scholarly journals Predictors of Participation Restriction in Midlife Caregivers: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 396-396
Author(s):  
Tara Klinedinst ◽  
Scott Beach ◽  
Heidi Donovan ◽  
Grace Campbell
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
National Study ◽  
Participation Restriction ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
Participation Restrictions ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
Positive Aspects Of Care

Abstract Mid-life family caregivers (CGs) are at risk for participation restrictions (reduced engagement in valued roles and activities) due to competing demands of work, parenting, and family caregiving responsibilities. When CGs experience participation restrictions, quality of care for care recipients (CR) decreases, yet CG burden and risk for poor health increases. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors contributing to decreased participation in mid-life CGs. Participants were CGs aged 45-64 years (n = 677) from the National Study of Caregiving/National Health and Aging Trends Study. We used multivariate logistic regression to determine attributes of CGs, CRs, and the care situation that independently contribute to participation restrictions. We found that negative aspects of caregiving (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.33, 1.71) and CR depression and anxiety (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.83, 0.99) significantly predicted participation restrictions (p < 0.05). Positive aspects of care (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.74, 1.01), frequency of helping with chores (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.98, 1.70), frequency of providing personal care (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.59), and frequency of providing help getting around the home (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.75) showed trends for association with participation restrictions (p < 0.10). We identified factors that are related to participation restriction in mid-life CGs. Some of these factors (e.g., positive and negative aspects of caregiving, frequency of assistance provided) are potentially modifiable intervention targets that could bolster participation in this at-risk group.

Work-Family Conflict, Gender, and Parenthood, 1977-1997

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Winslow
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
National Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
The Family ◽  
Workplace Policies ◽  
Work Family

Although many observers assume that balancing the often-competing demands of work and family has become increasingly difficult in recent decades, little research has explicitly examined this proposition. This study examines this question by drawing on data from the 1977 Quality of Employment Survey and the 1997 National Study of the Changing Workforce. The author found that work-family conflict has increased during this period, particularly for men. In addition, marital, parental, and spouse’s employment status prove to be consistently important predictors of work-family conflict. Future research focusing on men’s experiences of conflict, examining conflict from the perspective of the family unit, and exploring the effects of workplace policies is suggested.

Reduction of number of postoperative complications depends on quality of dressing material and wound treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
Larisa Katkasova ◽  
Svetlana Kropotova
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Wound ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Modern Technologies

Operated patients suffering from diabetes are at risk of developing postoperative complications. Modern technologies of postoperative wound treatment and modern dressings allow to avoid complications and speed up the process of postoperative wound healing.

scholarly journals Quality of life, symptoms and dietary habits in oncology outpatients with malnutrition: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Sonneborn-Papakostopoulos ◽  
Clara Dubois ◽  
Viktoria Mathies ◽  
Mara Heß ◽  
Nicole Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Organization

AbstractCancer-related malnutrition has a high prevalence, reduces survival and increases side effects. The aim of this study was to assess oncology outpatients and risk of malnutrition. Reported symptoms and quality of life (QoL) in patients found to be at risk of malnutrition or malnourished were compared to patients without malnutrition. Using a standardized questionnaire, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Questionnaire for Quality of Life and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), patients in an outpatient cancer clinic undergoing chemotherapy treatment at a German University Hospital were assessed for nutrition, risk of malnutrition and quality of life. Based on the MNA, 39 (45.9%) patients were categorized as malnourished or at risk for malnutrition. Loss of appetite (n = 37.6%, p < 0.001) and altered taste sensation (n = 30,3%, p < 0.001) were the symptoms most frequently associated with reduced food intake. Patients with risk of malnutrition scored lower on the global health status (n = 48.15%, p = 0.001). Side effects of cancer treatments lead to a higher risk of malnutrition and as a consequence lower QoL. These side effects should be addressed more efficiently in cancer care.

scholarly journals Benefits of EPAs at risk? The influence of the workplace environment on the uptake of EPAs in EPA-based curricula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Arthur van Loon ◽  
Linda Helena Anna Bonnie ◽  
Nynke van Dijk ◽  
Fedde Scheele
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Postgraduate Medical Education ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Workplace Environment ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
National Training ◽  
Local Medical Care

