scholarly journals 245 Evaluation of Cellulose in Diets with and Without Added Zno on Nursery Pig Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 92-93
Author(s):  
Jenna A Chance ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Hilda I Calderon ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Weaning Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract A total of 1,296 pigs (PIC L337×1050; initially 4.8 kg) were used in a 42-d study to evaluate cellulose in diets with and without pharmacological levels of Zn on nursery pig performance. Our hypothesis was that added fiber (cellulose) may provide more benefit in diets without ZnO. Pens were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a RCBD by BW with 27 pigs/pen and 12 pens/treatment. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2×2 factorial with main effects of cellulose (0 vs 1%; J. Rettenmaier USA, Schoolcraft, MI) and Zn (200 vs. 3,000 mg/kg in phase 1 and 110 vs. 2,000 mg/kg in phase 2). Treatment diets were formulated in two phases fed from d 0 to 7 and 7 to 21 with a common diet fed from d 21 to 42 post-weaning. Pig weights and feed disappearance were collected weekly to determine ADG, ADFI, and G:F. On d 16 or 17, fecal samples were collected from 3 pigs/pen to determine fecal DM, and all pens were visually evaluated for fecal consistency. There were no Zn×cellulose interactions. For the experimental and overall period, pigs fed diets containing added Zn had increased (P < 0.001) ADG, ADFI, G:F and BW while those that were fed cellulose had decreased (P < 0.05) ADG. For fecal dry matter, there was no evidence for difference (P >0.10) between any of the treatments but those fed added ZnO had visually firmer feces as evidenced by lower (P < 0.001) fecal scores. When fed a common diet from d 21 to 42, pigs previously fed added ZnO had increased (P < 0.001) ADG (502 vs. 523 g/d) and ADFI (697 vs. 734 g/d). In conclusion, there were no interactive effects between added cellulose and Zn; however, cellulose reduced ADG while the inclusion of pharmacological levels of Zn improved all growth criteria.

scholarly journals 244 Effect of Fiber Source and Crude Protein Level on Nursery Pig Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Kelsey Hammers ◽  
Hilda I Calderon ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract A total of 360 pigs (DNA 200′400, initially 5.0 kg) were used in a 45-d growth trial to determine the effects of fiber source and crude protein (CP) level in diets without pharmacological levels of ZnO on nursery pig growth performance and fecal dry matter (DM). Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 8 treatments with 5 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2×4 factorial with main effects of CP (21 or 18%) and fiber source [none, coarse wheat bran (CWB), oat hulls, or cellulose (Arbocel, J. Rettenmaier USA, Schoolcraft, MI)]. Fiber source was added to equalize the level of insoluble fiber contributed from 4% CWB, resulting in the addition of 1.85% oat hulls or 1.55% cellulose. Diets were fed in two phases (d 0 to 10 and 10 to 24) followed by a common diet (d 24 to 45). The 21% CP diets contained 1.40% SID Lys in phase 1 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 2. Treatment diets were formulated to a maximum SID Lys:digestible CP level of 6.35%, thus SID Lys decreased in the 18% CP (1.25% SID Lys) diets. Data were analyzed using the lmer function in R. No fiber source × CP level interactions (P >0.05) were observed. Decreasing dietary CP decreased (P = 0.05) ADG, G:F, and d 24 BW. Overall, ADG and d 45 BW decreased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed 18% CP diets. No main effects of fiber source were observed for growth performance throughout the study. Fecal DM increased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed added cellulose compared to pigs fed no fiber or CWB in the experimental period. In conclusion, reducing dietary CP decreased growth performance and the inclusion of cellulose improved fecal DM of nursery pigs.

