181 Effect of Application Rate of Sodium Lignosulfonate and Propionic Acid on DM Losses, Nutritional Composition, and Fungal Counts of High Moisture Alfalfa Hay Mini Bales

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 98-98
Author(s):  
Marjorie A Killerby ◽  
Godloves M Oppong ◽  
Saulo T Almeida ◽  
Colt W Knight ◽  
Anna Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of application rate (AR) of sodium lignosulfonate and propionic acid on high moisture alfalfa hay spoilage during storage. Treatments (TRT) were sodium lignosulfonate (NaL) and Propionic Acid (PRP), which were applied at four AR: 0 (CON), 0.25, 0.5 and 1% (w/w fresh basis) to 20% bloom alfalfa hay (second cut) at 68.5% DM and packed into mini bales (10.3x10.8x13cm; 346kg fresh/m3). The treated bales were stored for 33 days in open-top insulation boxes in a room kept at 22°C. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design (5 blocks) with a 2 (TRT) x 4 (AR) factorial arrangement, and differences were declared at P ≤ 0.05. At day 0, no differences were observed for DM (68.5 ± 0.61 %), CP (23.2 ± 0.31% DM), and NDF (42.6 ± 0.66% DM), but NaL had more sugars than PRP (0.99 vs. 0.87 ± 0.66% DM) and PRP at 1% reduced mold counts vs. CON (4.71 vs. 4.97 ± 0.05 log cfu/fresh g). At day 33, DM losses were decreased by PRP at 0.5 and 1% (0.9), relative to CON (6.92) and to NaL (6.63 ± 1.13%). Both TRT decreased NDF at 0.25% (46.3) and furthermore at 1% (44.2) relative to CON (49.4), but overall PRP had lower NDF (45.2) than NaL (47.2± 0.81% DM). No differences were observed for sugars and CP. Visual moldiness (0–10) and mold counts were also decreased by PRP at 0.5% (2.4 and 5.30) and 1% (0 and 2.7) relative to CON (6.0 and 7.13) and NaL (5.85 ± 0.67 and 7.21 ± 0.31 log cfu/fresh g, respectively). In conclusion, NaL failed to prevent spoilage of high moisture hay while PRP was effective at doses >0.5%.

PSXI-12 Effect of application rate of sodium lignosulfonate and propionic acid on in vitro digestibility and gas production kinetics of high moisture alfalfa hay mini bales

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 344-344
Author(s):  
Marjorie A Killerby ◽  
Diego Zamudio ◽  
Kaycee Ames ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Godloves M Oppong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Alfalfa Hay

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of application rate (AR) of sodium lignosulfonate and propionic acid on the in vitro fermentation measures of high moisture alfalfa hay. Treatments (TRT) were sodium lignosulfonate (NaL) and Propionic Acid (PRP), which were applied at four AR: 0 (CON), 0.25, 0.5 and 1% (w/w fresh basis) to 20% bloom alfalfa hay (second cut) at 68.5% DM and packed into mini bales (10.3×10.8×13cm; 346 kg fresh/m3). The treated bales were stored for 33 days in open-top insulation boxes in a room kept at 22°C, after which they were dried, ground to 1 mm and incubated in vitro for 48hr with ruminal fluid from two ruminally cannulated Holstein cows in lactation. Gas kinetics were recorded using the Ankom RF Gas Production System. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design (5 blocks) with a 2 (TRT) x 4 (AR) factorial arrangement, and differences were declared at P ≤ 0.05. Both TRT increased apparent in vitro DM digestibility (DMD) at all AR relative to CON (54.3 vs 50.1 ± 1.20%, respectively). PRP increased asymptotic maximal (188.4) and rate of gas production (9.46) compared to NaL (179.7 ± 4.82 ml/g of incubated DM and 8.72 ± 0.45%/h, respectively). Total VFA were higher for PRP (117.5) vs NaL (114.8), and for both TRT at 1% relative to CON (118.9 vs. 113.8 ± 1.68mM). Acetate (A) was increased by both TRT at 1% (~73.5) and propionate (P) was increased by PRP at 1% (26.1) relative to CON (69.9 ± 1.10 and 24.2 ± 0.29mM, respectively), but the A:P ratio was higher for NaL at 1% (3.02) vs. CON (2.89 ± 0.04). In conclusion, NaL and PRP at 1% improved the rumen in vitro fermentation measures of high moisture alfalfa hay but PRP did so to a greater extent.

