scholarly journals Toxicity of canola-derived glucosinolates in pigs fed resistant starch-based diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung W Lee ◽  
Shenggang Wang ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
Teresa Seefeldt ◽  
Abigail Donkor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Organ Weights

Abstract A study was conducted to determine effects of reducing hindgut pH through dietary inclusion of high-amylose cornstarch (HA-starch) on growth performance, organ weights relative to live body weight (BW), blood thyroid hormone levels, and glucosinolate degradation products of nursery pigs fed cold-pressed canola cake (CPCC). A total of 240 pigs (initial BW: 7.1 kg), which had been weaned at 21 d of age, were housed in 40 pens (6 pigs per pen) and fed 4 diets (10 pens per diet) in a randomized complete block design for 28 d. Four diets were a basal diet with CPCC at 0 or 40%, and with HA-starch at 0 or 40% in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The diets were fed in two phases: Phase 1 from day 0 to 14 and Phase 2 from day 14 to 28 and were formulated to have the same net energy, standardized ileal digestible AA, Ca, and standardized total tract digestible P contents. Dietary inclusion of CPCC and HA-starch was achieved by a partial or complete replacement of corn, soybean meal, and soy protein. At the end of the study, one pig from each pen was euthanized to determine organ weights, blood parameters, hindgut pH, and glucosinolate degradation products. Dietary CPCC reduced (P < 0.05) overall average daily gain (ADG) by 15%; increased (P < 0.05) relative weights of liver and thyroid gland by 27% and 64%, respectively; and reduced (P < 0.05) serum tetraiodothyronine (T4) level from 30.3 to 17.8 ng/mL. Heart, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract weights; serum triiodothyronine level; and hindgut pH of pigs were unaffected by dietary CPCC. Dietary HA-starch reduced (P < 0.05) overall ADG, relative weight of thyroid gland, cecal, and colonic pH; but increased (P < 0.05) relative weight of colon; tended to increase (P = 0.062) serum T4 level. Dietary CPCC and HA-starch interacted (P = 0.024) on relative weight of thyroid gland such that dietary CPCC increased (P < 0.05) weight of thyroid gland for HA-starch-free diet (120 vs. 197 mg/kg of BW) but not for HA-starch-containing diet (104 vs. 130 mg/kg of BW). Dietary CPCC and HA-starch interacted (P = 0.001) on cecal isothiocyanate content such that dietary CPCC increased (P < 0.05) level of isothiocyanates for HA-starch-containing diet but not for HA-starch-free diet. In conclusion, dietary CPCC reduced growth performance, increased liver, size and interfered with thyroid gland functions of pigs. However, the negative effects of dietary CPCC on thyroid gland functions of nursery pigs were alleviated by dietary HA-starch.

scholarly journals 355 Growth performance, organ weights, thyroid hormone levels, and hindgut pH of nursery pigs fed diets containing cold-pressed canola cake without or with resistant starch

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 127-127
Author(s):  
Jung Wook Lee ◽  
Tofuko A Woyengo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Thyroid Gland Weight

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine effects of reducing cecal and colonic pH through dietary inclusion of high-amylose cornstarch (HA-starch) on growth performance, organ weights, and blood parameters of nursery pigs fed cold-pressed canola cake (CPCC). A total of 240 pigs (initial BW = 7.1 kg) were housed in 40 pens (6 pigs/pen) and fed 4 diets (10 pens/diet) in a randomized complete block design for 28 d. Four diets were a basal diet with CPCC at 0 or 40%, and with HA-starch at 0 or 40% in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Diets were fed in 2 phases of 14 d each. At the termination of the experiment, one pig per pen was euthanized for determining organ weights, blood parameters, and hindgut pH of pigs. Dietary CPCC reduced (P < 0.05) overall average daily gain (ADG) by 15%; increased (P < 0.05) liver and thyroid gland weights relative to BW by 27 and 64%, respectively; and reduced (P < 0.05) serum tetraiodothyronine (T4) level from 30.3 to 17.8 ng/mL. Dietary HA-starch reduced (P < 0.05) overall ADG, thyroid gland weight relative to BW, cecal and colonic pH; but increased (P < 0.05) colon weight and tended to increase (P = 0.062) serum T4 level. Dietary CPCC and HA-starch interacted (P = 0.024) on the thyroid gland weight relative to BW such that dietary CPCC increased (P < 0.05) thyroid gland weight of pigs fed HA-starch-free diet (120 vs. 197 mg/kg of BW), but not of pigs fed HA-starch-containing diet (104 vs. 130 mg/kg of BW). In conclusion, dietary CPCC reduced growth performance, increased metabolic activities of liver and interfered with thyroid gland functions of nursery pigs. However, the negative effects of dietary CPCC on thyroid gland functions of pigs were alleviated by dietary HA-starch.

