ASSOCIATIONS OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES WITH DSM-5 DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS AND SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN OLDER ADULTS

Abstract Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may have long-term effects on mental health. Using a life-course perspective, this study examines prevalence of ACEs and the associations of ACEs with depressive disorders and suicide attempt in US older adults. The study sample were those aged 65 and older who participated in the 2012-2013 National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave III (n=5,806 unweighted). ACEs, the key independent variable, were assessed using validated measures and outcome variables included lifetime and past-year major depressive disorder (MDD) and dysthymia using DSM-5 criteria, and lifetime suicide attempt. We estimated national prevalence of ACEs in older adults and used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses to assess the association between ACEs and the outcomes after adjusting for socio-demographics and clinical co-morbidities. Overall, 34.7% of older adults, representative of 14.3 million older adults nationwide, reported some form of ACEs. The most common type was parental psychopathology (20.8%), followed by neglect (14.8%), and physical/psychological abuse (8.4%) (non-mutually exclusive). Having experienced any ACEs was associated with higher odds of having a past-year MDD diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.77; 95% confidence intervals [CI]=1.36, 2.29). Similar results were found for other depressive disorders. ACEs were also associated with higher odds of having a lifetime suicide attempt (aOR=4.34; 95% CI=2.64, 7.14). In conclusion, ACEs may expose older adults to an increased risk for mood disorders and suicide attempts, even over long periods of time as seen in this sample. Reducing ACEs is an important public health goal that may yield long-term benefits.

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Associations of adverse childhood experiences and social support with self-injurious behaviour and suicidality in adolescents

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2018.263 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 214 (3) ◽

pp. 146-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Yuhui Wan ◽

Ruoling Chen ◽

Shuangshuang Ma ◽

Danielle McFeeters ◽

Ying Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Interaction Effects ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Individual

BackgroundThere is little investigation on the interaction effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social support on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in community adolescent populations, or gender differences in these effects.AimsTo examine the individual and interaction effects of ACEs and social support on NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in adolescents, and explore gender differences.MethodA school-based health survey was conducted in three provinces in China between 2013–2014. A total of 14 820 students aged 10–20 years completed standard questionnaires, to record details of ACEs, social support, NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsOf included participants, 89.4% reported one or more category of ACEs. The 12-month prevalence of NSSI, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt was 26.1%, 17.5% and 4.4%, respectively; all were significantly associated with increased ACEs and lower social support. The multiple adjusted odds ratio of NSSI in low versus high social support was 2.27 (95% CI 1.85–2.67) for girls and 1.81 (95% CI 1.53–2.14) for boys, and their ratio (Ratio of two odds ratios, ROR) was 1.25 (P = 0.037). Girls with high ACEs scores (5–6) and moderate or low social support also had a higher risk of suicide attempt than boys (RORs: 2.34, 1.84 and 2.02, respectively; all P < 0.05).ConclusionsACEs and low social support are associated with increased risk of NSSI and suicidality in Chinese adolescents. Strategies to improve social support, particularly among female adolescents with a high number of ACEs, should be an integral component of targeted mental health interventions.Declaration of interestNone.

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Are Adverse Childhood Experiences Associated with Worse Cognitive Function in Older Adults?

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617721001272 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Amy B. Halpin ◽

Rebecca K. MacAulay ◽

Angelica R. Boeve ◽

Lisa M. D’Errico ◽

Sahvannah Michaud

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Report ◽

Executive Attention ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Intellectual Function ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives: Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with an increased risk for dementia, but this relationship and modifying factors are poorly understood. This study is the first to our knowledge to comprehensively examine the effect of ACE on specific cognitive functions and measures associated with greater risk and resiliency to cognitive decline in independent community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Verbal/nonverbal intelligence, verbal memory, visual memory, and executive attention were assessed. Self-report measures examined depression, self-efficacy, and subjective cognitive concerns (SCC). The ACE questionnaire measured childhood experiences of abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Results: Over 56% of older adults reported an adverse childhood event. ACE scores were negatively associated with income and years of education and positively associated with depressive symptoms and SCC. ACE scores were a significant predictor of intellectual function and executive attention; however, these relationships were no longer significant after adjusting for education. Follow-up analyses using the PROCESS macro revealed that relationships among higher ACE scores with intellectual function and executive attention were mediated by education. Conclusions: Greater childhood adversity may increase vulnerability for cognitive impairment by impacting early education, socioeconomic status, and mental health. These findings have clinical implications for enhancing levels of cognitive reserve and addressing modifiable risk factors to prevent or attenuate cognitive decline in older adults.