94 The Effects of Dietary Crude Protein, Acidifier, and Pharmacological Levels of Zinc on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Wade M Hutchens ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Weanling pigs (n = 360, DNA 200 × 400, initially 5.90 kg) were used to evaluate pharmacological levels of Zn (ZnO), diet acidification (sodium diformate; Addcon, Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany), and crude protein (18 or 21% CP) on pig performance. At weaning, pigs were assigned to treatments with 5 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment. Treatments were arranged in a 2×2×2 factorial with main effects of Zn (110 mg/kg from d 0 to 21 or 3,000 mg/kg from d 0 to 7, and 2,000 mg/kg from d 7 to 21), diet acidification (without or with 1.2% sodium diformate), and dietary CP (21 or 18%). The 21% CP diets were formulated to 1.40 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 1 and 2, respectively, and 18% CP diets were formulated to 1.20% SID Lys. Experimental diets were fed from d 0 to 21 with a common diet from d 21 to 42. Fecal samples were collected weekly to determine fecal dry matter (DM). Data were analyzed using R Studio as a RCBD. From d 0 to 21, ADG and G:F increased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed pharmacological Zn, and sodium diformate. Overall, ADG tended (P ≤ 0.069) to increase for pigs fed added Zn or sodium diformate. Pigs fed 21% CP had increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F from d 0 to 21 and overall G:F compared with those fed 18% CP. Feeding 18% CP diets increased fecal dry matter on d 7 when pharmacological Zn and sodium diformate were not in the diet (Zn×acidifier×CP interaction, P < 0.05). From d 21 to 42, there was no evidence of difference in growth performance. In conclusion, reducing CP without acidification increased fecal DM when pharmacological Zn were not in the diet, but had little effect when it was in the diet. Adding sodium diformate and pharmacological Zn independently improved nursery pig growth performance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dietary electrolyte balance on nursery pig performance1

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 378-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M Jones ◽  
Fangzhou Wu ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Increasing dietary electrolyte balance (dEB) has been reported to linearly improve pig growth performance up to approximately 200 to 250 mEq/kg. However, recent data indicate that increasing dietary dEB reduced growth performance of nursery pigs. To attempt to solve this discrepancy, a total of 2,880 weanling pigs (327 × 1,050; PIC, Hendersonville, TN; 5.2 kg initial BW) were used to determine the effects of increasing dEB on nursery pig performance. Pens of pigs were blocked by BW and gender on arrival. Within block, pens were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments. There were 30 pigs per pen (60 pigs per double-sided feeder) and 12 replications (feeder) per treatment. Dietary treatments were fed in two phases. The phase 1 diet was based on corn–soybean meal, contained dried distillers grains with soblubles (DDGS), spray-dried whey, and specialty protein sources, and was fed from days 0 to 8. The phase 2 (days 8 to 21) diets contained corn, soybean meal, and DDGS with reduced amounts of specialty protein sources. Dietary electrolyte balance was determined using the following equation: dEB = [(Na × 434.98) + (K × 255.74) − (Cl × 282.06)] mEq/kg. The dEB of the four phase 1 diets were 84, 137, 190, and 243 mEq/kg, and dEB of the four phase 2 diets were 29, 86, 143, and 199 mEq/kg. After feeding experimental diets for 21 day, a common, commercial corn–soybean meal diet was fed to all pigs from days 21 to 35 and contained a dEB of 257 mEq/kg. During days 0 to 8, increasing dEB increased (quadratic, P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and G:F. From days 8 to 21, increasing dEB improved ADG (quadratic, P = 0.022) and ADFI (linear, P = 0.001), resulting in an improvement (quadratic, P = 0.001) in G:F. Overall (days 0 to 21), increasing dEB increased (linear, P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and improved (quadratic, P < 0.001) G:F. When a common diet was fed to all pigs from days 21 to 35, there was a linear reduction in ADG and G:F with increasing dietary dEB, but no effect of ADFI. For the overall nursery period (days 0 to 35), increasing dEB from days 0 to 21 increased (linear, P < 0.001) ADG and final BW, which was the result of increased (quadratic, P < 0.05) G:F and marginally greater (linear, P = 0.077) ADFI. In conclusion, increasing dietary dEB up to 243 and 199 mEq/kg (in phases 1 and 2, respectively) in nursery diets improved growth performance of weanling pigs.