PSVI-14 Blend of Additives in Nursery Pig Diets as an Antibiotics Substitute Increases the Growth Performance and Intestinal Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Sudario Roberto Silva Junior ◽  
Rhuan F Chaves ◽  
Maíra Resende ◽  
Ygor Henrique De Paula ◽  
Kenio De Gouvêa Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Antibiotics growth promoting (AGP) in animal feed has been restricted. With this, several additives have been tested in order to replace AGP and ensure intestinal health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a blend of additives on growth performance, diarrhea incidence and cecal content microbiota of nursery pigs. A total of 576 weaned pigs (6.21 ± 1.16 kg) were assigned into 4 treatments (12 replicates) in randomized block design: basal diet without additives (NC); basal diet with 120 ppm of halquinol (PC); NC + 0,05% blend of lactic acid (3,5%), benzoic acid (2,5%), flavonoids (3,5%) (B5); NC+ 0,1% of same blend (B10). The pigs were weighed 0 and 42 days into the experiment. On day 10, one animal per pen (10 replicates) was euthanized for microbiota analyses. The diarrhea incidence was calculated by the percentage of visual pens with diarrhea, by day, in the period. The growth performance was analyzed by GLIMMIX procedure and the means were compared with Tukey test (P < 0.050) (SAS, 2009). Diarrhea incidence was analyzed by GENMOD procedure (SAS, 2009). The Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare microbial biodiversity (P < 0.050) by statistical program STAMP. The final weight (P = 0.010) and average daily gain (P = 0.001) of B10 and PC were higher than NC. Regarding diarrhea, it was observed that the B5 and B10 had lower incidence when compared to other groups in the total period. In the microbiome analyses, it was observed that the B5, B10, and PC groups had lower (P = 0.021) biodiversity when compared to the NC piglets. However, the B5 and B10 group had higher biodiversity when compared to the PC group. In conclusion, the supplementation with 0,1% blend of additives can be a substitute for AGP.

scholarly journals PSVII-24 Growth performance and organ weight of weaned pigs fed diets with different fiber and fat sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
Jinsu Hong ◽  
Tofuko A Woyengo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
White Grease

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the interactive effects of dietary fiber source and lipid source on growth performance and visceral organ weights of weaned pigs. Two hundred and eighty 21 days old pigs [initial body weight (BW) = 6.84 kg] were housed in 40 pens (7 pigs/pen). The pigs were fed 4 diets (10 pens/diet) in a randomized complete block design in 2 phases, Phase 1 from day 0 to 14 and Phase 2 from day 14 to 35. The diets were corn-soybean meal-based with either sugar beet pulp (SBP) or soybean hulls (SBH) as fiber source and either soybean oil (SBO) or choice white grease (CWG) as fat source in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The BW and feed intake were determined by phase, whereas visceral organ weights were determined on day 35. Fiber source and fat source did not interact on growth performance and organ weights relative to BW. Pigs fed CWG-containing diets had lower (P < 0.05) gain to feed ratio than those fed SBO-containing diets by 7.95% during Phase 1 of feeding. Pigs fed SBP-containing diets had lower (P < 0.05) gain to feed ratio than those fed SBH-containing diets by 7.94% during Phase 1 of feeding. However, pigs fed SBP-containing diets had greater (P < 0.05) stomach weight, and tended to have greater (P < 0.1) heart, small intestine and large intestine weights relative to BW than those fed SBO-containing diets. In conclusion, replacement of SBH with SBP in diets for weaned pigs reduced feed efficiency and increased visceral organ weights relative to BW, implying that the replacement of SBH with SBP in diets of weaned pigs increased energy expenditure in visceral organs. Inclusion of SBO (at the expense of CWG) in diets for weaned pigs can improve feed efficiency.

