scholarly journals Elite attitudes and the future of global governance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Aart Scholte ◽  
Soetkin Verhaegen ◽  
Jonas Tallberg
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Government Bureaucracy ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
Problem Solvers

Abstract This article examines what contemporary elites think about global governance and what these attitudes might bode for the future of global institutions. Evidence comes from a unique survey conducted in 2017–19 across six elite sectors (business, civil society, government bureaucracy, media, political parties, research) in six countries (Brazil, Germany, the Philippines, Russia, South Africa, the United States) and a global group. Bearing in mind some notable variation between countries, elite types, issue-areas and institutions, three main interconnected findings emerge. First, in principle, contemporary leaders in politics and society hold considerable readiness to pursue global-scale governance. Today's elites are not generally in a nationalist-protectionist-sovereigntist mood. Second, in practice, these elites on average hold medium-level confidence towards fourteen current global governance institutions. This evidence suggests that, while there is at present no legitimacy crisis of global governance among elites (as might encourage its decline), neither is there a legitimacy boom (as could spur its expansion). Third, if we probe what elites prioritize when they evaluate global governance, the surveyed leaders generally most underline democracy in the procedures of these bodies and effectiveness in their performance. This finding suggests that, to raise elites' future confidence in global governance, the institutions would do well to become more transparent in their operations and more impactful problem-solvers in their outcomes.

scholarly journals Towards a ‘pluralist’ world order: creative agency and legitimacy in global institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-544
Author(s):  
Terry Macdonald ◽  
Kate Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
World Order ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Creative Agency ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Governance Institutions

This article addresses the question of how we should understand the normative grounds of legitimacy in global governance institutions, given the social and organizational pluralism of the contemporary global political order. We argue that established normative accounts of legitimacy, underpinning both internationalist and cosmopolitan institutional models, are incompatible with real-world global social and organizational pluralism, insofar as they are articulated within the parameters of a ‘statist’ world order imaginary: this sees legitimacy as grounded in rational forms of political agency, exercised within ‘closed’ communities constituted by settled common interests and identities. To advance beyond these statist ideational constraints, we elaborate an alternative ‘pluralist’ world order imaginary: this sees legitimacy as partially grounded in creative forms of political agency, exercised in the constitution and ongoing transformation of a plurality of ‘open’ communities, with diverse and fluid interests and identities. Drawing on a case study analysis of political controversies surrounding the global governance of business and human rights, we argue that the pluralist imaginary illuminates how normative legitimacy in world politics can be strengthened by opening institutional mandates to contestation by multiple distinct collectives, even though doing so is incompatible with achieving a fully rationalized global institutional scheme.

General: Wassizy Leontief et al: The Future of the World Economv: A United Nations Study. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1977, vii, 110., Rs. 25.

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-588 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
East Asia ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

GENERAL: WASSILY LEONTIEF et al: The Future of the World Economy: A United Nations Study GENERAL: P.M. SHARMA: Politics of Peace: UN General Assembly GENERAL: S.L. GOEL: International Administration: WHO South-East Asia Regional Office GENERAL: STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE: Strategic Disarmament, Verification and National Security GENERAL: DENIS HAYES: Rays of Hope: The Transition to a Post-Petroleum World GENERAL: R.J. RUMMEL: Peace Endangered: The Reality of Detente GENERAL: ANTHONY M. BURTON: Urban Terrorism: Theory, Practice and Response GENERAL: Ved Prakash Verma: Idea of Ideas: The Law of Synoptic View GENERAL: Frank Thakurdas: The English Utilitarians and The Idealists: An Introductory Study of the Development of English Political Theory in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century SOVIET UNION: Roy A. Medvedev and Zhores A. Medvedev: Khrushchev: The Years in Power SOVIET UNION: Vinod Mehta: Soviet Economic Development and Structure SOVIET UNION: Jaweed Ashraf: Soviet Education: Theory and Practice SOVIET UNION: G.D. Sane: Soviet Agriculture: Trials and Triumphs SOUTHEAST ASIA: Ron Huisken: Arms Limitation in South-east Asia: A Proposal SOUTHEAST ASIA: Ralph Petiman: Small Power Politics and International Relations in South East Asia SOUTHEAST ASIA: Claude A. Buss: The United States and The Philippines: Background for Policy SOUTHEAST ASIA: B. Ckakravorty: Australia's Military Alliances: A Study in Foreign and Defence Policies SOUTHEAST ASIA: Raju G.C. Thomas: The Defence of India: A Budgetary Perspective of Strategy and Politics SOUTHEAST ASIA: H.R. Chaturvedi: Bureaucracy and the Local Community: Dynamics of Rural Development SOUTHEAST ASIA: Institute of Applied Manpower Research: Manpower Development in Rural India: A Case Study SOUTHEAST ASIA: G. Thimmaiah: Burden of Union Loans on the States SOUTHEAST ASIA: B.N. Choubey: Institutional Finance for Agricultural Development SOUTHEAST ASIA: Paras Diwan: Abrogation of Forty-Second Amendment; Does Our Constitution Need A Second Look SOUTHEAST ASIA: Myron Weiner: Electoral Politics on the Indian States. Vol. III: The Impact of Modernization SOUTHEAST ASIA: Arun Monappa: The Ethical Attitudes of Indian Managers SOUTHEAST ASIA: Satish Saberwal: Mobile Men: Limits to Social Change in Urban Punjab SOUTHEAST ASIA: Jayanta Bhusan Bhattacharjee: The Garos and the English, 1765–1874 SOUTHEAST ASIA: T.K. Jayaraman: Economic Co-operation in the Indian Sub-continent SOUTHEAST ASIA: G.S. Lokhande: Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar: A Study in Social Democracy SOUTHEAST ASIA: R.D. Suman, Ed.: Dr. Ambedkar: Pioneer of Human Rights

