scholarly journals Health trajectories after age 60: the role of individual behaviours and social contexts

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 610-610
Author(s):  
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga ◽  
Xiaonan Hu ◽  
Miriam Haaksma ◽  
Debora Rizzuto ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
National Study ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Health Trajectories ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Baseline Information

Abstract This study aimed to detect different health trajectories after age 60, and to explore to what extent individual and social factors may contribute to healthier ageing. Twelve-year health trajectories were identified in subjects from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen (N=3108), integrating five indicators related to diseases, physical and cognitive function, and disability by means of nominal response models. Growth mixture models were applied to explore health trajectories in terms of rate and pattern of change. Baseline information about health-related behaviours and social context was collected through standardized questionnaires. The strength of the associations was estimated using logistic regression, and their impact through population attributable fractions (PAF). Three trajectories were identified grouping 78%, 18%, and 4% of people with respectively increasing rates of health decline Compared to the best trajectory, subjects in the middle and worst trajectories became functionally dependent 12.0 (95%CI:11.4-12.6) and 12.1 (95%CI:11.5-12.7) years earlier, respectively. Insufficient physical activity (OR:3.38, 95%CI:2.58-4.42), financial strain (OR:2.76, 95%CI:1.77-4.30), <12 years education (OR:1.53, 95%CI:1.14-2.04), low social connections (OR:1.45, 95%CI:1.09-1.94), low social participation (OR:1.39, 95%CI:1.06-1.83) and a body mass index ≥25 (OR:1.34, 95%CI:1.03-1.75) were associated with belonging to the middle/worst trajectories. The highest PAFs were observed for insufficient physical activity (27.1%), low education (19.3%) and low social participation (15.9%); a total PAF of 66.1% was obtained when considering all significant exposures together. Complementarily considering life-long factors belonging to the socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioural dimensions should be central to any strategy aimed at fostering health in older age.

Clustering of Sedentary Behaviors and Physical Activity among Youth: A Cross-National Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Marshall ◽  
Stuart J.H. Biddle ◽  
James F. Sallis ◽  
Thomas L. McKenzie ◽  
Terry L. Conway
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
National Study ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
Two Sides

Few studies have attempted to describe patterns of sedentary behavior among children and examine how these relate to patterns of physical activity. A group of 2,494 youth aged 11–15 years from the USA and UK completed a physical activity checklist. Low intercorrelations between sedentary behaviors suggest youth sedentariness is multifaceted and cannot be represented accurately by any one behavior such as TV viewing. Cluster analysis identified three groups of young people, differentiated by the level and type of sedentary behavior and physical activity. Physical activity and sedentary behavior are not two sides of the same coin. Further study should examine the health-related outcomes associated with sedentary behavior and the modifiable determinants of these behaviors among young people.

scholarly journals Correlations of Subjective and Social Well-Being With Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Older Adults—A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyun Chen ◽  
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga ◽  
Marguerita Saadeh ◽  
Ing-Mari Dohrn ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
National Study

Abstract Background Subjective and social well-being, avoiding sedentary behavior (SB), and engaging in physical activity (PA) are important factors for health in older adults, but the extent to which they are related to each other remains unclear. We aimed to investigate these correlations, and whether they differ by age. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out in 595 people aged 66 years and older, from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. Subjective and social well-being (life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, social connections, social support, and social participation) were assessed through validated questionnaires and activPAL3 accelerometers provided information on SB and PA. Data were analyzed using multi-adjusted quantile regression models. Results Higher positive affect was significantly associated with less daily sitting time (β = −27.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −47.77, −6.39) and higher levels of light PA (LPA) (β = 40.67, 95% CI: 21.06, 60.28). Higher levels of social support and social participation were associated with less daily sitting time (β = −22.79, 95% CI: −39.97, −5.62; and β = −21.22, 95% CI: −39.99, −2.44) and more time in LPA (β = 23.86, 95% CI: 4.91, 42.81; and β = 25.37, 95% CI: 6.27, 44.47). Stratified analyses suggested that the associations of positive affect and social participation were strongest for individuals aged 80 years and older. Conclusions Our results suggest that older adults with higher levels of subjective and social well-being spend less time sitting and engage more in PA. This was especially evident among the oldest-old individuals. Future research should longitudinally investigate the directionality of these correlations.

scholarly journals Older adults’ evaluations of the standard and modified pedometer-based Green Prescription