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Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Past‐Year DSM‐5 Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in Older Adults

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society ◽

10.1111/jgs.16032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 2085-2093 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Taeho Greg Rhee ◽

Lisa C. Barry ◽

George A. Kuchel ◽

David C. Steffens ◽

Samuel T. Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

Adverse Childhood

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The Role of Adverse Childhood Experience on Depression Symptom, Prevalence, and Severity among School Going Adolescents

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2020/5951792 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mekonnen Tsehay ◽

Mogesie Necho ◽

Werkua Mekonnen

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Behavioral Problems ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression Symptom ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Increased Risk

Background and Objectives. Adverse childhood experiences include stressful and potentially traumatic events associated with a higher risk of long-term behavioral problems and chronic illnesses. In this study, we had estimated the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and association with depression symptoms prevalence and severity as a function of ACE counts. Methods. A cross-sectional school-based study was employed. Five hundred forty-six secondary school students were selected using multistage sampling technique from 5 selected secondary schools. We obtained retrospective information on adverse childhood experiences of adolescents by ACEs, self-reported 10-item questionnaire, and current depression prevalence and severity by PHQ-9. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate child depression severity by retrospective ACE count. Results. Among the 546 adolescents who participated in this study, 285 (50.7%) of the participants answered yes to at least one or more questions among the total 10 questions of ACEs. Experiences of ACEs increased the risk for depressive symptoms, with unstandardized β = 1.123 (β = 1.123, 95% CI (0.872, 1.373). We found a strong, dose–response relationship between the ACE score and the probability of lifetime and recent depressive disorders (p<0.0001). Conclusions. The number of ACEs has a graded relationship to both the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms. These results suggest that exposure to ACEs is associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms up to decades after their occurrence. Early recognition of childhood abuse and appropriate intervention may thus play an important role in the prevention of depressive disorders throughout the life span.

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Adverse Childhood Experiences on Reproductive Plans and Adolescent Pregnancy in the Gulf Resilience on Women’s Health Cohort

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 165

Author(s):

Megan Flaviano ◽

Emily W. Harville

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

Women’S Health ◽

Women's Health ◽

Adolescent Pregnancy ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Increased Risk

We investigated if adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and ACE sub-types were associated with increased odds of planning to have children and adolescent pregnancy. The Gulf Resilience on Women’s Health (GROWH) is a diverse cohort of reproductive-age women living in southeastern Louisiana during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. In our sample of 1482 women, we used multinomial logistic regression to model odds ratios of wanting future children and assessed effect measure modification by educational attainment. We also estimated odds ratios of adolescent pregnancy with binomial logistic regression. Exposure to ACEs increased odds of wanting future children across all ACE sub-types. Among women with lower educational attainment, three or more ACEs (overall, childhood, and adolescence) had over two times the odds of wanting future children. History of ACE and the various sub-types, except for emotional abuse, were associated with increased risk of adolescent pregnancy. ACEs may be linked to adolescent pregnancy and reproductive plans, and variations by educational status highlighted social discrepancies and importance of social context in evaluation and intervention.

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Adverse childhood experiences are associated with increased risk of hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy: a national retrospective cohort study of women in England

BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.1111/1471-0528.17088 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

P Demakakos ◽

A Steptoe ◽

GD Mishra

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Increased Risk

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The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Recidivism in a Sample of Juvenile Offenders in Community-Based Treatment

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x15613992 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (11) ◽

pp. 1210-1242 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Kevin T. Wolff ◽

Michael T. Baglivio ◽

Alex R. Piquero

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Offenders ◽

Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽

Life Outcomes ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Community Based ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

Adverse Childhood ◽

Juvenile Justice Policy ◽

The Relationship

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been identified as a key risk factor for a range of negative life outcomes, including delinquency. Much less is known about how exposure to negative experiences relates to continued offending among juvenile offenders. In this study, we examine the effect of ACEs on recidivism in a large sample of previously referred youth from the State of Florida who were followed for 1 year after participation in community-based treatment. Results from a series of Cox hazard models suggest that ACEs increase the risk of subsequent arrest, with a higher prevalence of ACEs leading to a shorter time to recidivism. The relationship between ACEs and recidivism held quite well in demographic-specific analyses. Implications for empirical research on the long-term effects of traumatic childhood events and juvenile justice policy are discussed.

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