scholarly journals Keeping High Schools Relevant in a Global, Innovative and Tech Ubiquitous Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. p27
Author(s):  
Christina Pierce ◽  
Cheryl James-Ward
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
School Leaders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Public High Schools ◽  
Teacher Interviews ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

With the onset of COVID-19 and game-changes like ubiquitous technology, artificial intelligence and global economies, public high schools are challenged to provide a new level of education. In order for the United States and other countries to compete on a global scale, school leaders need to reevaluate and redesign educational programs to provide students the exposure and experience needed to become globally competent competitors. This collective case study examined the knowledge of educators ranging from school leaders to teachers in regards to the predicted global megatrends, the future 2030 workforce, game-changing technology and the impact at three public high schools. The study examined how the process of change was implemented, how each school addressed challenges and barriers, and to what degree each school was able to transition to an online environment during the unexpected 2020 COVID-19 shutdown. The study design incorporated a mixed method case study approach. The information collected consisted of school leader and teacher interviews, as well as review of artifacts, documents and data. The researchers concluded that school transformation needs to start with an understanding of the future workforce and potential megatrends. Most importantly, schools must take action regardless of the challenges and barriers before them.

scholarly journals Improving global governance: making global institutions fit-for-purpose in the 21st century

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Clark
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
Global Institutions ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Governance Institutions

In this lecture I will: comment on some of the complex challenges of the 21st century which cry out for effective global governance reflecting today’s geopolitical and other realities; and examine whether global governance institutions – particularly in the areas of peace and security, economic governance, sustainable development and climate change – have kept up with geopolitical changes and been able to tackle emerging challenges to ensure their continued effectiveness, legitimacy and accountability. 

Economic History of Hawai‘i

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumner La Croix
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Economic History ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Martial Law ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The U.S

Hawai‘i became one of the last two major land areas on the planet to be settled when Polynesians from Tahiti and the Marquesas Islands navigated voyaging canoes to Hawai‘i in the 11th or 12th century. Settlers brought plants and animals needed to start taro farms modeled on those in their homelands and established chiefdoms using traditional norms of behavior and governance institutions from their home societies. Sometime round 1400, Hawaiians lost contact with the outside world and remained isolated for the next 350–400 years. During this period, competing states emerged, ruled by a sharply differentiated elite (ali‘i) and supported by agricultural surpluses sufficient to support religious and artisan specialists and construction of hundreds of monumental temples. Contact with the outside world was reestablished in 1778 and led to major demographic, economic, and political change: Exposure to outside diseases led to a massive decline in the Native Hawaiian population over the next 125 years; integration with global product markets transformed Hawai‘i’s economy; and warfare among competing states led to the emergence of a centralized monarchy after 1795 that incorporated and adapted some Western political institutions. In 1820, Protestant missionaries brought a foreign religion to Hawai‘i, helped develop a Hawaiian alphabet, and established mission schools that brought literacy to much of the population. A two-decade boom (1812–1833) in harvesting and trading sandalwood with American ships overlapped with a 50-year period in which hundreds of Pacific whaling ships visited Hawai‘i annually to hire Hawaiian sailors and purchase provisions and services. Sugar plantations spread from 1835, expanded rapidly during the U.S. Civil War, and fell back with peace in 1865. An 1876 trade treaty with the United States exempted Hawai‘i sugar firms from the high U.S. tariff on sugar, and they responded by expanding production tenfold by 1883, using immigrant labor from China, Portugal, and Japan. Problems with renegotiating the treaty led to a rebellion by a mostly Caucasian militia group in 1886 that culminated in the overthrow of Queen Lili‘uokalani in 1893. The United States annexed Hawai‘i in 1898 and established a colonial “territorial” government that persisted until Hawai‘i was admitted to the U.S. economic and political union in 1959 as its 50th state. Pineapple and sugar industries expanded under protection of U.S. tariffs and with employment of migrant labor from Japan, Europe, Korea, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico. Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 was followed by imposition of martial law and the buildup of a large U.S. military presence. The economy struggled after the war until the introduction of jet plane passenger service in 1958 prompted millions of tourists from the United States, Japan, and other countries to visit Hawai‘i each year. The tourism boom, institutional reforms of statehood, and population growth ignited an economic boom that would continue thru 1990 and modernize the economy. The 1990s saw economic contraction as Hawai‘i adjusted to changes in U.S. tourism and Japanese foreign investment. From 1990, periodic disruptions to tourism caused by recessions, security crises, and global pandemics punctuated otherwise moderate economic growth.

