moor ◽  
Matthias Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Housing Satisfaction ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Average Marginal Effects

ObjectiveWe aim to investigate the effect of income and housing satisfaction on self-rated health in different life stages.DesignA population-based panel study (German Socio-Economic Panel).ParticipantsThe final sample consisted of 384 280 observations from 50 004 persons covering the period between 1994 and 2016.Outcome measuresAverage marginal effects were calculated based on fixed effects regressions to obtain the effect of changes in income and housing satisfaction on changes in self-rated health for each year of age. Self-rated health was assessed on a 5-point scale, with higher values indicating better health.ResultsChanges in income and housing satisfaction showed a small association with changes in self-rated health. The association was stronger for income, where it also varied considerably in different life stages. The average marginal effects for income satisfaction varied between 0.02 and 0.05 in men and 0.02 and 0.04 in women and peaked between the ages of 55–60. For housing satisfaction, average marginal effects ranged from 0.02 to 0.04 (men) and from 0.02 to 0.03 (women).ConclusionHigher satisfaction with housing and income was associated with better self-rated health. Therefore, studies on the social determinants of health should not only focus on objective material conditions but also on how individuals perceive and evaluate their situation.

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