scholarly journals PSIII-23 Characterization of oxidized oil-elicited disruption of amino acid metabolism in nursery pigs through metabolomic analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 177-177
Author(s):  
Yue Guo ◽  
Andrea Hanson ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Brian Kerr ◽  
Pedro Urriola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

Abstract Feeding oxidized lipids compromises growth performance of pigs, but the metabolic events contributing to this adverse effect are not well defined. In this study, oxidized corn oil (OCO) was prepared by heating control corn oil (CCO) at 185 oC for 12 h. Weanling pigs (initial BW = 6.3 ± 1.4 kg) were fed 4 isocaloric diets containing 9% CCO, 6% CCO + 3% OCO, 3% CCO + 6% OCO, and 9% OCO, respectively. Pigs were provided ad libitum access to experimental diets in 3 phases (phase 1 = 4 d, phase 2 = 10 d and phase 3 = 21 d) for 35 d. Pig body weight (BW) and feed disappearance were determined at the d 0, 4, 14 and 35 to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain to feed (G:F) ratio. Serum and liver samples collected on d 35 of feeding were analyzed by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics analysis. Growth performance data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and metabolomics data were analyzed by two-tailed student’s t test for comparison between different doses of OCO and CCO treatments. The result showed that dietary OCO decreased G:F ratio (P < 0.05) dose-dependently, but did not ADFI. Metabolomics analysis showed that OCO fed pigs decreased the levels of serum alanine (P < 0.01), tryptophan (P < 0.05), carnosine (P < 0.01), and glutamic acid (P < 0.05), while the levels of threonine (P < 0.05) was increased compared to CCO. Moreover, consuming OCO decreased the hepatic metabolites from threonine catabolism pathways, including α-ketobutyrate (P < 0.01), α-amino-butyrate (P < 0.05), and propionic acid (P < 0.05), compared to CCO treatment. In addition, OCO increased hepatic NAD level by activating tryptophan-NAD+ metabolic pathway. Overall, OCO selectively modulated amino acid metabolism in nursery pigs, which may further affect growth performance.

PSIV-19 Flavors and Sweeteners in Nursery Pig Diets Increased Intake and Reduced Soft Feces in the First Weeks After Weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 179-180
Author(s):  
Jorge Y Perez-Palencia ◽  
Xixi Chen ◽  
Jirong Lv ◽  
Maíra Resende ◽  
Rhuan F Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The stressful events associated with weaning predispose piglets to reduced feed intake, which in concert with immature digestive and immune systems, results in increased incidences of diarrhea and poor performance. Flavors and sweeteners can be used in diets for young pigs as a means of attracting them to dry feed and increase their feed intake and performance after weaning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of flavors and sweeteners and their combination on growth performance and post-weaning gut health of nursery pigs. A total of 1,144 weaned pigs (initial BW 6.61 ± 0.2 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design and assigned to one of four dietary treatments, with 11 replicates (pens) of 26 piglets per pen. Dietary treatments were 1) Control: standard 4-phase nursery feeding program; 2) Sweetener: control plus sweetener (0.015%); 3) Flavor: control plus flavoring (0.05%); 4) Combination: control plus sweetener and flavoring. Experimental diets were provided at a budget of 0.9, 3.4, 4.5, and 24 kg/pig in Phase 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. A common phase 5 diet was provided ad libitum until d56 after weaning. Feed disappearance and body weight were measured every other week. A pen fecal score assessment was performed at d4, 7, 10, and 14 after weaning. Overall, there were no differences among dietary treatments for growth performance. However, during the first two weeks post-weaning pigs fed diets containing flavors and sweeteners had a greater (P = 0.097) ADFI than control pigs. On d14, pigs fed diets containing flavors and sweeteners had less incidence of soft and watery feces (χ2 &lt; 0.05) compared to control pigs. This study provides evidence that dietary inclusion of flavors and sweeteners has important benefits to the overall health of nursery pigs likely related to feed intake in the period immediately after weaning.

