TRAJECTORIES OF GRIP STRENGTH, CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS, AND DISABILITY ON OLDER ADULTS

Abstract Heart disease is prevalent among older adults. The aim of this study was to a) identify different health behavioral motivation profiles among older adults; and b) investigate if these profiles differed in physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors. Data on 79 participants (mean age = 68.76 years) was collected. Participants’ degree of intrinsic/extrinsic motivation for diet and exercise was assessed using intuitive eating and self-determination scales. Cardiometabolic risk factors included inflammation and blood lipids. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the optimal number of groups and one-way ANOVAs assessed group differences on the variables of interest. Three profiles were found to best represent the data. The most self-determined, or most intrinsically motivated, group comprised the highest number of participants. In line with Self-Determination Theory, this group demonstrated the highest levels of objective and self-reported physical activity as well as the lowest inflammation and most optimal cholesterol measures. The group with the lowest intuitive eating and high identified exercise regulation scores exhibited the worst outcomes among the three groups. The results suggest that among older adults, different types and levels of motivation for diet and exercise can coexist and interact, and these differences produce varying health outcomes. If supported by future work, these findings can inform practitioners in developing more specific and tailored interventions relevant to older adults based on their motivational profile.

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Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors after High-Velocity Circuit Resistance or Treadmill Training in Older Adults

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000518554.69553.8c ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (5S) ◽

pp. 594

Author(s):

Melanie Potiaumpai ◽

Kirk Roberson ◽

Kayla Widdowson ◽

Sean Chowdhari ◽

Annmarie Jaghab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

High Velocity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Treadmill Training ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Circuit Resistance

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Urban Neighbourhood Environments, Cardiometabolic Health and Cognitive Function: A National Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Australia

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics10010023 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Ester Cerin ◽

Anthony Barnett ◽

Jonathan E. Shaw ◽

Erika Martino ◽

Luke D. Knibbs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

Environmental Features

Population ageing and urbanisation are global phenomena that call for an understanding of the impacts of features of the urban environment on older adults’ cognitive function. Because neighbourhood characteristics that can potentially have opposite effects on cognitive function are interdependent, they need to be considered in conjunction. Using data from an Australian national sample of 4141 adult urban dwellers, we examined the extent to which the associations of interrelated built and natural environment features and ambient air pollution with cognitive function are explained by cardiometabolic risk factors relevant to cognitive health. All examined environmental features were directly and/or indirectly related to cognitive function via other environmental features and/or cardiometabolic risk factors. Findings suggest that dense, interconnected urban environments with access to parks, blue spaces and low levels of air pollution may benefit cognitive health through cardiometabolic risk factors and other mechanisms not captured in this study. This study also highlights the need for a particularly fine-grained characterisation of the built environment in research on cognitive function, which would enable the differentiation of the positive effects of destination-rich neighbourhoods on cognition via participation in cognition-enhancing activities from the negative effects of air pollutants typically present in dense, destination-rich urban areas.

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Associations between empirically derived dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among older adult men

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000725 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hadis Mozaffari ◽

Yahya Jalilpiran ◽

Katherine Suitor ◽

Nick Bellissimo ◽

Leila Azadbakht

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

High Serum ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Public Health Burden ◽

Unhealthy Diet

Abstract. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death globally, and epidemiological studies have suggested a link between diet and cardiometabolic risk. Currently, the prevalence of CVD is rapidly increasing with an aging population and continues to contribute to the growing economic and public health burden. However, there is limited evidence available regarding dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors in males ≥60 years. Factor analysis identified a “healthy” diet and an “unhealthy” diet as the two primary dietary patterns. Multivariable logistic regression was used for estimating the associations of identified dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors including anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic biomarkers, lipid profile, and inflammatory biomarkers. A healthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with decreased odds of high serum fasting blood sugar (FBS) (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.15–0.67; Ptrend=0.002), but increased odds of high serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.02–3.24; Ptrend=0.04). In comparison, an unhealthy diet was associated with increased odds of obesity (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.31–4.15; Ptrend=0.004) and high LDL-C (OR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.10–2.61; Ptrend=0.02). Thus, in older adults, adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern has a significant impact on clinically relevant risk factors for cardiometabolic risk.