29 Live Yeast and Yeast Extracts with and Without Pharmacological Levels of Zinc on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Fecal Escherichia coli Antimicrobial Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Jenna A Chance ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
Jordan T Gebhardt ◽  
Raghavendra G Amachawadi ◽  
Victor Ishenhoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 360 barrows (DNA 200×400; initially 5.6 kg) were used to evaluate yeast-based probiotics (Phileo by Lesaffre, Milwaukee, WI) in diets with or without pharmacological levels of Zn on growth and fecal Escherichia coli antimicrobial resistance (AMR). There were 5 pigs/pen and 18 pens/treatment. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2×2 factorial with main effects of yeast pre- and probiotics (0 vs. 0.10% Actisaf Sc 47 HR+, 0.05% SafMannan, and 0.05% Nucleosaf in phase 1 then concentrations were lowered by 50% in phase 2) and pharmacological levels of Zn (110 vs. 3,000 mg/kg in phase 1 and 2,000 mg/kg in phase 2 provided by zinc oxide). Treatments were fed in two phases from d 0 to 7 and 7 to 21 with a common diet fed from d 21 to 42 post-weaning. There were no probiotics×Zn interactions. From d 0 to 21, pigs fed pharmacological Zn had increased (P < 0.001) ADG and ADFI; however, there were no effects of added pre- and probiotics. Fecal samples were collected on d 4, 21, and 42 from the same three pigs/pen for AMR profiles and fecal dry matter (DM). On d 4, pigs fed pharmacological Zn had greater fecal DM (P = 0.043); however, no differences were observed on d 21 or 42. E. coli was isolated from fecal samples and species confirmation was accomplished by PCR detection of uidA and clpB genes. Microbroth dilution method using SensititreTM CMV3AGNF panel was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibilities of E. coli isolates to 14 different antimicrobials. There was no evidence for differences in AMR of fecal E. coli isolates to antibiotics by added pre- and probiotics or Zn. Results suggest that pharmacological levels of Zn stimulate intake and growth and improve fecal consistency in the nursery with no statistical response from added pre- and probiotics.

scholarly journals 152 Effects of dietary lactose level on nursery pig performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Jason Frank ◽  
Emily Sholtz ◽  
Casey Neill ◽  
Jon De Jong
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Weaned Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
D 20 ◽  
D 12

Abstract Lactose is a critical nutrient in post weaning diets to help pigs transition from sows’ milk to dry feed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing dietary lactose level on nursery pig performance. For this trial 1,080 weaned pigs (PIC 359 x 1050; BW = 6.24 kg; 21 d) were fed 5 lactose programs using a feed budget. Program A = 24, 18, 7%; B = 20, 14, 5%; C =16, 10, 3%; D = 12, 6, 1%; and E = 8, 2, 0% lactose for Phase 1, 2, and 3; respectively. The feed budget for Phase 1 (d 0–7), 2 (d 7–14), and 3 (d 14–20) was 0.91, 3.4, and 4.5 kg/pig; respectively. A common Phase 4 (d 20–48) diet (0% lactose) was fed ad libitum. There was a quadratic response to lactose level in treatments A through E for Phase 1 ADFI (89, 71, 73, 73, 89 g/d; respectively, P = 0.034) and G:F (1.09, 1.33, 1.14, 1.15, 0.91; respectively, P = 0.042). Treatment A through E Phase 1 ADG was 100, 95, 91, 82, and 82 g/d, and Phase 2 ADG (Linear, P = 0.023) was 322, 313, 318, 304, and 295 g/d; respectively. The result was a linear trend for increased BW at the end of Phase 2 (P = 0.10) for treatments A through E (9.21, 9.10, 9.16, 9.00, 8.86 kg; respectively). Although feed cost/pig increased as lactose level increased (Linear, P = 0.041), there was no significant response in margin over feed cost/pig during the overall nursery period for treatments A through E ($15.31, $16.41, $16.22, $15.87, $16.04; respectively). In conclusion, pig performance improved during Phase 1 and 2 with increasing level of dietary lactose. These results confirm previous research showing the importance of dietary lactose in weaned pig diets.

scholarly journals PSVI-14 Interactive effects of Cordyceps mushroom powder and carbadox on nursery pig performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 207-208
Author(s):  
Jacob A Richert ◽  
Jorge Y P Palencia ◽  
Clayton S Chastain ◽  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Brian T Richert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Growth Trial

