scholarly journals SOCIAL VALUE OF THE ELDER PUMI MINORITY IN CHINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S723-S723
Author(s):  
Meng ran Gao
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
High Status ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members

Abstract Social status of the elderly nowadays declines rapidly in China. As anthropologist Margaret Mead considered, post-figurative culture leading in contemporary society and the source of knowledge are from youth. The value of the elderly has been overlooked. However, in Pumi, one of the smallest ethnic minority groups in northwestern Yunnan Province of China, it is common that senior residents have high social status. This study examines the social values the Pumi elderly have by systematic analysis and participation observation methods. Based on data collected in a Pumi village during a 6-month fieldtrip, we conclude that Pumi elderly enjoy a high status in the community. They occupy core positions in all important ceremonies, such as religious activities and other daily activities including hospice. Factors behind the special old-age care phenomenon are Pumi’s history and its culture. The special culture has united the group members together and enhanced individual development with community social capital. It is clear that respecting elderly does not only contribute the transformation of ethnical knowledge but also enhance community cohesiveness. Evaluating the role of the elderly should not only from economic perspective, but also from the holistic perspective of social culture, so as to reconsider the importance of the elderly to our society.

SOCIAL STATUS AND INVESTIGATORY BEHAVIOUR IN THE ANGELFISH (PTEROPHYLLUM SCALARE)

Behaviour ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1469-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Gómez-Laplaza
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Predator ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dominant Fish ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Investigatory Behaviour ◽  
Predator Model ◽  
Pterophyllum Scalare

AbstractThe response of juvenile angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) with different dominance ranks towards a potential predator and a nonthreatening novel stimulus was studied when in a group, to assess the influence of the social status on investigatory behaviour. Dominant fish showed a cautious predator inspection behaviour, often approaching the predator model from a relatively safe distance. In contrast, middle ranking fish inspected the predator model closely and the number and duration of the inspection visits to the area closest to the predator were greater than those of the other group members. Subordinate fish tended to avoid the potential predator, but showed the greatest interest in the novel harmless stimulus, investigating it more readily and for more time from the shortest distance than their companions. Dominant fish displayed a rather weak response towards the nonthreatening stimulus, exhibiting the shortest duration of investigation and the longest latency of approach. The response of intermediate ranking fish was more variable, existing little differences with that showed by any of the other fish categories in the parameters considered. The results indicate that dominance relationships within a group may affect behavioural decisions during investigatory behaviour, and suggest that individuals with different social status use different behavioural strategies dependent on the focal stimulus, possibly reflecting adaptive changes and physiological condition.

scholarly journals Social Status Affects the Causal Relationship Between Prejudice, Discrimination, Personality, Subjective Well-Being, and Self-Esteem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Valdece Sousa Bastos ◽  
Víthor Rosa Franco ◽  
Annalisa Myer
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Status ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Status Group ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination

People who repeatedly experience prejudice and discrimination are at greater risk for developing several negative consequences, such as low self-esteem (SE). However, scholars have not explored the role of social status as an important variable for this relationship, and its consequences. The current study is aimed at investigating the role of status on the relationship between self-perceived prejudice and discrimination (SPPD), subjective well-being (SWB), SE, and the Big-Five. In a Brazilian sample (N = 1,130), we found that social status affects the network structure among low- and high-status group members. We also found that not all causal relations are equal between groups, such that the influence of SPPD, SE, and neuroticism is different depending on participants’ social status. Our results demonstrate the importance of accounting for social status when crafting psychological interventions to mitigate the negative effects of prejudice and discrimination and dismantle systems of oppression for low-status group members.

scholarly journals Social status gates social attention in humans

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Dalmaso ◽  
Giulia Pavan ◽  
Luigi Castelli ◽  
Giovanni Galfano
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
High Status ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
Curriculum Vitae ◽  
Gaze Cuing ◽  
Specific Identity

Humans tend to shift attention in response to the averted gaze of a face they are fixating, a phenomenon known as gaze cuing. In the present paper, we aimed to address whether the social status of the cuing face modulates this phenomenon. Participants were asked to look at the faces of 16 individuals and read fictive curriculum vitae associated with each of them that could describe the person as having a high or low social status. The association between each specific face and either high or low social status was counterbalanced between participants. The same faces were then used as stimuli in a gaze-cuing task. The results showed a greater gaze-cuing effect for high-status faces than for low-status faces, independently of the specific identity of the face. These findings confirm previous evidence regarding the important role of social factors in shaping social attention and show that a modulation of gaze cuing can be observed even when knowledge about social status is acquired through episodic learning.