scholarly journals GEOPOLITICAL TRANSFORMATION AND NEW TRENDS OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
S. V. Ryazantsev ◽  
L. S. Ruban
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World

The article analyzes the process of globalization and the role of the Russian Federation in this process. The relevance of considering the current stage of globalization is due to the strengthening of the inter-connectedness and interdependence of the world, which requires the improvement of interstate relations and mechanisms of global governance with the primacy of the economic aspect of the development of society in the conditions of the functioning of the global scale of production. The historiography presents the regulation of international relations from the Westphalian system (state-centrist model of the world) to the Vienna Congress and the attempt to create a system of collective security and regulation of international relations: to the League of Nations and the United Nations. The formation of global governance institutions is shown: the largest international intergovernmental organizations (UN, WTO, IMF, IBRD, G-8, G-20, etc.), the most important function of which is to determine the norms and rules of interstate interaction. The main idea of the authors of the article is to show the historical conditionality of the transition to a polycentric model of development, as it most fully meets the needs of society on a global scale. The main purpose of this work was to substantiate and confirm the characteristics of the role of Russia in the international arena at the present stage of development by empirical material obtained during international surveys of experts from sixteen APR countries (VIPs and decision-makers). Thus, among the current trends in global development, the authors highlight the dilemma globalism - sovereignty and the correlation of globalism - transregionalism, in particular, the concept of the Indian-Pacific region (Indo-Pacific) instead of the Asia-Pacific region, put forward by the United States, Japan, Australia and India and the concept of "One belt is one road ”, initiated by China. Another trans-regional structure, such as BRICS, remains largely insufficiently structured, institutionalized and little realized in the specific political and economic activities of the countries that gave the name to this abbreviation.

Gendered differences in emigration and mobility perspectives among European researchers working abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Scheibelhofer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Highly Skilled

This paper focuses on gendered mobilities of highly skilled researchers working abroad. It is based on an empirical qualitative study that explored the mobility aspirations of Austrian scientists who were working in the United States at the time they were interviewed. Supported by a case study, the paper demonstrates how a qualitative research strategy including graphic drawings sketched by the interviewed persons can help us gain a better understanding of the gendered importance of social relations for the future mobility aspirations of scientists working abroad.

Catholicism and Cosmopolitanism: the Confluence of Three Catholic Scholars and the Cosmopolitan Democrats on State Sovereignty and the Future of Global Governance

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Matthew Bagot
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Jacques Maritain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cosmopolitan Democracy ◽  
Catholic Tradition

One of the central questions in international relations today is how we should conceive of state sovereignty. The notion of sovereignty—’supreme authority within a territory’, as Daniel Philpott defines it—emerged after the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 as a result of which the late medieval crisis of pluralism was settled. But recent changes in the international order, such as technological advances that have spurred globalization and the emerging norm of the Responsibility to Protect, have cast the notion of sovereignty into an unclear light. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the current debate regarding sovereignty by exploring two schools of thought on the matter: first, three Catholic scholars from the past century—Luigi Sturzo, Jacques Maritain, and John Courtney Murray, S.J.—taken as representative of Catholic tradition; second, a number of contemporary political theorists of cosmopolitan democracy. The paper argues that there is a confluence between the Catholic thinkers and the cosmopolitan democrats regarding their understanding of state sovereignty and that, taken together, the two schools have much to contribute not only to our current understanding of sovereignty, but also to the future of global governance.

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