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Asmita Patel ◽  
Grant M. Schofield ◽  
Gregory S. Kolt ◽  
Justin W. L. Keogh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Care Programme ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Related

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONThe Green Prescription is a primary care programme designed to increase physical activity in individuals with low activity levels. Older adults tend to engage in insufficient physical activity to obtain health-related gain. AIMTo examine participants’ ratings of the Healthy Steps intervention and to assess how participants rated the use of a pedometer-based Green Prescription in aiding their physical activity. METHODSIn total, 330 community-dwelling older adults who have low levels of activity were randomised to receive either a standard time-based Green Prescription or a modified pedometer-based Green Prescription. Post-intervention, 259 participants completed the participant evaluation questionnaire via postal survey. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-squared analyses. RESULTSThe standard components of the Green Prescription (general practitioner consultations and telephone counselling) received similar and higher ratings across both allocation groups than the use of print materials. A pedometer-based Green Prescription was rated as being helpful in aiding physical activity. DISCUSSIONThis study supports the importance of general practitioners’ initial role in prescribing physical activity for older adults and of ongoing telephone support for longer-term adherence. Incorporating a pedometer can be effective in helping low-active older adults initiate and maintain regular physical activity.

Prevalence of Insufficient Physical Activity and Associated Factors in Brazilian Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano Peixoto Bastos ◽  
Cora Luiza Pavin Araújo ◽  
Pedro Curi Hallal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Related

Background:We aimed to describe levels of physical activity (PA) in adolescents living in southern Brazil and to explore associations between PA levels and demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, and parental variables. A further aim was to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire used.Methods:We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study including 857 adolescents selected randomly. Insufficient PA was defined as <300 min/wk of MVPA. PA data collected by questionnaire were compared with pedometer counts and with a longer version of the questionnaire in a subsample of 92 adolescents.Results:Reliability of the questionnaire was good, and its validity in comparison with a longer questionnaire was also satisfactory. In comparison with pedometer data, the questionnaire presented moderate agreement. The prevalence of insufficient PA in the whole sample was 69.8% (95% CI = 66.7–72.9). Boys were more active than girls. The prevalence of insufficient PA increased with age in girls but not in boys. Among boys, those from low socioeconomic levels were more likely to be sedentary. Among girls, paternal PA was directly associated with adolescent activity levels.Conclusions:Urgent strategies aimed at increasing levels of activity of adolescents are necessary in Brazil given the high prevalence of insufficient PA detected in this study. The variables associated with insufficient PA varied between boys and girls.

scholarly journals Lifestyle-related behaviors and health-related quality of life among children and adolescents in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Qin ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Robert S. Ware ◽  
Yugen Sha ◽  
Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Screen Viewing ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Purpose To investigate associations of five typical lifestyle-related behavioral risk factors (insufficient physical activity, prolonged screen viewing, deprived sleeping, consumption of fast food and sugar-sweetened beverage) with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among school students in China. Methods Students aged 9–17 years (grades 4–12) were randomly selected from primary and high schools in Nanjing, China, to participate in this cross-sectional study in 2018. The outcome variable, HRQoL, was assessed using the Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D) instrument and scored from 0 (worst) to 1 (best). Physical activity (including screen viewing and sleeping) and dietary intake were measured using a validated Physical Activity Scale and Food Frequency Questionnaire, respectively. Lifestyle-related behaviors were categorized as sufficient/insufficient or no/yes, and their associations with HRQoL were assessed using mixed-effects linear regression models. Results Overall, 4388 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate = 97.6%). Students with insufficient physical activity [mean difference (MD) = − 0.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) = − 0.04, − 0.01], prolonged screen time (MD = − 0.06; 95% CI = − 0.07, − 0.04), insufficient sleeping time (MD = − 0.04; 95% CI = − 0.07, − 0.02), consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage (MD = − 0.02; 95% CI = − 0.03, − 0.01) or fast food intake (MD = − 0.03; 95% CI = − 0.04, − 0.02) reported significantly lower HRQoL scores. When considered additively, each additional lifestyle-related risk factor was associated with an average decrease of 0.03 units (95% CI: − 0.03, − 0.02) CHU9D score. Conclusions For Chinese students, HRQoL was positively associated with physical activity and sleep duration, but negatively with screen time and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage and fast food. Moreover, lifestyle-related behaviors may have an additive effect on HRQoL.

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