scholarly journals Perceived Stress and Life Stressors in Adults With and Without Fibromyalgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 617-617
Author(s):  
Ha Nguyen ◽  
Courtney Buck ◽  
Barbara Cherry ◽  
Laura Zettel-Watson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Fibromyalgia (FM) is a widespread chronic pain condition often accompanied by comorbid conditions, such as depression, which may impact perception of stress severity. The current study examined perceived stress and life stressors in adults ages 50 and older with and without FM. It was hypothesized that individuals with FM and/or depression would subjectively rate stressors as more severe than those without. Ninety-four participants (52% with FM, 78% female) aged 50 to 93 (M = 67.72, SD = 9.26) were administered the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) to measure perception of stress and an updated version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) to assess stressors (i.e., major life events). The difference between the SRRS pre-determined values and participants' subjective ratings was calculated. Difference scores indicated that self-reported severity exceeded standardized values. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that older adults and men were less likely to report exaggerated stress severity. Controlling for age and gender, individuals with FM were significantly more likely to report stress severity far above standardized severity scores. Both depression and chronic pain impact stress ratings, but when controlling for the former, FM impact was no longer significant, suggesting that the impact is significantly greater for depression. Results also found a significant interaction between FM status and depression for perceived stress, but not for life event stressors, which may further emphasize the distinctions between the two measures. The findings underline the importance of assessing different types of stress and stressors in individuals with chronic pain and other related comorbidities.

scholarly journals PAIN AND DEPRESSION AFFECT SELF-REPORTED STRESS RATINGS IN ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT FIBROMYALGIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S716-S716
Author(s):  
Ha M Nguyen ◽  
Kristen Phillips ◽  
Barbara J Cherry ◽  
Laura Zettel-Watson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Stress Perception ◽  
Chronic Pain Condition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Social Readjustment Rating Scale ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition characterized by tenderness, fatigue, stiffness, joint pain, and physical and emotional distress. Depression is common, as well, and stress may be perceived as more severe. The current study examines perceived stress in adults ages 50 and older with and without FM. It was hypothesized that individuals with FM and/or depression would subjectively rate stressors as more severe compared to those without. Ninety-four participants (53% with FM, 78% female) aged 50 to 93 (M = 67.72, SD = 9.26) were administered an updated version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) to assess amount of stress experienced in the past year. The difference between the SRRS pre-determined values and participants’ subjective ratings was calculated. Lower difference scores indicated that self-reported severity exceeded standardized values. Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that older adults and men were less likely to report exaggerated stressor severity (p < .05). Controlling for age and gender, individuals with FM were significantly more likely to report stressor severity far above standardized severity scores (p < .05). Results also revealed that both depression and chronic pain impact stress ratings, but impact is significantly greater for depression (p < .001). When controlling for depression, FM impact is no longer significant, suggesting that depression is a stronger predictor of subjective stress. The findings emphasize the importance of stress management and lifestyle changes to reduce the likelihood of depression and stress perception in individuals experiencing chronic pain.

Environment and ageing biology

2017 ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Arun S. Karlamangla ◽  
Teresa E. Seeman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The Body ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Psychosocial factors over the life course and major life events are associated with the health, functional status, and survival of older adults. This chapter discusses the biological mechanisms through which these influences are thought to operate, and how life stresses might accelerate the usual ageing of biological systems. It starts with a brief description of psychosocial determinants of health and functioning before elaborating on the allostatic mechanisms by which the body adapts its internal physiological milieu in response to perceived stressors. The price paid for frequent and recurring adaptation is eventual dysregulation of the mediators of allostasis, or allostatic load. We close with a brief discussion of allostatic load links to health outcomes in older adults and potential interventions that might ameliorate the impact of psychosocial adversities on health.

scholarly journals Early Changes in Pain Acceptance Predict Pain Outcomes in Interdisciplinary Treatment for Chronic Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Probst ◽  
Jank ◽  
Dreyer ◽  
Seel ◽  
Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Interdisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Pain Acceptance ◽  
Pain Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Studies have shown that pain acceptance is associated with a better pain outcome. The current study explored whether changes in pain acceptance in the very early treatment phase of an interdisciplinary cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)-based treatment program for chronic pain predict pain outcomes. A total of 69 patients with chronic, non-malignant pain (at least 6 months) were treated in a day-clinic for four-weeks. Pain acceptance was measured with the Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ), pain outcomes included pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS) as well as affective and sensory pain perception (Pain Perception Scale, SES-A and SES-S). Regression analyses controlling for the pre-treatment values of the pain outcomes, age, and gender were performed. Early changes in pain acceptance predicted pain intensity at post-treatment measured with the NRS (B = −0.04 (SE = 0.02); T = −2.28; p = 0.026), affective pain perception at post-treatment assessed with the SES-A (B = −0.26 (SE = 0.10); T = −2.79; p = 0.007), and sensory pain perception at post-treatment measured with the SES-S (B = -0.19 (SE = 0.08); T = -2.44; p = 0.017) . Yet, a binary logistic regression analysis revealed that early changes in pain acceptance did not predict clinically relevant pre-post changes in pain intensity (at least 2 points on the NRS). Early changes in pain acceptance were associated with pain outcomes, however, the impact was beneath the threshold defined as clinically relevant.

