scholarly journals 198Prevalence of illicit substances in personal vaporisers on online cryptomarkets

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miss Carmen Lim ◽  
Janni Leung ◽  
Jason Connor ◽  
Wayne Hall ◽  
Brandon Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Alternative Route ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Illicit Substances

Abstract Background Personal vaporisers or e-cigarettes are gaining popularity as an alternative route of administration for illicit substances. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on the recent epidemic of vaping related lung injuries has confirmed that victims had vaped blackmarket tetrahydracannabidiol, including some sourced from online cryptomarkets. We examined the diversity and prevalence of illicit substances in vaping products available from these marketplaces. Methods Vaping related listings were extracted from three online cryptomarkets (‘Agartha’, ‘Cryptonia’, and ‘Tochka’) using The Onion Router browser. Data collection occurred between October and November 2019. Results We identified 1929 listings from 201 unique sellers. The top product across the three markets were vape cartridges (range = 39.4% to 70.4%). The most common substance in these products was cannabis oil (range = 82.1% to 96.1%), followed by synthetic cannabinoids (range = 3.7% to 9.8%) and psychedelic substances (range = 0.2% to 6.4%). Vendors were primarily from the USA. Many products offered worldwide shipping (range = 42.4% to 96.3%). Conclusions Our study fills knowledge gaps by providing information on what vaping products are being sold through online cryptomarkets. Future studies should continue to monitor cryptomarkets to identify emerging trends of substances used in personal vaporisers. Key messages Online cryptomarkets provide a new way of monitoring emerging vaping trends and identify factors that contributes to the current vaping epidemic.

scholarly journals The South Korean Government’s Response to Combat COVID-19 Misinformation: Analysis of “Fact and Issue Check” on the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Website

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110147
Author(s):  
Yaena Song ◽  
Linda Ko ◽  
Sou Hyun Jang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Fact Checking ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

This study aimed to examine the types of misinformation spreading in South Korea during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic by exploring the fact-checking posts uploaded on the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) website. We conducted a content analysis of the posts written on the KCDC website titled, “COVID-19: Fact and Issue Check,” from February to August 2020 (n = 81). Two coders individually coded the posts using a codebook. Discrepancies in coding were discussed to reach reconciliation. Fifteen different Korean government agencies used the KCDC platform to refute various topics of COVID-19 misinformation, including policy (42.0%), how to prevent the spread (16.0%), health care professionals (12.3%), testing (11.1%), prevention (self-care) (9.9%), masks (8.6%), confirmed cases (8.6%), statistics (3.7%), self-quarantine (2.5%), and treatment (1.2%). We found that there are more dissemination and correction of nonmedical areas of COVID-19 misinformation than medical areas in Korea. Future studies need to examine to what extent the corrected COVID-19 misinformation has been disseminated on different social media platforms, beyond the KCDC website.

scholarly journals The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of urgent surgery: a perspective from the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhiman Cheeyandira
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urgent Surgery ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Made In

Abstract Corona virus pandemic has affected all the 50 states in the USA. States such as NY, CA and WA being the most affected. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website, as of 28 March 2020, the total number of cases in the USA is over 103 300 and number of deaths to 1668. In the coming weeks, COVID-19 rates are expected to begin skyrocketing and hit a peak in late April/May/June given lessons learned from China, Italy and others. COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) as confirmed cases approach 575 444 patients with 26 654 deaths across over 160 countries, as of 28 March 2020. There is a lot of impact on management of the urgent and emergent cases. This article highlights the changes that are being made in delivering urgent and emergent surgical care during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Potential for Release of Pulmonary Toxic Ketene from Vaping Pyrolysis of Vitamin E Acetate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Donal O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pulmonary Injury ◽  
Vitamin E Acetate ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

<p>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recently reported an increasing number of clinically reported cases of lung injury following use of e-cigarette/vaping products. The cause(s) of this growing epidemic of vaping associated pulmonary injury remain unidentified, though vitamin E acetate has been recently identified as one possible causative agent (see <i>Nature</i> 574, 303 (2019). A combined analytical, theoretical and experimental study has shown that the vaping of vitamin E acetate has the potential to produce exceptionally toxic ketene gas, which may be a contributing factor to the upsurge in lung injuries associated with using some vaping products.</p>

scholarly journals Potential for Release of Pulmonary Toxic Ketene from Vaping Pyrolysis of Vitamin E Acetate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Donal O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pulmonary Injury ◽  
Vitamin E Acetate ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

