scholarly journals Anthropometric Measures of Obesity and Food Consumption Among U.S. Chinese Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 238-238
Author(s):  
Shenglin Zheng ◽  
Qun Le ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Most research uses body mass index (BMI) alone to measure obesity. Combined with waist circumference (WC), BMI may better identify obesity-related health risk. And diet is a key component of obesity management. To better understand the relationship between obesity and diet, this study aims to examine two anthropometric measures of obesity and the food consumption among U.S. Chinese older adults. Data were drawn from the PINE study wave III (2015-2017), a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling Chinese older adults (N=3053). We categorized participants into 6 groups: normal BMI (18.5-24.9) with normal WC (women ≤ 88cm and men ≤102cm), normal BMI with high WC (women WC >88cm and men WC >102cm), overweight (BMI=25.0-29.9) with normal WC, overweight with high WC, obese (BMI >30) with normal WC, and obese with high WC. A forty-eight-item food frequency questionnaire was used to measure frequencies of vegetables, fruits, grains, protein foods, dairy, sweets, and alcohol intake. Almost 12% participants had normal BMI but high WC and 10% were overweight with high WC. Participants who were overweight with high WC reported the highest intake of vegetables among groups. Participants with higher WC had significantly higher fruit consumption, compared to those with normal WC, regardless of their BMI. Spearman correlation analysis showed that being overweight with a high WC was correlated with higher frequencies of vegetables and fruits intake and having normal BMI with normal WC was correlated with higher alcohol intake. The findings provide new insights for future research and interventions on obesity/chronic disease management.

scholarly journals BROODING MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CEREBROVASCULAR BURDEN AND VASCULAR DEPRESSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S877-S878
Author(s):  
Manuel Herrera Legon ◽  
Daniel Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Vascular Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: The vascular depression hypothesis posits that cerebrovascular burden confers risk for late-life depression. Though neuroanatomical correlates of vascular depression (prefrontal white matter hyperintensities) are well established, little is known about cognitive correlates; the identification of which may suggest therapeutic targets. Aims of this study are to examine the hypothesis that the relationship between cerebrovascular burden and depressive symptoms is moderated by brooding, a type of rumination. Method: A sample of 52 community-dwelling, stroke-free, individuals over the age of 70, without history of severe mental illness or dementia completed the Ruminative Responses Scale, and provided self-report (cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol) CVB data. The Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. Results: Results of a bootstrapped model were that self-reported measures of CVB predicted depressive symptomatology. This relationship was significantly moderated by brooding. Among older adults, those who self-reported high CVB and medium to elevated levels of rumination experienced disproportionately more depressive symptomatology. Conclusions: These findings suggest that brooding rumination may be one correlate of the vascular depression syndrome. Future research should examine neuroanatomical correlates of rumination among older adults, and further explore brooding as a therapeutic target for those with late-life depression.

scholarly journals Frailty and Macronutrients Intake Among Older Brazilian Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 822-822
Author(s):  
Carolina Freiria ◽  
Graziele Silva ◽  
Larissa Hara ◽  
Tábatta Brito ◽  
Flávia Arbex Silva Borim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The adequate nutrition has an important role in the prevent and treatment of frailty, however, there are only few studies showing the relationship between macronutrients intake and this geriatric syndrome, especially in Latin countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between macronutrients intake and frailty among older adults in Brazil. This study included 521 community-dwelling individuals aged 60 years old or older. Frailty was assessed using a self-reported instrument and individuals were categorized in two groups: frail and non-frail (robust + pre frail). Food consumption was evaluated using the 24-hour recall and the software NDSR®. Differences between groups was assessed using the Mann Whitney test. The prevalence of frailty was 42.0%. Older adults considered frails presented lower intake of calories (1510.9 kcal vs 1639.3 kcal; p = 0.016), carbohydrates (196.8 g vs 213.3 g; p = 0.011), proteins (60.7 g vs 68.5 g; p = 0.016) and fiber (15.1 g vs 17.5 g; p= 0.002). They also had lower intake of protein per kilograms of weight (0.88 g/kg vs 0.99 g/kg; p= 0.010). The findings demonstrate high prevalence of frail in our sample, and that intake of most macronutrients was significantly lower among older adults with frail, indicating the importance of the screening of frail as well the evaluation of macronutrients intake among community-based older adults, to prevent malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty in this population.

scholarly journals ORAL HEALTH AND COGNITION AMONG U.S. COMMUNITY-DWELLING CHINESE OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S350-S350
Author(s):  
Darina V Petrovsky ◽  
Bei Wu ◽  
Weiyu Mao ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
Rate Of Decline

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between tooth/gums symptoms and changes in cognitive function. We used data from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago, a two-wave epidemiological study of 2,713 U.S. Chinese older adults. We selected self-reported oral (tooth and gum) symptoms as independent variables. We measured global function and three cognitive domains: episodic memory, executive function and working memory. Adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, participants who reported having teeth symptoms at baseline, experienced their global cognition and episodic memory decrease (both p<0.05). Participants who reported having teeth symptoms at baseline, experienced a faster rate of decline in global cognition for every additional year. However, this effect disappeared once we adjusted for all covariates. We found no significant relationship between baseline gum symptoms and change of cognitive function. Future research directions, clinical and policy implications will be discussed.

