scholarly journals 1254Comorbidity of atopic diseases and gastroesophageal reflux in adults: a co-twin control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Brew ◽  
Catarina Almqvist ◽  
Cecilia Lundholm ◽  
Anna Andreasson ◽  
Kelli Lehto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Twin Pair ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Affective Traits ◽  
Drug Register ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common non-allergic comorbidity in adults with asthma, however comorbidity with other atopic diseases such as eczema and hayfever is unclear. The objective was to assess the comorbidity of GERD with atopic diseases in adults, and to investigate possible mechanisms including genetic and affective factors. Methods A co-twin control study harnessing 46 583 adult Swedish twins. Questionnaires on health status were linked to national patient and prescribed drug register data. Within twin-pair comparisons were made between unpaired, monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins to assess common genetic liability. Affective traits (depression, anxiety and neuroticism) were added to models to assess their role in comorbidity. Results The risk of GERD in those with asthma was OR1.52 (95% CI 1.38, 1.68); hayfever OR1.22 (95%CI 1.12, 1.34); and eczema OR1.23 (95%CI 1.10, 1.38). Within twin-pair associations attenuated in decreasing order of shared genetics for all atopic diseases e.g. self-report asthma with GERD: DZ twins adjOR1.41 (95%CI 0.96, 2.08), MZ twins adjOR1.24 (95%CI 0.82, 1.87). Adjusting for affective traits only slightly attenuated the comorbidity associations. Conclusions GERD is a common comorbidity in adults with asthma, hayfever and/or eczema. We found evidence for shared genetic factors but not for affective traits. Key messages GERD is a common comorbidity not only in adults with asthma, but also in adults with eczema or hayfever. Twin research has revealed evidence for a common genetic liability to explain comorbidity.

Quality of life in type 2 diabetics with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a case control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Promberger ◽  
A. Spitzer ◽  
J. Ott ◽  
J. Lenglinger ◽  
W. Eilenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with long standing type 1 diabetes mellitus: utility of two self-report questionnaires in a multifactorial disease

2017 ◽  
Vol v48 (i3) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Marin Valdez-Solis ◽  
Claudia Ramírez-Rentería ◽  
Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo ◽  
Mario Molina-Ayala ◽  
Victoria Mendoza-Zubieta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multifactorial Disease

scholarly journals Association between atopic diseases and venous thromboembolism: a case-control study in patients aged 45 years or less

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 870-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. UNDAS ◽  
M. CIEŚLA-DUL ◽  
T. DRĄŻKIEWICZ ◽  
D. P. POTACZEK ◽  
J. SADOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in biologic-naïve patients with rheumatoid arthritis - risk factors and tuberculosis characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. jrheum.201251
Author(s):  
Johanna Karlsson Sundbaum ◽  
Elizabeth V. Arkema ◽  
Judith Bruchfeld ◽  
Jerker Jonsson ◽  
Johan Askling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Quality Register ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Control Study

Objective To investigate risk factors and characteristics of active tuberculosis (TB) in biologics-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods Population-based case-control study using the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register, the National Patient Register and the Tuberculosis Register to identify RA cases with active TB and matched RA controls without TB 2001-2014. Clinical data were obtained from medical records. TB risk was estimated as adjusted (adj) odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results After validation of diagnoses, the study included 31 RA cases with TB, and 122 matched RA controls. All except three cases had reactivation of latent TB. Pulmonary TB dominated (84%). Ever use of methotrexate was not associated with increased TB risk (adj OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.3-2.0), whereas ever treatment with leflunomide (adj OR 6.0; 95% CI 1.5-24.6), azathioprine (adj OR 3.8; 95% CI 1.1-13.8) and prednisolone (adj OR 2.4 (95% CI 1.0-5.9) was. There were no significant differences of maximum dose of prednisolone, treatment duration with prednisolone before TB, or cumulative dose of prednisolone the year before TB diagnosis between cases and controls. Obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with an increased TB risk (adj OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.4-10.7). Conclusion Several RA-associated factors may contribute to the increased TB risk in biologics-naïve RA patients, making risk of TB activation difficult to predict in the individual patient. To further decrease TB in RA patients, the results suggest that screening for latent TB should also be considered in biologics-naïve patients.

scholarly journals Multiple sclerosis and psychiatric disorders: Comorbidity and sibling risk in a nationwide Swedish cohort