<p>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recently reported an increasing number of clinically reported cases of lung injury following use of e-cigarette/vaping products. The cause(s) of this growing epidemic of vaping associated pulmonary injury remain unidentified, though vitamin E acetate has been recently identified as one possible causative agent (see <i>Nature</i> 574, 303 (2019). A combined analytical, theoretical and experimental study has shown that the vaping of vitamin E acetate has the potential to produce exceptionally toxic ketene gas, which may be a contributing factor to the upsurge in lung injuries associated with using some vaping products.</p>

scholarly journals A profile of the registered nurse tutor in the RSA

Curationis ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H.I.L. Brink
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Registered Nurse ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Research Triangle Institute ◽  
Professional Background ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Research Triangle ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
The Usa

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe selected demographical, biographical, educational and professional background characteristics of the registered nurse tutors in the RSA and to construct a profile of the characteristics. Such a profile could provide a baseline for future studies and evaluation concerning registered nurse tutors. Data were collected from a random proportional stratified sample of 233 registered nurse tutors from a total of 1312 registered tutors whose names appeared on the SANC register. A questionnaire developed by the researcher and based on and adopted from a questionnaire from the Research Triangle Institute USA on the registered nurse in the USA, was used for data collection. The data were analysed and from the findings a profile of the registered nurse tutor in the RSA was constructed.

scholarly journals Potential for Release of Pulmonary Toxic Ketene from Vaping Pyrolysis of Vitamin E Acetate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Donal O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Pulmonary Injury ◽  
Vitamin E Acetate ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

<p>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has recently reported an increasing number of clinically reported cases of lung injury following use of e-cigarette/vaping products. The cause(s) of this growing epidemic of vaping associated pulmonary injury remain unidentified, though vitamin E acetate has been recently identified as one possible causative agent (see <i>Nature</i> 574, 303 (2019). A combined analytical, theoretical and experimental study has shown that the vaping of vitamin E acetate has the potential to produce exceptionally toxic ketene gas, which may be a contributing factor to the upsurge in lung injuries associated with using some vaping products.</p>

scholarly journals Incidence rates of systemic lupus erythematosus in the USA: estimates from a meta-analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national lupus registries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000614
Author(s):  
Peter M Izmirly ◽  
Elizabeth D Ferucci ◽  
Emily C Somers ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
S Sam Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Asian Pacific Islander ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Asian Pacific

ObjectiveTo estimate the annual incidence rate of SLE in the USA.MethodsA meta-analysis used sex/race/ethnicity-specific data spanning 2002–2009 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention network of four population-based state registries to estimate the incidence rates. SLE was defined as fulfilling the 1997 revised American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. Given heterogeneity across sites, a random effects model was employed. Applying sex/race/ethnicity-stratified rates, including data from the Indian Health Service registry, to the 2018 US Census population generated estimates of newly diagnosed SLE cases.ResultsThe pooled incidence rate per 100 000 person-years was 5.1 (95% CI 4.6 to 5.6), higher in females than in males (8.7 vs 1.2), and highest among black females (15.9), followed by Asian/Pacific Islander (7.6), Hispanic (6.8) and white (5.7) females. Male incidence was highest in black males (2.4), followed by Hispanic (0.9), white (0.8) and Asian/Pacific Islander (0.4) males. The American Indian/Alaska Native population had the second highest race-specific SLE estimates for females (10.4 per 100 000) and highest for males (3.8 per 100 000). In 2018, an estimated 14 263 persons (95% CI 11 563 to 17 735) were newly diagnosed with SLE in the USA.ConclusionsA network of population-based SLE registries provided estimates of SLE incidence rates and numbers diagnosed in the USA.

The Speech-Language Pathologists' Role in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Middle and High School–Age Children: Viewpoints on Guidelines From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Katy O'Brien ◽  
Kelly Knollman-Porter ◽  
Tracey Wallace
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Purpose The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released guidelines for rehabilitation professionals regarding the care of children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Given that mTBI impacts millions of children each year and can be particularly detrimental to children in middle and high school age groups, access to universal recommendations for management of postinjury symptoms is ideal. Method This viewpoint article examines the CDC guidelines and applies these recommendations directly to speech-language pathology practices. In particular, education, assessment, treatment, team management, and ongoing monitoring are discussed. In addition, suggested timelines regarding implementation of services by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are provided. Specific focus is placed on adolescents (i.e., middle and high school–age children). Results SLPs are critical members of the rehabilitation team working with children with mTBI and should be involved in education, symptom monitoring, and assessment early in the recovery process. SLPs can also provide unique insight into the cognitive and linguistic challenges of these students and can serve to bridge the gap among rehabilitation and school-based professionals, the adolescent with brain injury, and their parents. Conclusion The guidelines provided by the CDC, along with evidence from the field of speech pathology, can guide SLPs to advocate for involvement in the care of adolescents with mTBI. More research is needed to enhance the evidence base for direct assessment and treatment with this population; however, SLPs can use their extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals with traumatic brain injury as a starting point for post-mTBI care.

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