Art Attendance and Change in Cognitive Function Among U.S. Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110173
Author(s):  
Darina V. Petrovsky ◽  
Bei Wu ◽  
Nancy A. Hodgson ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Art Activities ◽  
The Relationship

Engaging in leisure activities that are cognitively simulating and enjoyable may be protective against cognitive decline in older adults; yet, few studies have examined this topic. We used two waves of data from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly and ran mixed-effects regression models to examine the relationship between baseline art activity attendance (including attending museum, musical arts, or both) and change in cognitive function (global, episodic memory, working memory, and executive function) among 2,703 older U.S. Chinese adults. We found that compared with older adults who did not attend any art activities, those who reported attending both art activities experienced a slower rate of change in episodic memory (estimate = −0.07; SE = 0.03; p = .01) and executive function (estimate = −0.06; SE = .03; p = .04). Our study findings point to the importance of attending art-based culture events among U.S. Chinese older adults.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Relationship Between Subjective Age and Frailty: Findings From the NHATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 271-271
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Li ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Christina Miyawaki ◽  
Xiaocao Sun ◽  
Tianxue Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Frailty is a clinical syndrome that becomes increasingly common as people age. Subjective age refers to how young or old individuals experience themselves to be. It is associated with many risk factors of frailty, such as increased depression, worse cognitive function, and poorer psychological wellbeing. In this study, we examined the relationship between subjective age and frailty using the 2011-2015 waves of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were community-dwelling older adults without frailty in the initial wave (N=1,165). Subjective age was measured by asking participants, “What age do you feel most of the time?” Based on the Fried five phenotypic criteria: exhaustion, unintentional weight loss, low physical activity, slow gait, and weak grip strength, frailty was categorized into robust=0, pre-frail=1 or 2; frail=3 or more criteria met. Participants were, on average, 74.1±6.5 years old, female (52%), and non-Hispanic White (81%). Eighty-five percent of the participants felt younger, and 3% felt older than their chronological age, but 41% of them were pre-frail/frail. Generalized estimating equations revealed that an “older” subjective age predicted a higher likelihood of pre-frailty and frailty (OR, 95%CI= 1.01, 1.01-1.02). In contrast, frailty predicted an “older” subjective age (OR, 95%CI= 2.97, 1.65-5.35) adjusting for demographics and health conditions. These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between subjective age and frailty. Older people who feel younger than their chronological age are at reduced risk of becoming pre-frail/frail. Intervention programs to delay frailty progression should include strategies that may help older adults perceive a younger subjective age.

scholarly journals Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6666
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kugimiya ◽  
Masanori Iwasaki ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
Keiko Motokawa ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Oral hypofunction, resulting from a combined decrease in multiple oral functions, may affect systemic-condition deterioration; however, few studies have examined the association between oral hypofunction and general health among older adults. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. We included 878 adults (268 men and 610 women, mean age 76.5 ± 8.3 years). Tongue coating index, oral moisture, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis (/pa/,/ta/,/ka/), tongue pressure, mas-ticatory function, and swallowing function were evaluated as indicators of oral hypofunction. Grip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index were measured as diagnostic sarcopenia parameters. The association between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia was examined via logistic regression using sarcopenia as the dependent variable. Oral hypofunction prevalence was 50.5% overall, 40.3% in men, and 54.9% in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.6% overall, 9.7% in men, and 22.5% in women. A logistic regression showed oral hypofunction, age, body mass index, higher-level functional capacity, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia occurred at an increased frequency in patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.47); accordingly, oral hypofunction appears to be significantly associated with sarcopenia.

Prospective Associations of Physical Frailty With Future Falls and Fear of Falling: A 48-Month Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Makino ◽  
S Lee ◽  
S Bae ◽  
I Chiba ◽  
K Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective The present study aimed to examine the prospective associations of physical frailty with future falls and fear of falling (FOF) among community-dwelling older adults. Methods A prospective cohort study with a 48-month follow-up was conducted in a Japanese community. Participants were 2469 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older who completed baseline and follow-up assessments at intervals of 48±2 months. Primary outcomes were recent falls (defined as at least one fall within the past year) and FOF (determined by response to “Are you afraid of falling?”) at follow-up survey. Physical frailty, operationalized by the frailty phenotype (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, weight loss, and low activity) based on the criteria of the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS), was also assessed as a predictor of future falls and FOF. Results Multivariate logistic regression showed that pre-frailty or frailty increase the risk of not only future falls (OR: 1.57; 95%CI = 1.20-2.05) but also FOF (OR: 1.33; 95%CI = 1.05-1.69). In addition, the relationship between baseline frailty status and future falls remained significant after adjusting for baseline FOF (OR: 1.55; 95%CI = 1.19-2.02), and the relationship between baseline frailty status and future FOF also remained significant after adjusting for baseline falls (OR: 1.32; 95%CI = 1.04-1.68). Conclusions Frailty status may predict future falls and FOF among community-dwelling older adults. Strategies to prevent frailty may be beneficial to prevent not only future falls but also future FOF in a community setting. Impact Falls and FOF have a close relationship but a different clinical meaning. Older adults with physical frailty may require monitoring as high-risk not only for falls but also for FOF.

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