Abstract Introduction Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) have been applied differently in many postgraduate medical education (PGME) programmes, but the reasons for and the consequences of this variation are not well known. Our objective was to investigate how the uptake of EPAs is influenced by the workplace environment and to what extent the benefits of working with EPAs are at risk when the uptake of EPAs is influenced. This knowledge can be used by curriculum developers who intend to apply EPAs in their curricula. Method For this qualitative study, we selected four PGME programmes: General Practice, Clinical Geriatrics, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine. A document analysis was performed on the national training plans, supported by the AMEE Guide for developing EPA-based curricula and relevant EPA-based literature. Interviews were undertaken with medical specialists who had specific involvement in the development of the curricula. Content analysis was employed and illuminated the possible reasons for variation in the uptake of EPAs. Results An important part of the variation in the uptake of EPAs can be explained by environmental factors, such as patient population, the role of the physician in the health-care system, and the setup of local medical care institutions where the training programme takes place. The variation in uptake of EPAs is specifically reflected in the number and breadth of the EPAs, and in the way the entrustment decision is executed within the PGME programme. Discussion Due to variation in uptake of EPAs, the opportunities for trainees to work independently during the training programme might be challenging. EPAs can be implemented in the curriculum of PGME programmes in a meaningful way, but only if the quality of an EPA is assessed, future users are involved in the development, and the key feature of EPAs (the entrustment decision) is retained.

scholarly journals Implementation and effectiveness of a multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment at neighborhood senior centres

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Ern Mary Ng ◽  
Sean Olivia Nicholas ◽  
Shiou Liang Wee ◽  
Teng Yan Yau ◽  
Alvin Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Control Group

AbstractTo address the paucity of research investigating the implementation of multi-domain dementia prevention interventions, we implemented and evaluated a 24-week, bi-weekly multi-domain program for older adults at risk of cognitive impairment at neighborhood senior centres (SCs). It comprised dual-task exercises, cognitive training, and mobile application-based nutritional guidance. An RCT design informed by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework was adopted. Outcome measures include cognition, quality of life, blood parameters, and physical performance. Implementation was evaluated through questionnaires administered to participants, implementers, SC managers, attendance lists, and observations. The program reached almost 50% of eligible participants, had an attrition rate of 22%, and was adopted by 8.7% of the SCs approached. It was implemented as intended; only the nutritional component was re-designed due to participants’ unfamiliarity with the mobile application. While there were no between-group differences in cognition, quality of life, and blood parameters, quality of life reduced in the control group and physical function improved in the intervention group after 24 weeks. The program was well-received by participants and SCs. Our findings show that a multi-domain program for at-risk older adults has benefits and can be implemented through neighborhood SCs. Areas of improvement are discussed.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04440969 retrospectively registered on 22 June 2020.

scholarly journals Impact of flooding on health-related quality of life in England: results from the National Study of Flooding and Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 942-948
Author(s):  
Charlotte Robin ◽  
Charles Beck ◽  
Ben Armstrong ◽  
Thomas David Waite ◽  
G James Rubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
A Priori ◽  
National Study ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Euroqol Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Flooding can have extensive effects on the health and wellbeing of affected communities. The impact of flooding on psychological morbidity has been established; however, the wider impacts of flooding exposure, including on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), have not been described. Methods Using data from the English National Study of Flooding and Health cohort, HRQoL 2 and 3 years post-flooding was assessed with the EuroQol Group EQ-5D-5L tool. Associations between exposure groups (flooding and disruption from flooding) and HRQoL were assessed, using ordinal and linear regression, adjusting for a priori confounders. Results For both 2 and 3 years post-flooding, the median HRQoL scores were lower in the flooded and disrupted groups, compared with unaffected respondents. A higher proportion of flooded and disrupted respondents reported HRQoL problems in most dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L, compared with unaffected respondents. In year 2, independent associations between exposure to flooding and experiencing anxiety/depression [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7.7; 95% CI 4.6–13.5], problems with usual activities (aOR 5.3; 95% CI 2.5–11.9) and pain/discomfort (aOR 2.4; 95% CI 1.5–3.9) were identified. These problems persisted 3 years post-flooding; associations between exposure to flooding and experiencing anxiety/depression (aOR 4.3; 95% CI 2.5–7.7), problems with usual activities (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.5–6.1) and pain/discomfort (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.5–4.2) were identified. Conclusions Exposure to flooding and disruption from flooding significantly reduces HRQoL. These findings extend our knowledge of the impacts of flooding on health, with implications for multi-agency emergency response and recovery plans.

“Caring for the Elderly is Very Difficult”: Challenges and Coping Strategies of Caregivers in Urban Poor Accra, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098230
Author(s):  
Frank Kyei-Arthur ◽  
Samuel Nii Ardey Codjoe
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Coping

This study is part of a broader phenomenological study on the experiences of family caregivers and their care recipients. There is a general paucity of research on the experiences of primary and secondary caregivers, and the negative impact of elderly care on caregivers in the urban poor settings in Ghana. This study explored primary and secondary caregivers’ challenges and coping strategies in the urban poor context in Accra, Ghana. This study was conducted in Ga Mashie. Thirty-one caregivers were interviewed. A phenomenological analysis was conducted using NVivo 10. Primary and secondary caregivers experienced economic, physical, social, and psychological burdens. Also, caregivers used spirituality and perseverance to cope with their challenges. The findings demonstrate that caregivers’ challenges varied by type of caregiver. Researchers and policymakers should consider the type of caregiver when designing interventions to mitigate the negative impacts of family caregiving on caregivers.

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