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Physical Activity and Sedentary Patterns among Metabolically Healthy Individuals Living with Obesity

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2018/7496768 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Marika de Winter ◽

Brittany V. Rioux ◽

Jonathan G. Boudreau ◽

Danielle R. Bouchard ◽

Martin Sénéchal

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Behavior Patterns ◽

Metabolically Healthy

Background. Some individuals living with obesity are free from typical cardiometabolic risk factors and are termed metabolically healthy obese (MHO). The patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviors among MHO are currently unknown. Methods. This study includes 414 youth (12–18 years old), 802 adults (19–44 years old), and 1230 older adults (45–85 years old) living with obesity from the 2003-2004 or 2005-2006 NHANES cycles. Time spent in bouts of 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time was measured objectively using accelerometers. Participants were categorized as MHO if they had no cardiometabolic risk factors above the identified thresholds (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and glucose). Results. The proportion of MHO was 19%, 14%, and 12% in youth, adults, and older adults, respectively. MHO adults displayed a higher 1-minute bout of MVPA per day compared to non-MHO (p=0.02), but no difference was observed for MVPA and sedentary behavior patterns for youth and older adults. When adjusted for confounders, all bouts of sedentary behavior patterns in youth were significantly associated with being classified as MHO. Conclusion. This study suggests that greater sedentary time is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in youth even if they are physically active.

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Association of dietary energy density with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome in Tehranian older adults

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.34172/jcvtr.2020.17 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 97-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hossein Shahinfar ◽

Maryam Safabakhsh ◽

Sara Mansouri ◽

Kurosh Djafarian ◽

Cain C. T. Clark ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Energy Density ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Dietary Energy Density

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the consumption of an energy-dense diet and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 226 older adults who were living in Tehran, Iran. Dietary energy density (DED) was calculated as energy per weight of food, kcal/g. The usual intake of participants was measured using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood sugar, serum lipid profile and blood pressure and were assessed. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP ATP III). Results: Those who were in the third tertile of DED compared to the first tertile had 19% lower odds of having the cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) 0.81 (0.39,1.68) but the association was no significant (P=0.58). There was a significant inverse association between DED and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β=-0.14, P=0.03) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β=-0.17, P=0.01). We did not find any significant association between intake of energy-dense foods and serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (P=0.62), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P=0.06), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P=0.72) and waist circumference (WC) (P=0.28). Conclusion: DED is negatively associated with SBP and DBP in Iranian older adults. Prospective studies are needed to establish a causal link between DED and MetS and risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

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Nutritional Status of Older Adults Who Are Overweight or Obese Compared to Those with a Healthy Weight, NHANES 2011–2014 (P01-001-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz028.p01-001-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Shinyoung Jun ◽

Alexandra Cowan ◽

Anindya Bhadra ◽

Kevin Dodd ◽

Johanna Dwyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Self Report ◽

Healthy Weight ◽

Men And Women

Abstract Objectives The purpose was to evaluate nutritional status, food security, and related health factors of older adults who were overweight or obese compared to those with a healthy weight. Methods Data from 2969 adults aged ≥60 years from NHANES 2011–2014 were analyzed. Participants were categorized by sex and body weight status as healthy weight (body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) 18.5–24.9), overweight (BMI 25–29.9), or obese (BMI ≥ 30); underweight individuals were excluded. Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores and total usual micronutrient intakes from foods and dietary supplements were estimated using two 24-hour dietary recalls and the National Cancer Institute method. Nutritional biomarkers, including serum vitamin D, vitamin B-12, and methylmalonic acid, and cardiometabolic risk factors were also assessed. Results A substantial proportion of older adults (>30%) had intakes below Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) for calcium, magnesium, and vitamins C and D even with dietary supplements. Men and women with obesity had a higher prevalence of usual magnesium intakes <EAR compared to those with a healthy weight; among women only, the same was true for calcium, vitamins B-6 and D. Both men and women with obesity had significantly lower HEI-2015 scores than those with a healthy weight. The proportion of those with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 40 nmol/L was higher in women with obesity (12%) than in women with a healthy weight (6%). Men and women who were overweight or obese were more likely to self-report fair/poor health, use ≥5 medications, and have cardiometabolic risk factors, including elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, compared to individuals with a healthy weight. Women with obesity were more likely to be food-insecure and depressed, while men with obesity were less likely to consume government/community meals, compared to their counterparts. Conclusions Older adults with obesity had higher risk of inadequate intakes for several key micronutrients, lower overall dietary quality, and higher prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors compared to older adults with a healthy weight. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health.

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