scholarly journals Multifaceted sleep health score is associated with frailty in a national sample of older adults in Taiwan: Sex matters

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1047-1048
Author(s):  
Tuo Yu Chen ◽  
Soomi Lee ◽  
Orfeu Buxton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Sleep Satisfaction

Abstract Although individual sleep characteristics are related to frailty, these characteristics do not occur separately. A multidimensional measure of sleep might provide a better estimation of frailty compared to isolated sleep characteristics. This study investigated the association of a multidimensional measure of sleep health with frailty and examined whether such relationship differed by sex. Data were from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (2011), a survey with a nationally representative sample of Taiwanese older adults (N=2,015). Frailty was defined using the Fried-criteria. Self-reported sleep during the past month was used to conceptualize the five sleep health dimensions in the SATED model (satisfaction-alertness-timing-efficiency-duration; higher scores representing better sleep health). Their relationship was estimated using logistic regression analysis adjusting for sociodemographic (age, sex, education), health (chronic conditions, cognitive function, pain, depressive symptoms [excluding items overlapping with frailty and sleep]), and lifestyle (drinking, smoking, exercise) characteristics. The results showed that having a better sleep health composite score was significantly related to lower odds of being frail in both sexes adjusting for sociodemographic information. Such effect remained significant among females but not males after adding health and lifestyle characteristics to the models. Sleep satisfaction and daytime alertness in both sexes and sleep duration among females were significantly associated with frailty adjusting for sociodemographic information. Only alertness among males was significantly related to frailty in model with all covariates. Our findings show that having a better sleep health across multiple dimensions is related to a lower risk of being frail, and the association differs by sex.

scholarly journals Falls among older adults in the Philippines and Vietnam: Results from nationally representative samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1042-1042
Author(s):  
Tuo Yu Chen ◽  
Grace Cruz ◽  
Cong Nguyen Vu ◽  
Yasuhiko Saito
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Falls are a major public health issues globally. However, no study with nationally representative samples, previously, had been done to understand falls among older adults in the Philippines and Vietnam. Using a biopsychosocial perspective, this study investigated the prevalence of falls and their associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in these countries. Cross-sectional data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Health in the Philippines (N = 4,606) and the Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Health in Vietnam (N = 4,378). The outcome variables were any falls in the past year. Independent variables included biophysical factors (vision/chronic conditions/functional impairments/pain locations/insomnia symptoms/sleep medications/grip strength/walking speed/postural control), psychological factors (depressive symptoms), and sociodemographic factors (age/sex/education/living in urban area/living alone/social network size). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze data. The results showed that 17.7% of the Filipino older adults fell in the past year and it was 7.3% among Vietnamese older adults. Significant factors that increased the odds of any falls among Filipino older adults were having a higher level of education, living in urban area, living with others, experiencing more functional impairments, reporting one or more pain locations, and having poor grip strength. In Vietnam, having more chronic conditions, experiencing more functional impairments, and reporting two or more pain locations were found to increase the odds of any falls. Population in the Philippines and Vietnam are aging rapidly. Findings from this study are timely in identifying at-risk individuals and preparing for effective falls prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Identifying Predictive Characteristics of Opioid Medication Use among a Nationally Representative Sample of United States Older Adults with Pain and Comorbid Hypertension or Hypercholesterolemia

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
David R. Axon ◽  
Shannon Vaffis ◽  
Srujitha Marupuru
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Opioid Users