Increased microbial phytase increased phytate destruction, plasma inositol, and feed efficiency of weanling pigs, but reduced dietary calcium and phosphorus did not affect gastric pH or fecal score and reduced growth performance and bone ash

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Vanessa Lagos ◽  
Mike R Bedford ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Gastric Ph ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Fecal Score

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test 2 hypotheses: 1) reducing dietary Ca and P reduces gastric pH and diarrhea in weanling pigs; 2) negative effects of low Ca and P on pig growth performance may be overcome if phytase is added to the diets. A total of 320 weanling pigs (6.35 ± 0.87 kg) were allotted to 8 corn-soybean meal-based diets in a randomized complete block design with 5 pigs per pen. Two phase 1 (d 1 to 14) control diets containing 100 or 50% of total Ca and digestible P relative to the requirement, and 6 diets in which 500, 2,000, or 16,000 units of phytase/kg feed (FTU) were added to each control diet were formulated. Phytase was assumed to release 0.16% total Ca and 0.11% digestible P. Common diets were fed in phases 2 (d 15 to 27) and 3 (d 28 to 42). Growth performance data were recorded within each phase. Data for fecal scores and gastrointestinal pH were recorded for phase 1. Colon content (d 14), the right femur (d 14 and 42), and blood samples (d -1, 14, 27, and 42) were collected from 1 pig per pen. In phase 1, reducing Ca and P did not reduce gastric pH or fecal score, but pigs fed the 50% diets had reduced (P &lt; 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared with pigs fed the 100% diets. In both 50 and 100% diets, phytase above 500 FTU increased (P &lt; 0.05) gain:feed ratio (G:F) and tended (P &lt; 0.10) to reduce gastric pH of pigs. From d 1 to 42, pigs fed the 50% diets tended (P &lt; 0.10) to have reduced ADG and ADFI compared with pigs fed the 100% diets, but among the 100% diets, pigs tended (P &lt; 0.10) to have a linear increase in G:F as phytase level increased. Pigs fed the 50% diets had reduced (P &lt; 0.05) concentrations of inositol phosphate esters (IP) in the colon and reduced bone ash (d 14 and 42) compared with pigs fed the 100% diets. Phytase did not affect bone ash or most blood metabolites. Concentrations of IP in the colon decreased, whereas plasma inositol increased (d 14; P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed diets with phytase (≥ 500 FTU). In pigs fed the 100% diets, IP in the colon linearly decreased (P &lt; 0.05), but plasma inositol linearly increased (P &lt; 0.05) with increasing levels of phytase. In conclusion, reducing Ca and P in diets for weanling pigs did not influence gastric pH or fecal score, but compromised growth performance and bone ash. However, regardless of dietary Ca and P, high doses of phytase increased phytate degradation and inositol absorption, which consequently increased G:F of pigs.

515 Late-Breaking: Effects of Dietary Phytase with or without Multi-carbohydrase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Bone Traits in Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 207-208
Author(s):  
Olumide E Adeshakin ◽  
Bonjin Koo ◽  
Robert Patterson ◽  
Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Metacarpal Bones

