scholarly journals Negative effects of energy supplementation at peak lactation of sheep can be offset by the addition of Lactobacillus fermented plant extracts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Beck ◽  
K Garrett ◽  
K J Olejar ◽  
T M R Maxwell ◽  
C R Bunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Energy Supplementation ◽  
Gpx Activity ◽  
Peak Lactation

Abstract Energy supplementation may reduce oxidative stress by correcting a negative energy balance, but in some contexts it has been shown to increase oxidative stress, especially at peak lactation. The current experiment examined if a pelleted energy supplement with or without the addition of Lactobacillus fermented seaweed or seaweed plus terrestrial plants extracts impacted oxidative stress of ewes from late gestation through to weaning and ewe and lamb production from lambing to weaning. Treatments were either no supplement (CON-), a pelleted supplement only (CON+, 100 g/ewe per d), CON+ with seaweed extract only (SWO, 10-mL/ewe per d), or CON+ with seaweed plus an arrangement of terrestrial plant extract (SWP, 10-mL/ewe per d). Ewes (n = 160; mean initial BW = 72.3 ± 9.5 kg [mean ± standard deviation]) were randomized to pastures (n = 4 pastures per treatment with 10 ewes each). After lambing, ewes with twins were reallocated to pastures (n = 3 pastures per treatment with 10 ewes each) according to lambing date. At 4 weeks in milk, supplementation tended to reduce total antioxidant status (TAS; P = 0.10) and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity compared with non-supplemented ewes (P = 0.04). The addition of seaweed and terrestrial plants extracts to the concentrate, i.e. SWO and SWP, increased TAS and reduced GPx activity compared with CON+ (P < 0.01). Supplementation increased milk yield at wk 4, 6, and 8 of lactation, and protein, lactose, and total milk solids yield at peak lactation (wk 4; P < 0.05). The CON- ewes had greater somatic cell count than the supplemented ewes at week 4, 8, and 10 of lactation (P = 0.03). Our results suggest energy supplementation, alone, increases oxidative stress of lactating ewes, which may relate to increased oxidative phosphorylation. Most importantly, these results indicate that in situations where energy supplementation is needed to increase animal performance, negative effects of energy supplementation around peak lactation can be offset by the addition of Lactobacillus fermented plant extracts (SWO and SWP) to improve antioxidant status.

scholarly journals Changes in Digestive Microbiota, Rumen Fermentations and Oxidative Stress around Parturition Are Alleviated by Live Yeast Feed Supplementation to Gestating Ewes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Lysiane Dunière ◽  
Damien Esparteiro ◽  
Yacine Lebbaoui ◽  
Philippe Ruiz ◽  
Mickael Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gpx Activity ◽  
Live Yeast

Background: In ruminants, physiological and nutritional changes occur peripartum. We investigated if gastro-intestinal microbiota, rumen metabolism and antioxidant status were affected around parturition and what could be the impact of a daily supplementation of a live yeast additive in late gestating ewes. Methods: Rumen, feces and blood samples were collected from 2 groups of 14 ewes one month and a few days before parturition, and 2 weeks postpartum. Results: In the control ewes close to parturition, slight changes in the ruminal microbiota were observed, with a decrease in the concentration F. succinogenes and in the relative abundance of the Fibrobacteres phylum. Moreover, a decrease in the alpha-diversity of the bacterial community and a reduced relative abundance of the Fibrobacteres phylum were observed in their feces. Control ewes were prone to oxidative stress, as shown by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, a lower total antioxidant status, and higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the blood. In the yeast supplemented ewes, most of the microbial changes observed in the control group were alleviated. An increase in GPx activity, and a significant decrease in MDA concentration were measured. Conclusions: The live yeast used in this study could stabilize gastro-intestinal microbiota and reduce oxidative stress close to parturition.

scholarly journals Association of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Serum Total Antioxidant Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivna Plestina-Borjan ◽  
Damir Katusic ◽  
Maria Medvidovic-Grubisic ◽  
Daniela Supe-Domic ◽  
Kajo Bucan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Enzymes Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Gpx Activity