The prevalence of older adults with pain and comorbid cardiovascular conditions is increasing in the United States (U.S.). This retrospective, cross-sectional database study used 2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data and hierarchical logistic regression models to identify predictive characteristics of opioid use among a nationally representative sample of older U.S. adults (aged ≥50 years) with pain in the past four weeks and comorbid hypertension (pain–hypertension group) or hypercholesterolemia (pain–hypercholesterolemia group). The pain–hypertension group included 2733 subjects (n = 803 opioid users) and the pain–hypercholesterolemia group included 2796 subjects (n = 795 opioid users). In both groups, predictors of opioid use included: White race versus others, Hispanic versus non-Hispanic ethnicity, 1 versus ≥5 chronic conditions, little/moderate versus quite a bit/extreme pain, good versus fair/poor perceived mental health, functional limitation versus no functional limitation, smoker versus non-smoker, and Northeast versus West census region. In addition, Midwest versus West census region was a predictor in the pain–hypertension group, and 4 versus ≥5 chronic conditions was a predictor in the pain–hypercholesterolemia group. In conclusion, several characteristics of older U.S. adults with pain and comorbid hypertension or hypercholesterolemia were predictive of opioid use. These characteristics could be addressed to optimize individuals’ pain management and help address the opioid overdose epidemic.

scholarly journals Functional Hearing Loss and Social Engagement Among Medicare Beneficiaries

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishwarya Shukla ◽  
Thomas K M Cudjoe ◽  
Frank R Lin ◽  
Nicholas S Reed
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Hearing loss is common in older adults and limits communication. We investigated the independent association between functional hearing loss and social engagement in a nationally representative sample of older adults. Methods Using data from the 2015 Medicare Current Beneficiaries Survey, we modeled the cross-sectional association between self-reported hearing ability and limitation in social activity over the past month using multivariable logistic regression. Results The majority of the study population was female (54.8%) and non-Hispanic white (74.3%). Participants (40.4%) reported “a little trouble” hearing and 7.4% reported “a lot of trouble” hearing. Those who reported any trouble hearing had higher odds of limited social engagement in the past month. After adjustment for demographic, clinical, and functional covariates, those who reported “a lot of trouble” hearing had 37% higher odds of limited social activity in the past month compared to those with normal hearing. Discussion These results suggest that hearing loss may be an important risk factor for limited social engagement and downstream negative health consequences, independent of other disability and health conditions.

Prevalence of Elder Polyvictimization in the United States: Data From the National Elder Mistreatment Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4517-4532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joah L. Williams ◽  
Elise H. Racette ◽  
Melba A. Hernandez-Tejada ◽  
Ron Acierno
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
States Data ◽  
Nationally Representative

Elder abuse, including emotional, physical, sexual, financial, and neglectful mistreatment is widespread in the United States, with as much as 11% of community-residing older adults experiencing some form of abuse in the past year. Little data exist regarding the prevalence of polyvictimization, or experience of multiple forms of abuse, which may exacerbate negative outcomes over that of any one form of victimization in isolation. This study evaluates the prevalence of elder polyvictimization among a nationally representative sample of community-residing U.S. older adults. Data from the National Elder Mistreatment Study were examined using bivariate and logistic regression analyses. Approximately, 1.7% of older adults experienced past-year polyvictimization, for which risk factors included problems accomplishing activities of daily living (odds ratio [OR] = 2.47), low social support (OR = 1.64), and past experience of traumatic events (OR = 4.81). Elder polyvictimization is a serious problem affecting community-residing older adults with identifiable targets for intervention.

Self-reported disposal of leftover opioids among US adults 50–80

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 949-954
Author(s):  
Calista M Harbaugh ◽  
Preeti Malani ◽  
Erica Solway ◽  
Matthias Kirch ◽  
Dianne Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Poll ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Opioid Medications