Abstract The aim was to determine the effects of supplementing increasing doses of phytase (PHY) alone or in combination with multi-carbohydrase (MC) blend to a P-deficient diet for nursery pigs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and metacarpal bone characteristics. A total of 192 weaned pigs (7.7 ± 0.05 kg BW) were allotted to 1 of 8 dietary treatments each with 8 replicates in a randomised complete block design based on initial body weight. Diets consisted of a P-deficient negative control (NC), NC + 250 FTU/kg (TRT1), NC + 500 FTU/kg (TRT2), NC + 1,000 FTU/kg (TRT3), NC + 0.2g/kg MC (TRT4), TRT4 + 250 FTU/kg (TRT5), TRT4 + 500 FTU/kg (TRT6), and TRT4 + 1,000 FTU/kg (TRT7). Fecal samples (d 18, 19, and 20) and metacarpal bones (d21) were collected to determine apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients and bone mineralization, respectively. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with orthogonal polynomial contrast statements with a pen as an experimental unit for growth performance and digestibility and 1 pig per pen for bone traits. During week 2, MC supplementation tended to increase (P = 0.05) body weight whereas by week 3, increasing doses of PHY linearly (P &lt; 0.05) increased average daily gain (ADG). Overall, PHY supplementation had a quadratic effect (P &lt; 0.05) increasing ADG. However, there was an interaction (P &lt; 0.05) whereby PHY and MC in combination acted synergistically to increase percentage of ash and P ATTD. Phytase had linear (P &lt; 0.05) and quadratic (P &lt; 0.05) by increasing fat-free dry weight, ash content, and P in metacarpal bone. In conclusion, increasing levels of PHY quadratically improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone traits of pigs fed a P-deficient diet.

scholarly journals PSVI-17 Evaluation of a nutritional water supplement on growth performance of nursery pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 208-208
Author(s):  
Afton Sawyer ◽  
Scott Carter ◽  
Carson Cooper ◽  
Pornpim Aparachita ◽  
Megan R Bible ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Water Meters ◽  
Water Treatments

Abstract One-hundred forty weanling pigs (5.26 kg; 20 d of age) were used to determine the effects of a nutritional water supplement (WB; Water Boost, Furst-McNess, Freeport, IL) on growth performance of nursery pigs. Pigs were randomly allotted to two water treatments (7 pens/treatment; 10 pigs/pen). The water treatments were 0 and 62.5 mL WB/L of water (stock solution) supplied by water medicators (1:100 dilution). Pigs were fed simple, corn soybean meal diets (no plasma or crystalline lactose utilized) in four dietary phases (Phase 1: d 0-7, Phase 2: d 7-14, Phase 3: d 14-21, and Phase 4: d 21-42). The water treatments were provided on d 0 through d 3. Pigs and feeders were weighed weekly to determine ADG, ADFI, and G:F. Water meters were used to record and calculate water disappearance. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with pen serving as the experimental unit. Water disappearance (L/pig/d) was not affected from d 0-21, but it increased (P < 0.01) for pigs provided WB for d 21-42 (1.71 vs 2.12) and d 0-42 (1.11 vs 1.35). Growth performance was not affected by WB during d 0-21. However, from d 21-42, WB tended to increase (P < 0.10) ADG (483 vs 528 g/d) and ADFI (706 vs 767 g/d), but it had no effect on G:F. For the overall period, pigs provided WB from d 0-3 tended to have improved G:F (0.671 vs 0.684) and numerical increases in ADG (P = 0.14) and ADFI (P = 0.17) were observed. Final ending body weight tended to be increased (P < 0.10) for pigs provided WB (18.6 vs 19.9 kg). These results suggest providing WB for the first three days in the nursery to pigs fed corn soybean meal-based diets increased water disappearance and tended to improve growth performance of nursery pigs.

scholarly journals Effects of different antibiotic feeding programs on morbidity and mortality and growth performance of nursery pigs housed in a wean-to-finish facility

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L Puls ◽  
Gary L Allee ◽  
James M Hammer ◽  
Scott N Carr
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Feeding Program