332 Effect of Chemical and Biological Preservatives on in vitro Fermentation and Methane Production of Ensiled and Aerobically Exposed Wet Brewer’s Grains

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
Marjorie A Killerby ◽  
Diego Zamudio ◽  
Kaycee Ames ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Thomas Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
System Data

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of preservatives on the in vitro fermentation measures of wet brewer’s grain (WBG) silage at different stages of storage. Treatments (TRT) were sodium lignosulfonate at 1% (NaL1) and 2% (NaL2; w/w of fresh WBG), propionic acid (PRP; 0.5% w/w of fresh WBG), a combination inoculant (INO; Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus buchneri each at 4.9 log cfu/fresh WBG g), and untreated WBG (CON). WBG (Fresh) were packed into 8.8 L mini-silos and stored for 60 d at 21°C (Ensiled), then they were opened and aerobically exposed for 10d (AES). Samples from each stage of storage (STG; Fresh, Ensiled and AES) were analyzed for in vitro ruminal digestibility (24 h).Gas kinetics were recorded using the Ankom RF Gas Production System. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design (5 blocks) with a 5 (TRT) × 3 (STG) factorial arrangement. Apparent in vitro DM digestibility (DMD) decreased across STG, (51.5, 47.2 and 40.9 for Fresh, Ensiled and AES, respectively) and increased for NaL1, NaL2 and PRP (~47.8) vs. CON (43.0 ± 2.12%). PRP increased apparent in vitro OM digestibility (OMD) when Ensiled (54.5) and NaL2 increased it for AES (47.1) vs CON (46.3 and 39.9 ± 1.73%, respectively). The asymptotic maximal (M) and rate (k) of gas production decreased across STG (214.6, 181.5, 155.1 and 14.6, 12.6, and 9.8, for Fresh, Ensiled and AES, respectively). PRP increased (200.0) and NaL1 decreased (169.3) M vs. CON (183.9± 7.81ml/incubated DM g), while NaL1 and NaL2 (~11.4) decreased k vs. CON (13.4 ± 0.85%/h). Methane concentration and yield were higher in Fresh vs. other STG (0.94 vs. ~0.84 ± 0.07mM and 0.27 vs. ~0.23 ± 0.03mmol/g fermented OM). Spoilage of WBG decreases fermentability and methane production while PRP and NaL improve digestibility with the former also increasing M and k.

scholarly journals Effect of bambermycin and dietary distillers grains concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
Erik R Loe
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract An experiment was conducted comparing medicated feed additives (MFA) bambermycin or monensin sodium and tylosin phosphate in feedlot diets containing modified distillers grains (mDGS). Crossbred steers (n = 256; initial full BW 418 ± 28.5 kg) were allocated into three weight blocks in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were: MFA (bambermycin at 20 mg/steer daily or monensin + tylosin at 380 and 90 mg/steer daily, respectively) and mDGS inclusion (15% and 30% of diet DM). Twenty-four pens were utilized, resulting in six replications per treatment. Steers were fed a diet consisting of a 1:1 combination of dry-rolled and high-moisture corn with the roughage portion of the diet consisting of corn silage and corn stover. Steers in the heaviest two blocks were marketed after 104 d and steers in the lightest block were marketed after 126 d. Overall average daily gain (ADG) tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and was not affected (P = 0.17) by mDGS level. Dry matter intake was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with 30% mDGS with monensin and tylosin than with any other treatment. Feed efficiency was not affected by mDGS, MFA, or their interaction (P ≥ 0.30). Marbling scores were greater (P = 0.01) greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater with 15% mDGS than with 30% mDGS. Carcasses from steers fed bambermycin had a greater percentage of USDA choice than those fed with monensin and tylosin (P = 0.01). Liver abscess occurrence was not affected (P ≥ 0.17) by MFA, mDGS, or their interaction. Results from this experiment indicate that including bambermycin in feedlot diets containing 30% mDGS results in increased DMI when compared with including monensin and tylosin in 30% mDGS diet without the risk for increases in liver abscess occurrence.