ObjectiveTo test the association between self-reported opioid disposal education and self-reported disposal of leftover opioids among older adults.DesignWeb-based survey from the National Poll on Healthy Aging (March 2018) using population-based weighting for nationally representative estimates.SubjectsOlder adults aged 50–80 years who reported filling an opioid prescription within the past 2 years.MethodsRespondents were asked whether they received education from a prescriber or pharmacist on how to dispose of leftover opioids and whether they disposed of leftover opioids from recent prescriptions. The association between self-reported opioid disposal education and self-reported disposal of leftover opioids was estimated with multivariable logistic regression, testing for interactions with respondent demographics.ResultsAmong 2013 respondents (74% response rate), 596 (28.9% (26.8%–31.2%)) were prescribed opioids within the past 2 years. Education on opioid disposal was reported by 40.1% of respondents (35.8%–44.5%). Among 295 respondents with leftover medication, 19.0% (14.6%–24.5%) disposed of the leftover medications. Opioid disposal education was associated with a greater likelihood of self-reported disposal of leftover opioids among non-white respondents as compared with white non-Hispanic respondents (36.7% (16.8%–56.6%) vs 7.8% (0.1%–15.6%), p<0.01).ConclusionsIn this nationally representative survey, 49% had leftover opioids, yet only 20% of older adults reported disposal of leftover opioids. Opioid disposal education was variable in delivery, but was associated with disposal behaviors among certain populations. Strategies to promote disposal should integrate patient education on the risks of leftover opioid medications and explore additional barriers to accessing opioid disposal methods.

Sleep health in U.S. adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Hisler ◽  
Jean Twenge
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

Understanding how health has changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to reducing and recovering from the pandemic. This study focused on how sleep health in the United States may have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep duration and number of days in the past week with difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and not feeling rested in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults collected before the COVID-19 outbreak (2018 National Health Interview Survey, n = 19,433) was compared to the same measures in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults collected during the COVID-19 outbreak (2020 Luc.id, n = 2,059). Sleep duration was slightly shorter in 2020 than 2018 (d = -.05). Moreover, the prevalence of insufficient sleep duration (RR = 1.20) and the number of days with difficulty falling asleep (d = .54), difficulty staying asleep (d =.36), and not feeling rested (d = .14) was greater in 2020 than 2018. Twice as many people in 2020 reported experiencing at least one night of difficulty falling asleep (RR = 1.95) or staying asleep (RR = 1.75). Adults younger than 60 and those who belonged to an Asian racial group had larger differences than other age and racial groups between 2018 and 2020. Thus, sleep health in U.S. adults was worse in 2020 than in 2018, particularly in younger and Asian adults. Findings highlight sleep as target in future research and interventions seeking to understand and reduce the effects of the spread of COVID-19.

546 Association of personality traits with napping behaviors in older adults

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A215-A215
Author(s):  
Yuqi Shen ◽  
Darlynn Rojo-Wissar ◽  
Katherine Duggan ◽  
Brant Hasler ◽  
Adam Spira
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Nighttime Sleep ◽  
Representative Cohort

Abstract Introduction Greater neuroticism and lower conscientiousness are linked to poorer nighttime sleep among older adults, but little is known about the association between personality and daytime sleep. Napping increases in older adulthood, and napping has been linked to health outcomes, including cognitive impairment. Thus, it is important to extend personality and sleep research to investigate napping behavior. We examined the association between personality and napping in a nationally representative cohort of older adults. Methods We studied 742 adults aged ≥65 years from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) who completed the sleep and personality modules in NHATS rounds 3 or 4 (2013–2014). Personality dimensions (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness) were assessed by the Midlife Development Inventory Personality Scales. Participants reported nap frequency over the past month (most days or everyday [nappers-frequent]; some days [nappers-infrequent]; rarely/never [non-nappers]); napping intention (intentional/unintentional); and average nap duration (coded as ≤40 minutes [short]; and &gt;40 minutes [long], consistent with previous studies). Personality dimensions were included together in all models. Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, education, and BMI, and Model 2 further adjusted for anxiety and depression, comorbidities, sleep medications, and nighttime sleep duration. Only nappers were included in models with nap frequency, intention, or duration as outcomes (n=387). Results There were no personality differences between nappers and non-nappers. Among nappers, however, higher neuroticism was associated with lower odds of frequent naps (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.55,0.97), and higher agreeableness was associated with greater odds of unintentional napping (OR=1.95, 95% CI:1.12, 3.41) and lower odds of long nap duration (OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.33, 0.90) in Model 1. Associations remained in Model 2. Higher neuroticism was also associated with greater odds of long nap duration in Model 1 (OR=1.40, 95% CI:1.03, 1.91), but not after further adjustment in Model 2. Conclusion This is, to our knowledge, the first study examining the association between personality and daytime napping behaviors among a large sample of older adults, extending the literature on personality and nighttime sleep in this population. Because napping behaviors are associated with health outcomes, personality may be an important factor to consider in interventions addressing napping. Support (if any) NIH grant 5T32MH014592-39