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the independent and additive effects of Cordyceps mushroom powder and carbadox to pharmacological copper+zinc in nursery pig diets. Two hundred-ten crossbred weanling pigs [(Duroc × (York × Landrace)] avg. 19 d of age and 5.8 kg were used in a 33 day growth trial. Pigs were alloted by weight, sex, ancestry, and assigned to body weight (BW) blocks. Within BW blocks, sex ratios were constant in each pen. Pen was the experimental unit and growth performance was analyzed using BW, ADG, ADFI, and G:F. There were 7 pigs/pen and 6 pens/treatment. Treatments were: 1) a negative diet (NC); 2) positive control (PC; Carbadox, 55 ppm); 3) NC+300 ppm Cordyceps mushroom powder (NC+MP); 4) PC +300 ppm mushroom(PC+MP); 5) supplemental copper sulfate (125 ppm) and zinc oxide (3000 ppm d 0-7, 2000 ppm d 7-35), CuZn. Dietary treatments were fed in a four-phase feeding program (d0-7, d7-14, d14-21, and d21-33). There were no interactions between MP and Carbadox at any time point (P > 0.10). Pigs fed the PC, PC+MP and CuZn treatment had increased BW (P < 0.05), ADG (P < 0.05), ADFI (P < 0.10) and G:F (P < 0.05) over the NC at the end of phases 1, 2, and 3, with no main effect of MP treatment. During Phase 4, pigs fed MP, PC, and CuZn diets all had increased ADG (P < 0.05; 431, 477, 455, 505, 486 g/d, diet 1-5, respectively) and ADFI (P < 0.05) over the NC fed pigs. Overall, d0-33, PC diets and CuZn supplemented pigs had increased ADG (P < 0.05) and ADFI (P < 0.05), with pigs fed MP tending to have increased ADFI (P < 0.08) over NC fed pigs. Feeding nursery pigs pharmacological levels of Cu+Zn and carbadox have economical value to increase nursery pig performance with MP may increase pig ADFI and final BW through potentially complimentary modes of action.

scholarly journals PSIV-3 Comparison of nursery pig feed programs with or without spray dried plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
Joe D Crenshaw ◽  
Joy M Campbell ◽  
Javier Polo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
A Value ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract The objective was to determine if a 3-phase feed program (CON) without spray-dried bovine plasma (SDP) using a budgeted amount of phase 1 diet (2.3 kg/pig), followed by phase 2 diet offered to d 21 post-weaning results in similar pig performance and economics compared to a 3-phase program (SDP) using 5% SDP in phase 1 diet provided d 0-14, 1.25% SDP in phase 2 diet offered d 14-21 post-weaning, with both programs using a common phase 3 diet without SDP offered d 21-48 post-weaning. Female weaned pigs (18–21 d of age; 5.02 ± 0.07 kg initial BW) were randomly allotted by BW to pens in 2 rooms to provide 23–24 pigs/pen (666 total pigs) and 14 pens/feed program. Pen data was analyzed using a randomized complete block design for effects of room and feed program using the covariance of initial BW. By d 14 pigs fed program SDP had higher (P < 0.01) ADG (159 vs 111 g/d), GF (0.85 vs 0.54), BW (7.3 vs 6.6 kg) and tended (P = 0.06) to have lower ADFI (191 vs 205 g/d) compared to CON program. By d 48 pigs fed SDP program had higher (P < 0.05) final BW (25.2 vs 24.2 kg), GF (0.60 vs 0.57) and tended (P = 0.09) to have higher ADG than CON program. Pig mortality and culls did not differ (P > 0.10) between feed programs. Assuming $4.40 kg BW, income and feed cost/pig was higher (P < 0.05) for SDP vs CON program with a value over cost advantage (P = 0.12) of $2.95/pig fed SDP. In conclusion lower cost feed programs without SDP can result in less income due to reduced final BW and GF by the end of the nursery.

scholarly journals PSIV-12 A fortified protein blend as a replacement for animal and fish proteins in nursery pig diets: Effects on growth performance, immune status, microbial metabolites, and fecal scoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
Jorge Y P Palencia ◽  
Clayton S Chastain ◽  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Alan W Duttlinger ◽  
Kayla M Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Microbial Metabolites ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Fish Proteins

Abstract This experiment observed the effects of replacing animal and fish proteins with a fortified protein blend (PROPLEX MVP) on growth performance, immune status, microbial metabolites, and fecal scoring of nursery pigs. A total of 244 barrows and gilts [Duroc x (Landrace x Yorkshire), avg. 19 d age and BW 5.88 ± 1.38 kg] were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design (2 dietary treatments × 2 feeding programs). The dietary treatments were: 1) Control diet (CONT) with animal and fish proteins and 2) PROPLEX MVP (MVP100): CONT with MVP replacing 100% of the animal and fish proteins. The feeding programs for each feeding phase were: high budget (H): Phase 1: 2.3 kg/pig; Phase 2: 4.5 kg/pig; Phase 3: 6.8 kg/pig and low budget (L): Phase 1: 1.1 kg/pig; Phase 2: 2.3 kg/pig; Phase 3: 3.4 kg/pig). For d 0-7, pigs fed CONT had greater ADG, ADFI, and G:F (P < 0.001) compared to MVP100. From d 7 to 14, ADG and G:F were greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed MVP100 compared to CONT pigs and greater for pigs fed the H budget compared to the L budget (P < 0.05). Overall, d 0 to 35, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in pig final BW, overall ADG, and G:F. For week two and most of the experimental period, pigs fed CONT had greater (P < 0.05) fecal scores, more soft and watery feces, and increased diarrhea incidence compared to MVP100 pigs. The total concentration of fecal volatile fatty acids was greater (P < 0.05) in CONT compared to MVP100 fed pigs. In conclusion, the MVP protein blend can be used as a cost effective alternative to animal and fish proteins in nursery pig diets without compromising overall growth performance, immune status, and post-weaning diarrhea.

