Validation of QuEChERS Method for Estimation of Imidacloprid and its Metabolites in Cotton Flower, Pollen, Nectariferous Tissue, and Honey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpinder Kaur Brar ◽  
Balpreet Kaur Kang ◽  
Rozy Rasool ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Quechers Method ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Nectariferous Tissue ◽  
Fast Extraction ◽  
Match Accuracy

Abstract Background Exposure of Apis mellifera to neonicotinoid insecticides is one of the factors attributed to the recent decline in A. mellifera populations resulting in economic and ecological losses due to loss of pollination services. Honeybees can get exposed to neonicotinoids like imidacloprid directly in the field at the time of application as well as during consumption of pollen and nectar from treated plants. In addition, some metabolites of imidacloprid are more toxic than the parent compound. So, the fate of imidacloprid and its metabolites in commodities to which honeybees get exposed needs to be overhauled. Objective To validate QuEChERS method for estimation of imidacloprid and its metabolites in cotton flower, pollen, nectariferous tissue, and honey using HPLC. Methods The QuEChERS method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, matrix match, accuracy, and precision. The estimation of residues was done by HPLC. Results Recoveries of imidacloprid and its metabolites for cotton flowers, nectariferous tissue, pollen and honey samples were in the range of 80.42–99. 83%. LOQ for imidacloprid and its metabolites was 0.01 µg/g. Acceptable precision (RSD < 20%) was obtained. Conclusion The method allows simple and fast extraction of imidacloprid and its metabolites from cotton flower, pollen, nectariferous tissue, and honey. Highlights An accurate, simple, and sensitive analytical method was validated for imidacloprid and its metabolites. The method was validated according to the SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines.

scholarly journals Review on Sublethal Effects of Environmental Contaminants in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera), Knowledge Gaps and Future Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Di Noi ◽  
Silvia Casini ◽  
Tommaso Campani ◽  
Giampiero Cai ◽  
Ilaria Caliani
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact

Honey bees and the pollination services they provide are fundamental for agriculture and biodiversity. Agrochemical products and other classes of contaminants, such as trace elements and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, contribute to the general decline of bees’ populations. For this reason, effects, and particularly sublethal effects of contaminants need to be investigated. We conducted a review of the existing literature regarding the type of effects evaluated in Apis mellifera, collecting information about regions, methodological approaches, the type of contaminants, and honey bees’ life stages. Europe and North America are the regions in which A. mellifera biological responses were mostly studied and the most investigated compounds are insecticides. A. mellifera was studied more in the laboratory than in field conditions. Through the observation of the different responses examined, we found that there were several knowledge gaps that should be addressed, particularly within enzymatic and molecular responses, such as those regarding the immune system and genotoxicity. The importance of developing an integrated approach that combines responses at different levels, from molecular to organism and population, needs to be highlighted in order to evaluate the impact of anthropogenic contamination on this pollinator species.

Analytical method for the determination of curcumin entrapped in polymeric micellar powder using HPLC

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-873
Author(s):  
Helmy Yusuf ◽  
Nina Wijiani ◽  
Rizka Arifa Rahmawati ◽  
Riesta Primaharinastiti ◽  
M. Agus Syamsur Rijal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
The Family ◽  
Effective Analysis

Abstract Objectives Curcumin belongs to the family of curcuminoids, natural polyphenolic compounds that possesses neuroprotective properties, anti inflammatory and anticancer. Its entrapment in the developed casein-based micellar powder (CMP) and poloxamer-based micellar powder (PMP) was to enhance the solubility and improve the bioavailability. Henceforth, the present study aimed to acquire an efficient analytical method for the curcumin analysis in polymeric micellar formulations. Methods A fast and specific HPLC method was developed for analyzing curcumin in two different micellar matrices using casein and poloxamer. The HPLC was equipped with a C18 column (250 × 4 mm, 5 µm) and diode array detector. A designated isocratic elution of curcumin was employed using mobile phase with a composition of water (1%, v/v acetic acid) and acetonitrile in a ratio of 50:50 v/v. The employed flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the analyte was examined at 421 nm. Results An effective analysis in HPLC was successfully achieved by the predetermined HPLC condition. A good resolution of peaks at the employed flow rate was achieved. The linearity was excellent in two different range of concentrations, 2–20 and 10–50 μg/mL. The selectivity, accuracy and precision fulfilled the acceptable requirements. Conclusions The developed method was practically effective to qualitatively identified curcumin. In addition, the assay also effectively quantified the amount of curcumin in the polymeric entrapping matrices which demonstrates that it has great potential to be used in natural compound analysis.