scholarly journals Trends for Reported Discrimination in Health Care in a National Sample of Older Adults with Chronic Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu T. Nguyen ◽  
Anusha M. Vable ◽  
M. Maria Glymour ◽  
Amani Nuru-Jeter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
National Sample

Nationally Representative Health Care Expenditures of Community-Based Older Adults with Pain in the United States Prescribed Opioids vs Those Not Prescribed Opioids

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R Axon ◽  
Marion Slack ◽  
Leila Barraza ◽  
Jeannie K Lee ◽  
Terri Warholak
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Prescription Status

Abstract Objective To compare health care expenditures between older US adults (≥50 years) with pain who were prescribed opioid medications and those who were not. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Community-based adults in the 2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Subjects Nationally representative sample of US adults alive for the calendar year, aged 50 years or older, who reported having pain in the past four weeks. Methods Older US adults (≥50 years) with pain in the 2015 MEPS data were identified. The key independent variable was opioid prescription status (prescribed opioid vs not prescribed opioid). Hierarchical linear regression models assessed health care expenditures (inpatient, outpatient, office-based, emergency room, prescription medications, other, and total) in US dollars for opioid prescription status from a community-dwelling US population perspective, adjusting for covariates. Results The 2015 study cohort provided a national estimate of 50,898,592 noninstitutionalized US adults aged ≥50 years with pain in the past four weeks (prescribed opioid N = 16,757,516 [32.9%], not prescribed opioid N = 34,141,076 [67.1%]). After adjusting for covariates, individuals prescribed an opioid had 61% greater outpatient (β = 0.477, P &lt; 0.0001), 69% greater office-based (β = 0.524, P &lt; 0.0001), 14% greater emergency room (β = 0.131, P = 0.0045), 63% greater prescription medication (β = 0.486, P &lt; 0.0001), 29% greater other (β = 0.251, P = 0.0002), and 105% greater total (β = 0.718, P &lt; 0.0001) health care expenditures. There was no difference in opioid prescription status for inpatient expenditures (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions This study raises awareness of the economic impact associated with opioid use among US older adults with pain. Future research should investigate these variables in greater depth, over longer time periods, and in additional populations.

Beyond Death: Inheriting the Past and Giving to the Future, Transmitting the Legacy of One's Self

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Index Card ◽  
Making Meaning ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Primary Form

This study explores the phenomenon of legacy as a component of the aging experience among women. Against a backdrop of prior focus on transmission of material possessions as the primary form of legacy, the concept is critically examined in developing an expanded, theoretically and empirically grounded perspective. In-depth interviews with 38 women, ranging in age from 31 to 94 and representing diverse marital, parental, and health statuses, reveal multiple dimensions of leaving a legacy in terms of content, creation, and transmission. Through the stories of the participants in this study, legacy emerges as a means of passing on the essence of one's self, in particular one's values and beliefs. Legacy is a method of leaving something behind after death and making meaning of the end of life. The desire to leave a legacy is manifest in many different ways dependent on the individual and their culture. While the idea of legacy is often couched in terms of material possessions, it appears that passing on values and beliefs is more important to older adults. Legacy—I was awakened to that idea while watching the movie Armistad. The man talks about how he is a collection of all of his ancestors. I never really thought about that before. I wrote this thing out on an index card and stuck it in my room. It says “I am all that I am for all that those have gone before me. I carry all of them in me.” When I was thinking about it in that way I thought wow, I have a lot to live up to. (Lisa K, 63 years old)

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