scholarly journals PSI-33 Effect of conditioning temperature and pellet diameter on nursery pig growth performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
Olivia Harrison ◽  
Ashton Yoder ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Pellet Diameter ◽  
Conditioning Temperature ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Pig Feed ◽  
Pig Performance

Abstract A total of 350 nursery pigs (initially 7.6 kg BW) were used in a 28-d trial to evaluate the effects of conditioning temperature and pellet diameter on nursery pig performance. Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 7 treatments with 10 pens/treatment and 5 pigs/pen. The 7 treatments were arranged in a 2×3 factorial design plus a mash control, with the factors of pellet diameter (4.0 mm vs. 4.8 mm), and conditioning temperature (low, medium, vs. high). Phase 1 conditioning temperatures were 54°C, 66°C, and 77°C, while phase 2 conditioning temperatures were 54°C, 71°C, and 88°C for low, medium, and high, respectively. Pigs were fed phase 1 from d 0 to 14, which contained 10% spray dried whey, while phase 2 was fed from d 14 to 28, which did not contain milk products. Pig weights and feed disappearance were recorded weekly to determine ADG, ADFI, and G:F. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with pen as the experimental unit. Pellet diameter did not impact (P &gt; 0.05) nursery pig growth performance. Pigs fed pelleted diets had greater (P &lt; 0.05) G:F than those fed mash diets. During phase 1 and overall, there were no significant (P &gt; 0.05) interactive or main effects. However, conditioning phase 2 diets at lower temperatures improved (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and G:F than medium and high conditioning temperatures. In conclusion, pelleting improves nursery pig feed efficiency. To maximize nursery pig feed efficiency, phase 2 diets should be conditioned at relatively low temperatures.

scholarly journals PSVI-21 Interactive effects of Zn sources, Cu sources and phytase on growth performance in nursery pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
Ping Ren ◽  
Joe Cushing ◽  
Karen Wedekind ◽  
Mercedes Vazquez-Anon
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract This study investigated the interactive effects of Zn sources, Cu sources and phytase on growth performance in nursery pigs. A total of 288 weaning barrows (BW = 5.71 ± 0.81 kg), blocked by initial body weight, were randomly allotted to 1 of 8 dietary treatments, with 9 pens per treatment and 4 pigs per pen. The 8 dietary treatments were arranged in 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design, with 2 Zn sources [2000 ppm Zn from ZnO during phase 1 (d 1 to 14) and 2 (d 15 to 28), and 100 ppm Zn from ZnO during phase 3 (d 29 to 42); 100 ppm Zn from Zn methionine hydroxy analogue chelate (Zn-MHAC, MINTREX® Zn, Novus International Inc., St. Charles, MO) during phase 1 to 3], 2 Cu sources [150 ppm Cu from CuSO4 or Cu-MHAC (MINTREX® Cu) during phase 1, and 80 ppm Cu from CuSO4 or Cu-MHAC during phase 2 and 3], and 2 phytase inclusion levels (0, 500 FTU/kg). Results showed that there were no differences (P > 0.10) between ZnO and Zn-MHAC groups in terms of growth performance during the entire nursery period. Compared with CuSO4, Cu-MHAC tended to increase ADG (P = 0.07) and G:F (P = 0.08) during the entire nursery period. There tended to be an interaction (P = 0.09) between Cu sources and phytase on G:F during phase 2. Specifically, without phytase supplementation, there was no difference (P = 0.63) on G:F during phase 2 between Cu-MHAC and CuSO4, whereas with phytase supplementation, Cu-MHAC increased G:F during phase 2 (P = 0.05) compared with CuSO4. In conclusion, Zn-MHAC supplementation at 100 ppm could replace pharmacological level of ZnO without affecting growth performance. Cu-MHAC could improve growth performance compared with CuSO4. Cu-MHAC exerted synergistic effect with phytase on improving feed efficiency.

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