Sequential generations of honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens produced using cryopreserved semen

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon K. Hopkins ◽  
Charles Herr ◽  
Walter S. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Instrumental Insemination ◽  
Diploid Female ◽  
Frozen Semen

Much of the world’s food production is dependent on honey bees for pollination, and expanding food production will further increase the demand for managed pollination services. Apiculturists outside the native range of the honey bee, in the Americas, Australia and eastern Asia, have used only a few of the 27 described subspecies of honey bees (Apis mellifera) for beekeeping purposes. Within the endemic ranges of a particular subspecies, hybridisation can threaten native subspecies when local beekeepers import and propagate non-native honey bees. For many threatened species, cryopreserved germplasm can provide a resource for the preservation of diversity and recovery of endangered populations. However, although instrumental insemination of queen honey bees is well established, the absence of an effective means to cryopreserve honey bee semen has limited the success of efforts to preserve genetic diversity within the species or to develop repositories of honey bee germplasm for breeding purposes. Herein we report that some queens inseminated with cryopreserved semen were capable of producing a substantial number of fertilised offspring. These diploid female larvae were used to produce two additional sequential generations of new queens, which were then back-crossed to the same stock of frozen semen. Our results demonstrate the ability to produce queens using cryopreserved honey bee spermatozoa and the potential for the establishment of a honey bee genetic repository.

scholarly journals Microbial Ecology of European Foul Brood Disease in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera): Towards a Microbiome Understanding of Disease Susceptibility

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Amy S. Floyd ◽  
Brendon M. Mott ◽  
Patrick Maes ◽  
Duan C. Copeland ◽  
Quinn S. McFrederick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Colony Loss ◽  
Negative Controls

European honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) are beneficial insects that provide essential pollination services for agriculture and ecosystems worldwide. Modern commercial beekeeping is plagued by a variety of pathogenic and environmental stressors often confounding attempts to understand colony loss. European foulbrood (EFB) is considered a larval-specific disease whose causative agent, Melissococcus plutonius, has received limited attention due to methodological challenges in the field and laboratory. Here, we improve the experimental and informational context of larval disease with the end goal of developing an EFB management strategy. We sequenced the bacterial microbiota associated with larval disease transmission, isolated a variety of M.plutonius strains, determined their virulence against larvae in vitro, and explored the potential for probiotic treatment of EFB disease. The larval microbiota was a low diversity environment similar to honey, while worker mouthparts and stored pollen contained significantly greater bacterial diversity. Virulence of M. plutonius against larvae varied markedly by strain and inoculant concentration. Our chosen probiotic, Parasaccharibacter apium strain C6, did not improve larval survival when introduced alone, or in combination with a virulent EFB strain. We discuss the importance of positive and negative controls for in vitro studies of the larval microbiome and disease.

scholarly journals Diversity and Global Distribution of Viruses of the Western Honey Bee, Apis mellifera

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Beaurepaire ◽  
Niels Piot ◽  
Vincent Doublet ◽  
Karina Antunez ◽  
Ewan Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
New Host ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Queen Cell

In the past centuries, viruses have benefited from globalization to spread across the globe, infecting new host species and populations. A growing number of viruses have been documented in the western honey bee, Apis mellifera. Several of these contribute significantly to honey bee colony losses. This review synthetizes the knowledge of the diversity and distribution of honey-bee-infecting viruses, including recent data from high-throughput sequencing (HTS). After presenting the diversity of viruses and their corresponding symptoms, we surveyed the scientific literature for the prevalence of these pathogens across the globe. The geographical distribution shows that the most prevalent viruses (deformed wing virus, sacbrood virus, black queen cell virus and acute paralysis complex) are also the most widely distributed. We discuss the ecological drivers that influence the distribution of these pathogens in worldwide honey bee populations. Besides the natural transmission routes and the resulting temporal dynamics, global trade contributes to their dissemination. As recent evidence shows that these viruses are often multihost pathogens, their spread is a risk for both the beekeeping industry and the pollination services provided by managed and wild pollinators.