Body compassion safeguards against the impact of major life events on binge eating

Appetite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafalda Barata-Santos ◽  
Joana Marta-Simões ◽  
Cláudia Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Binge Eating ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Body Compassion

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Occurrence and Perceived Stress of Major Life Events in Black and White Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anissa I. Vines ◽  
Myduc Ta ◽  
Denise Esserman ◽  
Donna D. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
White Women ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Black And White

scholarly journals Prevalence And Factors Associated With Depression Among Medical Students In Africa; A Systematic Review Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Ndutard Ngasa ◽  
Carlson Babila Sama ◽  
Bonoventure Suiru Dzekem ◽  
Neh Chang ◽  
Maxime Tindong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Review Study ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Depression in its severe form can lead to suicide. In Africa, a couple of studies have been carried to evaluate depression in medical students. These studies have provided variable findings on the prevalence of depression in medical students and associated factors. Given the considerable variability and somewhat controversial findings in the different studies, there is a need for a systematic review study to critically appraise the existing literature.Methods: This was a systematic review of studies published between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019 in the selected databases. We used Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) combining relevant keywords to search the databases.Results: Data was extracted from 4 studies included in this review involving a total number of 1848 medical students. The prevalence of depressive symptoms range from 23.3 to 76.5% and major depression was reported in 15.6% and 30.6% of participants in 2 studies. Female gender and being a student in higher level of studies were significantly associated with depression in all included studies. Other factors associated with higher levels of depression included smoking, alcohol consumption, being unmarried, major life events, presence of other mental health condition and the presence of chronic medical condition.Conclusion: Despite paucity of research on depression among medical students in Africa, this review shows that depressive symptoms are common and associated with a number of socioeconomic factors. Being a female student and/or higher level of medical education is associated with depression. There is need for more robust studies to evaluate the impact of depression on medical students.

scholarly journals The impact of major life events on household asset portfolio rebalancing

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-347
Author(s):  
Tracey West ◽  
Andrew Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Household Asset ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Portfolio Rebalancing ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Asset Portfolio ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to model the asset portfolio rebalancing decisions of Australian households experiencing a severe life event shock. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses household longitudinal data from the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey since 2001. The major life events are serious illness or injury, death of a spouse, job dismissal or redundancy and separation from a spouse. The asset classes are bank accounts, cash investments, equities, superannuation (private pensions), life insurance, trust funds, owner-occupied housing, investor housing, business assets, vehicles and collectibles. The authors use both static and dynamic Tobit models to assess the impact and duration of impact of the shocks. Findings Serious illness and injury, loss of employment, separation and spousal death cause households to rebalance portfolios in ways that can have detrimental effects on long-term wealth accumulation through poor market timing and the incurring of transaction costs. Research limitations/implications The survey results are only available since 2001, and the wealth module from which the asset data are drawn is self-reported and not available every year. Practical implications Relevant to policymakers working on the ongoing retirement of the “baby boomer” generation and for financial planners guiding household investment decisions. Originality/value Most research on shocks to household wealth concern a narrower range of assets and only limited shocks. Also, this is one of the few studies to use a random effects model to allow for unspecified heterogeneity among households.

scholarly journals Quality of life in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: The impact of symptomatic remission and resilience

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hofer ◽  
Y. Mizuno ◽  
F. Wartelsteiner ◽  
W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker ◽  
B. Frajo-Apor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Young Mania ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lower Hrqol ◽  
Symptomatic Remission ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is significantly affected in individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder (BD-I). The current study investigated whether symptomatic remission and resilience might differently impact HRQOL in these patients.Methods:Fifty-two patients with schizophrenia and 60 patients suffering from BD-I from outpatient mental health services as well as 77 healthy control subjects from the general community were included into a cross-sectional study. HRQOL and resilience were assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF and the Resilience Scale. In patients, psychopathology was quantified by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale or the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Young Mania Rating Scale, respectively.Results:Notably, both patient groups showed lower HRQOL and resilience compared to control subjects, non-remitted patients indicated lower HRQOL than remitted ones. The effect of remission on HRQOL was significantly larger in patients with BD-I than in those with schizophrenia but did not explain the difference in HRQOL between groups. Resilience predicted HRQOL in all three groups. When accounting for the effect of resilience among remitted patients, only the difference in HRQOL between schizophrenia patients and control subjects was significant.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate the impact of symptomatic remission and resilience on HRQOL of both patients suffering from schizophrenia and BD-I and indicate that these factors are especially relevant for HRQOL of patients with BD-I.

Does the impact of major stressful life events on the risk of developing depression change throughout life?

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1177-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. KESSING ◽  
E. AGERBO ◽  
P. B. MORTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Background. It is unclear whether there is an interaction of ageing on the association between major life events and onset of depression.Method. This was a population-based nested case–control study with linkage of the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register and the Integrated Database for Longitudinal Labour Market Research. The study includes data on all admissions at psychiatric wards in Denmark from 1981 to 1998 and data on sociodemographic variables and death/suicide of first-degree relatives.Results. A total of 13006 patients who received a diagnosis of depression at the first ever admission at a psychiatric ward and a gender- and age-matched control group of 260108 subjects were identified. A recent divorce and recent unemployment and suicide of a relative (mother, father, sibling, child, spouse) were associated with increased risk of being admitted for the first time ever at a psychiatric ward with a diagnosis of depression whereas death of a relative by causes other than suicide years had no significant effect. In general, no interaction was found with age with any of the variables, totally, or for men or women, separately.Conclusions. The susceptibility to major life stressors does not seem to change throughout life.

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