Social status influences responses to unfamiliar conspecifics in a cooperatively breeding fish

Behaviour ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 152 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1821-1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Y. Ligocki ◽  
Adam R. Reddon ◽  
Jennifer K. Hellmann ◽  
Constance M. O’Connor ◽  
Susan Marsh-Rollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
High Ranking ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cooperatively Breeding ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Group Member

In group living animals, individuals may visit other groups. The costs and benefits of such visits for the members of a group will depend on the attributes and intentions of the visitor, and the social status of responding group members. Using wild groups of the cooperatively breeding cichlid fish (Neolamprologus pulcher), we compared group member responses to unfamiliar ‘visiting’ conspecifics in control groups and in experimentally manipulated groups from which a subordinate the same size and sex as the visitor was removed. High-ranking fish were less aggressive towards visitors in removal groups than in control groups; low-ranking subordinates were more aggressive in the removal treatment. High-ranking females and subordinates the same size and sex as the visitor responded most aggressively toward the visitor in control groups. These results suggest that visitors are perceived as potential group joiners, and that such visits impose different costs and benefits on current group members.

When Do the Poor Vote for the Right Wing and Why: Status Hierarchy and Vote Choice in the Indian States

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavithra Suryanarayan
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
High Status ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Indian States ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Status Inequality ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lower Castes

What explains the popularity of right-wing parties among the poor? This article argues that in hierarchical societies with high social-status inequality, cross-class coalitions can emerge among high-status voters if they believe their social status is under threat. I demonstrate this in the context of the Indian states by exploiting an announcement by the Government of India in 1990 to implement affirmative action for lower castes—an intervention that threatened to weaken the social status of upper caste Brahmans. Using unique data from the 1931 census, this article shows that areas where Brahmans were more dominant in the 1930s experienced a higher surge in right-wing voting after this announcement than other areas. Using survey data, I find that both wealthy and poor Brahmans voted for the right wing where Brahmans were dominant in 1931. The article shows how concerns about social status may make the poor open to appeals by antiredistribution parties.

The Interplay of Social Status and Trust: A Critical Review of Concepts, Operationalizations, and Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-220
Author(s):  
Carolina Dahlhaus ◽  
Thomas Schlösser
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

This review examines the relationship between a person’s social status and trust. Previous research has yielded differing results. On one hand, studies have repeatedly found positive correlations of different strengths between social status and trust; that is, persons with higher social status trust more than persons with lower social status. On the other hand, empirical evidence has also suggested a negative correlation between social status and trust; that is, persons with lower social status trust more than persons with higher social status. In addition to a systematic analysis of the various theoretical approaches and the respective study results, possible causes for these diverging empirical findings are discussed. With regard to the relationship between socioeconomic status and generalized trust, all studies reviewed show a positive correlation. Contradictory results can be found only in studies that investigated socioeconomic status and trust, measured as behavior. In addition to the different operationalizations of social status and trust, one potential cause for different results may be found in the fact that in experimental settings, the social status of the interaction partner is often known.

scholarly journals Competence-based social status and implicit preference modulate the ability to coordinate during a joint grasping task

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Boukarras ◽  
Vanessa Era ◽  
Salvatore Maria Aglioti ◽  
Matteo Candidi
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Interaction Partner ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
High Status ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Middle Position ◽  
The Social

AbstractStudies indicate that social status influences people’s social perceptions. Less information is available about whether induced social status influences dyadic coordination during motor interactions. To explore this issue, we designed a study in which two confederates obtained high or low competence-based status by playing a game together with the participant, while the participant always occupied the middle position of the hierarchy. Following this status-inducing phase, participants were engaged in a joint grasping task with the high- and low-status confederates in different sessions while behavioural (i.e., interpersonal asynchrony and movement start time) indexes were measured. Participants’ performance in the task (i.e., level of interpersonal asynchrony) when interacting with the low-status partner was modulated by their preference for him. The lower participants’ preference for a low- relative to a high-status confederate, the worse participants’ performance when interacting with the low-status confederate. Our results show that participants’ performance during motor interactions changes according to the social status of the interaction partner.

scholarly journals Preferencia y popularidad: patrones diferenciales por género en los correlatos del alto estatus

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Irene Jiménez-Lagares ◽  
Victoria Muñoz Tinoco ◽  
Tamara García ◽  
Carolina Florindo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Preference ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Relational Structure ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
High Status ◽  
Perceived Popularity ◽  
The Social

Resumen: Este trabajo investiga las diferencias de género en dos dimensiones del estatus social en el grupo, la preferencia social y la popularidad percibida, en una muestra de 274 adolescentes de 11 aulas de 3º y 4º de la ESO (119 chicos, 155 chicas) de dos centros de la provincia de Sevilla. En primer lugar, se ponen en relación las dos dimensiones de estatus con diversos atributos personales; en segundo lugar, se analizan las diferencias de género asociadas a esta estructura relacional. Los resultados muestran patrones de correlación que diferencian la preferencia social y la popularidad, así como patrones correlaciónales diferentes por género para cada una de las dimensiones analizadas. Preference and popularity: differential patterns by gender in the correlates of high status Abstract: This study explores gender differences in two dimensions of social status in the group, social preference and perceived popularity in a sample of 274 adolescents from 11 classes of 3 and 4 of the ESO (119 boys, 155 girls) from two schools in the province of Seville. First, put on the two dimensions of status with various personal attributes, and secondly, we analyze gender differences associated with the relational structure. The results show correlation patterns that differentiate the social preference and popularity, as well as different correlational patterns by gender for each of the dimensions analyzed.

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