Accuracy Improvements in LPC Measurements for CMP Slurries

2009 ◽  
Vol 1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Tolla ◽  
David Boldridge
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Large Particle ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Particle Count ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

AbstractWe have examined the Large Particle Count (LPC) analytical method to see whether there are opportunities to improve both the accuracy and precision in hope of improving the utility of the LPC measurement. We have identified weaknesses in the current method that limit both its accuracy and its precision, and which can introduce count errors in excess of a factor of 10. We propose modifications to the current method which result in both accuracy and precision improvements. We recommend these improvements as absolutely necessary for any experiments designed to test the correlation between LPC and defectivity.

scholarly journals Feral and managed honey bees, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae), in southern California have similar levels of viral pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C Geffre ◽  
Dillon Travis ◽  
Joshua Kohn ◽  
James Nieh
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Native Bee ◽  
Queen Cell

Bees provide critical pollination services but are threatened by multiple stressors, including viral pathogens. Most studies of pollinator health focus on managed honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) (MHB) or native bee species, but a third player, the feral honey bee (FHB), requires further study. Spillover and spillback of viral pathogens between these managed, feral, and native bees is generating increasing interest. In this case study, we provide evidence suggesting that FHB colonies play an important role in viral pathogen dynamics of southern California pollinator communities because they act as reservoirs, of viral pathogens such as acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), and deformed wing virus (DWV). Surprisingly, even though FHB are not treated for diseases or parasites, they harbor similar pathogen loads to MHB, which are usually highly treated, suggesting the need for future studies to determine if FHB resist or are more resilient to viruses.

scholarly journals Analytical Method Validation of Azadirachtin Extracted From Azadirachta Indica

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (04) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Syed Imran Ul Haq ◽  
Tribhuvan Singh ◽  
Shaik Mohammed Salman ◽  
Afifa Namreen ◽  
Anas Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Analytical Method Validation ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

A simple UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of Azadirachtin is developed exhibiting maximum absorbance using distilled water at 542nm.The present study is based on the detection of sample drug concentration using dichloro methane as diluent. All the conditions required were optimized. Statistical analysis was carried out and results of which were satisfactory. The optical characteristics such as absorption maxima, regression analysis and correlation coefficient are obtained. Recovery studies were close to 100% that indicate the accuracy and precision of proposed method and the non-interference of the formulation excipients. All the valid parameters are summarized.

scholarly journals Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Health in Stationary and Migratory Apiaries

Sociobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubiane Guimarães Cestaro ◽  
Maria Luisa Teles Marques Florêncio Alves ◽  
Dejair Message ◽  
Marcos Vinícius Gualberdo Barbosa Silva ◽  
Érica Weinstein Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Type Of Management

The practice of migratory beekeeping is based on moving honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies between different locations to intensify agricultural production through improved pollination services. However, due to stress caused by exposure of bee hives to different environments, migratory beekeeping activities can lead colonies to greater susceptibility of these insects to pathogens and pests, thus leading to population decline and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health profile of apiaries that adopt two types of management (stationary and migratory), located in the central-eastern region of São Paulo state, Brazil, during two sampling periods, one in spring (October 2010), and one in autumn (May 2011). We collected 474 samples of honeycomb from the brood area, combs containing capped brood, adult bees that covered the brood area, and foraging bees, to evaluate the presence and prevalence of Paenibacillus larvae, Varroa destructor, Nosema apis and N. ceranae. Seasonality was identified as a determining factor in the health condition of Africanized A. mellifera colonies, causing a stronger effect on health than the type of management employed (stationary vs migratory beekeeping). The infection rates of N. ceranae were higher during the autumn in relation to the spring (387 ± 554 spores per bee in the spring and 1,167 ± 1,202 spores per bee in the autumn in stationary apiaries and 361 ± 687 spores per bee in the spring and 1,082 ± 1,277 spores per bee in the autumn in migratory apiaries). The same pattern was found for infestation rates of V. destructor (2.83 ± 1.97 in the spring and 9.48 ± 6.15 in the autumn in stationary apiaries and 3.25 ± 2.32 in the spring and 6.34 ± 6.58 in the autumn in migratory apiaries). These results demonstrate that the seasonality affects the health of A. mellifera colonies, but it does not depend on the type of management adopted (stationary or migratory).

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