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1881-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Johansson ◽  
Cecilia Lundholm ◽  
Jan Hillert ◽  
Thomas Masterman ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
Sibling Comparison ◽  
National Patient

Background: Psychiatric disorders are known to be prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: The objective of this paper is to study comorbidity between MS and bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and depression in a nationwide cohort and to determine whether shared genetic liability underlies the putative association. Methods: We identified ICD-diagnosed patients with MS ( n = 16,467), bipolar disorder ( n = 30,761), schizophrenia ( n = 22,781) and depression ( n = 172,479) in the Swedish National Patient Register and identified their siblings in the Multi-Generation Register. The risk of MS was compared in psychiatric patients and in matched unexposed individuals. Shared familial risk between MS and psychiatric disorders was estimated by sibling comparison. Results: The risk of MS was increased in patients with bipolar disorder (hazard ratio (HR) 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–2.2, p < 0.0001) and depression (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.7–2.0, p < 0.0001). MS risk in schizophrenia was decreased (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9, p = 0.005). The association between having a sibling with a psychiatric disorder and developing MS was not significant. Conclusion: We found a strong positive association between MS and bipolar disorder and depression that could not be explained by genetic liability. The unexpected negative association between MS and schizophrenia might be spurious or indicate possible protective mechanisms that warrant further exploration.

Efficacy of a psychoeducational intervention in improving relatives’ knowledge about schizophrenia and reducing rehospitalisation

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 446-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cassidy ◽  
S. Hill ◽  
E. O’Callaghan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Psychoeducational Intervention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychoeducational Group ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hospital Days ◽  
Control Study

SummaryWe sought to establish if a brief psychoeducational intervention for relatives is effective in improving relatives’ knowledge about schizophrenia and reducing rehospitalization. We evaluated 101 relatives of 55 patients with schizophrenia before and after an 8-week psychoeducational group using a self-report method. We also conducted a matched case-control study of the effects on rehospitalisation for 28 of these patients. We calculated the number of hospital days for each index case and control in the 1 and 2 years before and after the intervention.Relatives made significant gains in their knowledge about schizophrenia, particularly about medication. Patients whose relatives attended the group had significantly fewer days in hospital and days per admission compared to controls in the year after the programme but the effect waned in the second year after the intervention. Controls were almost four times more likely to be readmitted at 2 years than cases. Median time to readmission was significantly longer in cases compared to controls. We conclude that a psychoeducational group, which is valued by carers, is effective in increasing their knowledge about schizophrenia as well as reducing and forestalling the rehospitalization of their affected relatives. Such programmes deliver what carers frequently request in a cost-effective manner.

scholarly journals Risk of first and recurrent serious infection in sarcoidosis: a Swedish register-based cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 2000767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Rossides ◽  
Susanna Kullberg ◽  
Anders Eklund ◽  
Daniela Di Giuseppe ◽  
Johan Grunewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
National Patient Register ◽  
Patient Register ◽  
Drug Register ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
National Patient

Serious infections impair quality of life and increase costs. Our aim was to determine if sarcoidosis is associated with a higher rate of serious infection and whether this varies by age, sex, time since diagnosis or treatment status around diagnosis.We compared individuals with sarcoidosis (at least two International Classification of Diseases codes in the Swedish National Patient Register 2003–2013; n=8737) and general population comparators matched 10:1 on age, sex and residential location (n=86 376). Patients diagnosed in 2006–2013 who were dispensed at least one immunosuppressant ±3 months from diagnosis (Swedish Prescribed Drug Register) were identified. Cases and comparators were followed in the National Patient Register for hospitalisations for infection. Using Cox and flexible parametric models, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals for first and recurrent serious infections (new serious infection >30 days after previous).We identified 895 first serious infections in sarcoidosis patients and 3881 in comparators. The rate of serious infection was increased 1.8-fold in sarcoidosis compared to the general population (aHR 1.81, 95% CI 1.65–1.98). The aHR was higher in females than males and during the first 2 years of follow-up. Sarcoidosis cases treated with immunosuppressants around diagnosis had a three-fold increased risk, whereas nontreated patients had a 50% increased risk. The rate of serious infection recurrence was 2.8-fold higher in cases than in comparators.Serious infections are more common in sarcoidosis than in the general population, particularly during the first few years after diagnosis. Patients who need immunosuppressant treatment around diagnosis are twice as likely to develop a serious infection than those who do not.

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