scholarly journals Effects of a dietary added formaldehyde-propionic acid blend on feed enterobacteria counts and on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maicon Sbardella ◽  
Danilo do Prado Perina ◽  
Carla de Andrade ◽  
Flavio Alves Longo ◽  
Valdomiro Shigueru Miyada
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a dietary added formaldehyde-propionic acid blend on feed enterobacteria counts and on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion. Forty pigs (34.2±1.8kg BW) were used in a randomized complete block design experiment with four treatments, five replications per treatment and two animals per experimental unit (pen). The treatments were: 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0g of blend kg-1 of feed. No effects (P>0.05) of dietary added blend levels were observed on average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed:gain ratio during 1 to 14 and 1 to 28 days of experiment. Increasing dietary levels of blend reduced quadratically (P<0.01) total Enterobacteriaceae counts on 1st and 14th day after feed mixing, allowing to estimate, respectively, 2.63 and 3.35g kg-1 (average 2.99g kg-1) as the formaldehyde-propionic acid blend levels with lowest feed Enterobacteriaceae counts. Therefore, formaldehyde-propionic acid blend can reduce and/or control feed Enterobacteriaceae growth. There was no effect (P>0.05) of blend on fecal formaldehyde excretion on the 28th day of the experimental period. Therefore, the addition of dietary formaldehyde-propionic acid blend up to 3.0g kg-1 of feed reduces the Enterobacteriaceae counts until the 14th day after feed mixing, without any effects on growing pig performance and fecal formaldehyde excretion

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AMOUNT AND LENGTH OF ALFALFA HAY IN DIETS CONTAINING BARLEY OR CORN ON SITE OF DIGESTION AND RUMEN MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN DAIRY COWS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. RODE ◽  
L. D. SATTER
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Total Digestion ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Microbial N

Eight lactating Holstein cows fitted with simple cannulae in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. The factors studied were: (1) forage length (full bloom alfalfa hay, long or chopped); (2) forage level in the total ration (25 or 75%); and (3) type of grain in the concentrate mixes (barley or corn). Organic matter (OM) intake was not affected by level of forage or grain type but was greater (P < 0.05) with chopped hay than with long hay. Apparent total digestion of OM increased (P < 0.01) from 59.7 to 68.1% as forage in the diet decreased from 75 to 25%, but site of digestion was unaffected. Flow to the duodenum of nonammonia-N, feed N, and microbial N were unaffected by forage level, forage length, or grain type. No differences in main effects were observed between corn and barley but interactions between grain type and forage length or amount indicate that type of grain had an influence upon site of OM digestion and flow of nonammonia-N and microbial N from the rumen. Efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (MPS) was positively associated with turnover rate of rumen solids regardless of liquid dilution rate. When no change in turnover rate of solids occurred, efficiency of microbial protein synthesis increased in association with increases in turnover rate of liquid. Key words: Lactation, cattle, bacteria, alfalfa, duodenum, rumen

EFFECTIVENESS OF ANHYDROUS AMMONIA AS A PRESERVATIVE FOR HIGH-MOISTURE HAY

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. THORLACIUS ◽  
J. A. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Moisture Control ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of anhydrous ammonia as a preservative for high-moisture hays. In the first experiment, alfalfa hay, containing approximately 35% moisture was baled, stacked, sealed in polyethylene and treated with 1 and 2% (wt/wt) anhydrous ammonia. The plastic was removed at either 4 or 21 days after ammoniation and the bales were sampled following 4 mo in storage. The effects of ammoniation on heating, spoilage, chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVDOM) relative to untreated high- and low-moisture control stacks were determined. In the second experiment, ammonia was injected at the same rates into stacks of baled bromegrass hay containing approximately 30% moisture. The treated stacks were sealed for periods of 1 and 4 mo. In addition to the parameters measured in the first experiment, the bromegrass hays were fed to wethers to measure voluntary intake and digestibility in vivo. Injection of 2% anhydrous ammonia was completely effective in preventing heating and mold growth in the legume and grass hays during both the treatment period and following removal of the polyethylene cover. The 1% ammonia treatment reduced but did not prevent heat damage and mold growth. Ammoniation increased the crude protein content of all treated hays, the 2% application rate being more effective than 1%. Retention of the added N varied from 26.5 to 72% depending on application rate and duration of the treatment period. Applying 2% anhydrous ammonia to alfalfa hay prevented the decrease in IVDOM which occurred during storage in all other treatments and limited the increases in the proportion of NDF and ADF relative to the changes in these components which occurred in the high moisture control and 1% ammoniation treatments. Ammoniation of bromegrass hay did not affect voluntary intake (P > 0.05). The treated hays were readily consumed by the wethers and no toxic or other deleterious effects were observed. Ammoniation of bromegrass hay increased in vivo digestibility of all components measured except protein. In general, the increases in digestibility were greater following application of 2% than 1% ammonia and for the 119 vs. the 29 day treatment period. Key words: Anhydrous ammonia, preservative, hay, sheep, digestibility

