scholarly journals Depressive Symptoms, Leisure Activity Engagement, and Global Cognition in Non-Hispanic White and Black Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 581-582
Author(s):  
A Zarina Kraal ◽  
Laura Zahodne ◽  
Neika Sharifian
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Global Cognition

Abstract Prior research has linked more depressive symptoms to worse global cognition in older adulthood through lower leisure activity engagement. Less is known regarding which types of activities drive these associations. Additionally, depressive symptoms disproportionately affect cognition in Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) versus Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). This cross-sectional study used data from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (n=453, 52% NHB, Mage=63.60 years) to examine whether distinct leisure activities (solitary-cognitive, solitary-creative, community-social, physical, intergenerational-social, cognitive-games) mediated the association between depressive symptoms and global cognition and whether race moderated these associations. Lower engagement in solitary-cognitive activities partially mediated the negative association between depressive symptoms and global cognition. In multi-group models, this indirect effect was only evident in NHBs, who showed a stronger negative association between depressive symptoms and activity engagement than NHWs. While cross-sectional, findings indicate that depressive symptoms may negatively impact cognition by reducing engagement in activities that promote cognitive reserve.

Participation in Leisure Activities by Portuguese Children With Cerebral Palsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 1051-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Vila-Nova ◽  
Raul Oliveira ◽  
Rita Cordovil
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Activity Types

Leisure participation contributes to the health and wellbeing of children with and without physical disabilities. In the present cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess the influence of child and family factors on leisure activity participation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 8-18 years. A convenience sample of 69 participants with CP (M age = 12.75 years, SD = 2.95; 45 males) responded to the Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment questionnaire to report participation diversity, frequency, companies, environment and enjoyment in leisure activities. From these questionnaires, we used descriptive statistics to summarize overall participation, two activity domains (formal and informal) and five activity types (recreational, social, active physical, skill-based, and self-improvement). Regression analysis assessed child and family factors’ influence on participation. On average, children with CP were involved in 21 leisure activities in the last four months. Within activity types, social and recreational activities were the most frequently reported. Participation in physical and skill-based activities was low. Overall children with CP experienced high enjoyment with engagement in leisure activities. Collectively, factors of age, cognitive function, gross motor function, and mother’s education level predicted 33% of activity diversity and 30% of activity frequency. We concluded that children with CP show diverse leisure activity participation and high leisure activity enjoyment. Health, education and sports professionals should consider the child’s functional profile and family context when promoting participation.

scholarly journals Leisure activities and depressive symptoms in older adults with cognitive complaints

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Poelke ◽  
Maria I. Ventura ◽  
Amy L. Byers ◽  
Kristine Yaffe ◽  
Rebecca Sudore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACTBackground:Depressive symptoms are common in older adults and associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment. Leisure activities are often promoted for individuals with mood symptoms but few studies compare the effects of different types of leisure activities on reducing depressive symptoms.Methods:Data were analyzed from participants enrolled from 2008–2009 in the Mental Activity and eXercise (MAX) Trial, which examined the effects of physical plus mental activity over 12 weeks in inactive older adults with cognitive complaints. There were no significant differences between intervention groups on the primary outcome of cognitive function or the secondary outcome of depressive symptoms; therefore, all participants were combined for the current analyses in which we examined changes in leisure activity engagement (Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS)), and changes in depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)) as a function of changes in leisure activity engagement from baseline to post-intervention.Results:Participants’ mean age was 73.0 years, 61.6% were female, and 63.6% were non-Hispanic white. There was a significant change in total hours per week engaged in leisure activities from baseline (36.7 hours, SD = 12.7) to post-intervention (40.4 hours, SD = 15.7; pairedt-testp= 0.02), and mean change in depressive symptoms was significantly inversely correlated with change in leisure activity hours such that increases in total leisure activity were associated with decreases in depressive symptoms (r= −0.21,p= 0.04).Conclusions:Increasing the total amount of leisure activity levels may help lower depressive symptoms in inactive older adults with cognitive complaints.