The aim was to estimate association of the oxidative stress with the occurrence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) and additionally serum total antioxidant status (TAS) were used as indicators of the oxidative stress level. 57 AMD patients (32 early and 25 late AMD) and 50 healthy, age and gender matched controls were included. GPx activity (P<0.001) and serum TAS (P=0.015) were significantly lower in AMD patients. The difference was not significant for SOD or CAT activities. Significant interaction between GPx and SOD was detected (P=0.003). At high levels of SOD activity (over 75th percentile), one standard deviation decrease in GPx increases the odds for AMD for six times (OR = 6.22;P<0.001). ROC analysis revealed that combined values of GPx activity and TAS are significant determinants of AMD status. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 75%, 95%, 52%, 69%, and 90%, respectively. The study showed that low GPx activity and TAS are associated with AMD. SOD modulates the association of GPx and AMD. The results suggest that erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activity and serum TAS could be promising markers for the prediction of AMD.

Association between calcitriol and paricalcitol with oxidative stress in patients with hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hasan Haci Yeter ◽  
Berfu Korucu ◽  
Elif Burcu Bali ◽  
Ulver Derici
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Oxidant Status ◽  
Vitamin D Analog ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract. Background: The pathophysiological basis of chronic kidney disease and its complications, including cardiovascular disease, are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) and synthetic vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) on oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 83 patients with a minimum hemodialysis vintage of one year. Patients with a history of any infection, malignancy, and chronic inflammatory disease were excluded. Oxidative markers (total oxidant and antioxidant status) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were analyzed. Results: A total of 47% (39/83) patients were using active or analog vitamin D. Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in patients with using active or analog vitamin D than those who did not use (p = 0.006). Whereas, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were significantly higher in patients with not using vitamin D when compared with the patients who were using vitamin D preparation (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). On the other hand, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were similar between patients who used active vitamin D or vitamin D analog (p = 0.6; p = 0.4 and p = 0.7, respectively). Conclusion: The use of active or selective vitamin D analog in these patients decreases total oxidant status and increases total antioxidant status. Also, paricalcitol is as effective as calcitriol in decreasing total oxidant status and increasing total antioxidant status in patients with chronic kidney disease.

scholarly journals Are insulin-resistance and oxidative stress cause or consequence of aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 (14) ◽  
pp. 1260-1267
Author(s):  
Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak ◽  
Dorota Stołtny ◽  
Alicja Brożek ◽  
Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń ◽  
Ewa Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Insulin resistance (IR) may be associated with oxidative stress and leads to cardiovascular disorders. Current research focuses on interplay between insulin-resistance indices and oxidant-antioxidant markers in elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. The assessment involved anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI, percentage of body fat (FAT)) and biochemical tests (glucose, lipids, serum insulin and plasma oxidant-antioxidant markers: Thiobarbituric Acid-Reacting Substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and total antioxidant status). Insulin resistance index (IR) assuming a cut-off point of 0.3 allows to divides groups into: insulin sensitive group (InsS) IR < 0,3 ( n = 35, median age 69.0 years) and insulin-resistant group (InsR) IR ≥ 0.3 ( n = 51, median age 71.0 years). Lipids and antioxidant defense system markers did not differentiate the investigated groups. In the InsR elderly group, the FAT was increased ( P < 0.000003) and TBARS ( P = 0.008) concentration decreased in comparison with InsS group. A positive correlation for SOD-1 and total antioxidant status ( P < 0.05; r =  0.434) and a negative correlation for TBARS and age ( P < 0.05 with r = −0.421) were calculated in InsR individuals. In elderly individuals, oxidative stress persists irrespective of insulin-resistance status. We suggest that increased oxidative stress may be consequence of old age. An insulin action identifies those at high risk for atherosclerosis, via congruent associations with oxidative stress and extra- and intra-cellular antioxidant defense systems. Thus, we maintain that insulin-resistance is not the cause of aging. Impact statement Insulin resistance is associated with oxidative stress leading to cardiovascular diseases. However, little research has been performed examining elderly individuals with or without insulin-resistance. We demonstrate that antioxidant defense systems alone is not able to abrogate insulin action in elderly individuals at high risk for atherosclerosis, whereas the combined oxidant-antioxidant markers (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), and total antioxidant status (TAS)) might be more efficient and perhaps produce better clinical outcome. In fact, a decrease in oxidative stress and strong interaction between antioxidant defense can be seen only among insulin-resistant elderly individuals. This is, in our opinion, valuable information for clinicians, since insulin-resistance is considered strong cardiovascular risk factor.