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two antibiotic feeding programs in comparison to nonmedicated controls on the incidence of morbidity and mortality and growth performance of nursery pigs in a commercial setting. The study used 2,250 crossbred pigs in a randomized complete block design (blocking factor = start date). There were two dietary phases with three treatments in each phase: 1) nonmedicated controls vs. 2) 39 mg/kg (35 g/ton) tiamulin + 441 mg/kg (400 g/ton) chlortetracycline fed for 14 d (TIACTC) followed by 39 mg/kg (35 g/ton) tiamulin fed for 21 d (TIA) vs. 3) 28 mg/kg (25 g/ton) carbadox + 441 mg/kg (400 g/ton) oxytetracycline fed for 14 d (CAROTC) followed by 55 mg/kg (50 g/ton) carbadox fed for 21 d (CAR). Necropsy results from mortalities during the study confirmed the presence of pathogens including Pasteurella multocida and Escherichia coli, as well as Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, and Streptococcus suis. The study was carried out for a fixed time of 35 d from 6.7 ± 0.57 to 25.5 ± 2.23 kg BW. Pigs were housed in single-sex pens of 25 in a commercial wean-to-finish facility and there were 30 replicates of each treatment. All pigs were weighed as a group (i.e., pen) on days 0 (start), 14, and 35 (end) of study. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study period; all feed additions to the feeder were recorded. There was no effect (P &gt; 0.05) of antibiotic feeding program on the incidence of morbidity and mortality at any point during the study. During phase 1, TIACTC- and CAROTC-fed pigs were heavier (P &lt; 0.05) at day 14 and had greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADG (8.3% and 5.6% for TIACTC and CAROTC, respectively) and ADFI (4.3% and 6.5%, respectively) than controls. Pigs fed TIACTC in the first 14 d had greater (P &lt; 0.05) G:F than the other treatments, which were similar for this measurement. In phase 2, feeding CAR resulted in greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADG than controls, with pigs fed TIA being intermediate and different (P &lt; 0.05) than the other treatments. Feeding antibiotics, regardless of treatment, resulted in greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADFI than controls, but there were no differences in G:F. For the overall 35-d study period, feeding antibiotics resulted in greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADG than controls (3.8% and 5.8%, respectively), but no difference (P &gt; 0.05) between treatments for overall G:F. The results of this study confirm the advantage of feeding antibiotics on nursery pig growth.

scholarly journals PSIX-16 Growth performance and blood immune parameters of nursery pigs fed canola meal-based diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 181-182
Author(s):  
Jinsu Hong ◽  
Joy Scaria ◽  
Tofuko A Woyengo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Serum Iga

Abstract Effects of dietary solvent-extracted canola meal (SECM) on growth performance, blood thyroid hormones, and immune parameters of nursery pigs were investigated. A total of 200 weaned pigs (initial body weight = 7.00 kg) were obtained in 2 batches of 100 pigs each. Pigs in each batch were housed in 25 pens (4 pigs/pen) and fed 5 diets in a randomized complete block design. The 5 diets were corn-soybean meal-based diet with 0, 10, 20, 30, or 40% SECM. The diets were fed in 3 phases; Phase 1: d 0 to 7, Phase 2: d 7 to 21, and Phase 3: d 21 to 42. Growth performance was determined by phase. Blood parameters were determined at the end of Phases 1 and 2. Increasing dietary SECM from 0 to 40% resulted in a quadratic increase (P=0.007) in overall (d 0-42) average daily gain (ADG) such that an increase in dietary level of SECM from 0 to 20% resulted in an increase (P&lt; 0.05) in ADG by 14.1%, but an increase in level of SECM from 20 to 40% resulted in a decrease (P&lt; 0.05) in ADG by 11.4 %. Dietary SECM tended to linearly reduce (P=0.05) Phase 2 serum tetraiodothyronine level. An increase in dietary level of SECM from 0 to 20% did not affect the serum IgA level, but an increase in level of dietary level of SECM from 20 to 40% resulted in a decrease (P&lt; 0.05) in the serum IgA level. Serum IgG and TNF-α levels were unaffected by diet. In conclusion, increasing dietary SECM level from 0 to 20% increased growth performance of weaned pigs. However, increasing dietary SECM level from 20 to 40% reduced growth performance and increased immune response. Thus, SECM can be included in diets for nursery pigs at 20% to improve performance.

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