scholarly journals Relationships between cognitive leisure activities and cognitive function in older adults with depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e032679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Ji Kim ◽  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Satoshi Kurita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesThe current study aimed to elucidate the associations between cognitive leisure activities and cognitive function in an older population stratified by having or not having depressive symptoms.DesignA retrospective cross-sectional study based on a self-report questionnaire.SettingAnnual health check-ups in a rural community in Japan.ParticipantsA total of 11 010 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years (mean age: 74.0±5.4 years) was examined. Participants with missing data for the main outcome (n=1630) were excluded.Outcome measuresCognitive impairment was defined as at least 1.5 SD below the reference threshold (age-adjusted and education-adjusted score) on two of more of the tests in the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool. Depressive symptoms were defined by a 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale score ≥6. We assessed the frequency of participation in cognitive leisure activities using the validated scale (score: 0–42). A score of ≥8 points was defined as frequent participation in cognitive leisure activities.ResultsA total of 12.6% (n=1186) of the participants had depressive symptoms. There was a significant association between cognitive leisure activities and cognitive impairment in older adults (adjusted OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.65 to 0.94). In older adults with depressive symptoms, a higher frequency of cognitive leisure activities was negatively associated with cognitive impairment (adjusted OR=0.45, 95% CI=0.28 to 0.70). In contrast, there was no significant association in older adults without depressive symptoms (adjusted OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.70 to 1.02).ConclusionsEngaging in cognitive leisure activities in late life is associated with better cognitive function in older adults with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Forekomst, variasjon og kjønnsforskjeller av depressive symptomer blant barn og unge som deltar i ulike fritidsaktiviteter, en tverrsnittstudie

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Else Marie Lysfjord Juul ◽  
Odin Hjemdal ◽  
Tore Aune
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Significant Health

Prevalence, variation and gender differences of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents participating in various leisure activities, a cross-sectional study Depressive symptoms among children and adolescents pose a significant health challenge, yet little is known about gender differences, incidence and variation of depressive symptoms. A population-based sample of children and adolescents aged 11-14, (N = 1748) was mapped for the occurrence of depressive symptoms across various leisure activities. The results show that those who participate in sports, either exclusively or in combination with cultural activities, report lower levels of depressive symptoms compared to those who only participate in cultural activities. The study confirms a considerable incidence of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents and provide new knowledge of variation in the incidence of depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that special attention should be paid to children and adolescents neither participate in sports, nor a range of leisure activities.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

scholarly journals Psychosocial health of school-aged children during the initial COVID-19 safer-at-home school mandates in Florida: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. McKune ◽  
Daniel Acosta ◽  
Nick Diaz ◽  
Kaitlin Brittain ◽  
Diana Joyce- Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home School ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
K 12 ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Given the emerging literature regarding the impacts of lockdown measures on mental health, this study aims to describe the psychosocial health of school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 (n = 280) among K-12 students at a research school in North Central Florida. Bivariate analysis and logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) predictors of indicators of anxiety-related, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)-related symptoms. Outcomes (anxiety, OCD, and depressive related symptoms) were measured by indices generated based on reported symptoms associated with each psychosocial outcome. Results Loss of household income was associated with increased risk for all three index-based outcomes: depressive symptoms [aOR = 3.130, 95% CI = (1.41–6.97)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 2.531, 95%CI = (1.154–5.551)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 2.90, 95%CI = (1.32–6.36)]. Being female was associated with being at higher risk for depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.72, 95% CI = (1.02–2.93)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 1.75, 95% CI = (1.04–2.97)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 1.764, 95%CI = (1.027–3.028)]. Parental practices protective against COVID-19 were associated with children being at higher risk of depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = (1.04–2.31)]. Lower school level was associated with children being at higher risk of anxiety-related and OCD-related symptoms. Conclusions As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, schools should prioritize mental health interventions that target younger, female students, and children of families with income loss. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 through school closure may exacerbate negative psychosocial health outcomes in children, thus school administrators should move quickly to target those at greatest risk.

scholarly journals The prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoling Dai ◽  
Zichuan Yao ◽  
Xianqing Zhu ◽  
Yunzhong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 498 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, depressive symptoms, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression. Results Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 50.90% had depressive symptoms. Three independent risk factors were identified: poor sleep quality (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.384–1.896), lower optimism of psychological capital (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.805–0.960) and no visiting friend constantly (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.286–0.920). Conclusions This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of depressive symptoms in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified three risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, lower optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend constantly. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of depression and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

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