scholarly journals The Oxidative Stress in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients. An Attempt of Evaluation of Possible Compensatory Effects Occurring in the Disease Development

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Paździor ◽  
Małgorzata Kiełczykowska ◽  
Jacek Kurzepa ◽  
Dorota Luchowska-Kocot ◽  
Joanna Kocot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

Background and Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disorder of the musculoskeletal system resulting in worsening of life condition. The research revealed the involvement of oxidative stress into both OA pathogenesis and the effects of therapeutic agents applied in OA cases. The activities of the most important antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS), in blood of the knee OA patients were studied, with the aim of clarifying which enzymatic antioxidants are involved into osteoarthritis (OA)-related oxidative stress and whether any compensatory effects occur. The results were additionally analyzed with regard to gender. Methods: Whole blood SOD (U/mL), plasma GPx (U/L) and CAT (U/mL) activities as well as plasma TAS (mmol/L)) in knee OA patients were investigated. Sixty-seven patients (49 females and 18 males) with primary knee OA were enrolled. The control comprised 21 subjects (10 females and 11 males) free of osteoarthritis or inflammation. Results: TAS was decreased in OA subjects (4.39 ± 0.53 vs. 4.70 ± 0.60), with this effect being more significant in OA females (4.31 ± 0.51 vs. 5.02 ± 0.54). GPx was depressed in all OA patients (518 ± 176 vs. 675 ± 149). In both genders, GPx was decreased, significantly in males (482 ± 185 vs. 715 ± 105). SOD was decreased in all OA patients (109 ± 32 vs. 127 ± 42). CAT showed no difference in all OA subjects vs. control, while in OA females it was depleted (20.2 (11.6–31.6) vs. 38.5 (27.9–46.6)) and in OA men it increased (26.9 (23.3–46.5) vs. 14.0 (7.0–18.6)). Conclusions: The obtained results suggest that in men some compensatory mechanisms towards OA-related oxidative stress occurred. Based on the obtained data, the introduction of antioxidant supplements into OA therapy could be suggested with further research concerning the choice of agents.

Antioxidant Status, Oxidative Stress, and Damage in Elite Trained Kayakers and Canoeists and Sedentary Controls

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Teixeira ◽  
Hugo Valente ◽  
Susana Casal ◽  
Franklim Marques ◽  
Pedro Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Antioxidant Intake ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Β Carotene

Strenuous physical activity is known to generate reactive oxygen species to a point that can exceed the antioxidant defense system and lead to oxidative stress. Dietary intake of antioxidants, plasma enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase [Gr], and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) activities, nonenzymatic (total antioxidant status [TAS], uric acid, α-tocopherol, retinol, α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin) antioxidants, and markers of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituricacid-reactive substances [TBARS]) and muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK]) were measured in 17 elite male kayakers and canoeists under resting conditions and in an equal number of age- and sex-matched sedentary individuals. Athletes showed increased plasma values of α-tocopherol (p = .037), α-carotene (p = .003), β-carotene (p = .007), and superoxide dismutase activity (p = .002) and a lower TAS level (p = .030). Antioxidant intake (α-tocopherol, vitamin C, and β-carotene) and plasmatic GPx, Gr, lycopene, lutein + zeaxanthin, retinol, and uric acid levels were similar in both groups. Nevertheless, TBARS (p < .001) and CK (p = .011) levels were found to be significantly higher in the kayakers and canoeists. This work suggests that despite the enhanced levels of antioxidants, athletes undergoing regular strenuous exercise exhibited more oxidative stress than sedentary controls.

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