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Amylose/amylopectin Ratio on Diarrhea and Gut Microorganism of Weaned Pigs Challenged With Escherichia Coli Lipopolysaccharide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
can yang ◽  
min wang ◽  
xiaowu tang ◽  
huansheng yang ◽  
fengna li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Valeric Acid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weaning Piglets

Abstract Background: Dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio (DAR) plays important role in piglets’ immune system. It is controversial whether diarrhea could be relieved by changing DRA in weaning piglets.Methods: A total of 60 (Landrace × Yorkshire) castrated male pigs (initial body weight 6.51 ± 0.64 kg) were allotted to 5 groups (1 pig/cage and 12 replicates/group) in a randomized complete block design according to their BW. Piglets were fed ad libitum with diets different in DAR (0.00, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80) for 28 days. Feed transition occurs at day 15. 100 μg/kg body weight lipopolysaccharides or same amount of saline were injected via abdomen on day 29, 12 h before slaughter. Results: Diarrhea rate and diarrhea degree were higher when DAR was 0.40 than in groups 0.20 and 0.80 during third weed (P<0.05). Iso-valeric acid of ileum decreased after LPS stress (P<0.05). Cecal iso-butyrate acid and iso-valeric acid concentrations increased after LPS stress (P<0.05). Iso- and valeric acid concentration of ileal chyme was higher in group 0.20 compared with other groups (P＜0.05). Cecal acetic acid and propionic acid concentration were higher in group 0.40 than in group 0.20 (P＜0.05). Alpha diversity of cecal microbial representative by goods coverage was higher in group 0.40 when compared with group 0.20 (P＜0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_ NK4A214_ group and Anaerotruncus in cecal chyme of Group 0.20 was significantly higher than that in Group 0.40 (P<0.05), with no significant difference compared with other groups (P>0.05). The abundance of Cetobacterium was significant lower in cecal chyme from Group 0.20 compared with pigs from Group 0.40(P<0.01), with no significant difference compared with other groups (P>0.05). Diarrhea rate during third week negative correlated with abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_ gut_ group and X.Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Diarrhea happened when weaned piglets received diet with DAR 0.40 during feed transition, but they will regulate cecal microorganism and metabolites such as acetic acid and propionic acid to restore their health.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND YIELD OF OKRA VARIETIES AS AFFECTED BY RATES OF ORGANO-BASED FOLIAR FERTILIZERS IN RAINFOREST AND RAINFOREST/SAVANNA TRANSITION AGRO-ECOLOGY OF NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
P. O. AKINTOKUN ◽  
D. U. AMUOFU ◽  
M. O. ATAYESE ◽  
C. O. ADEJUYIGBE
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Effect On Growth

A field experiments were conducted at the Directorate of University Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB) and National Horticulture Research Institute (NIHORT), Ibadan between May and August 2015 to assess the effect of different f organo-based fertilizer (fertilizer applied on the leaves) and their rate on growth and yield of two Okra Varieties: LD88 (Late Maturity), and NHAe–47 (Early Maturity). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The experiment was a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial combinations laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in a split-split-plot arrangement, with three replicates at both locations. Factors were okra varieties (LD88 and NHAe–47), the fertilizer types (D.I grow green ® and D.I grow red®) and four rate of foliar applications (0, 300, 600 and 900 ml/ha) while NPK 15:15:15 served as check were applied at 4,6, and 8 Weeks After Sowing (WAS). Agronomic data were obtained from growth and yield variables. Results showed that varieties had significant (P≤ 0.05) effect on growth and yield variables. Variety of LD88 had higher plant height and more leaves than NHAe-47 at both locations. Foliar fertilizer had significant (P≤ 0.05) effect on growth and yield variables. The D.I Grow Green® produced significantly numbers of leaves (11, 9). Application rate of 300 ml/ha and 600 ml/ha D.I.Grow Green® gave a better performance. The LD88 variety produced significantly (P< 0.05) longer pod length (4.68 cm), fresh fruit weight (4.84 t/ha) and dry fruit weight (0.31 t/ha) than NHAe-47. Application rate of 600 mls/ha D.I.Grow Red® produced significantly fresh fruit weight (5.79 t/ha) compared to control (1.32 t/ha). In conclusion, okra variety LD88 had superior growth and yield performance. Application of D.I.Grow Red® at the rate of 300 ml/ha  at Funaab and 600ml/ha at Nihort enhance fruit yield performance on okra. Therefore, 300ml/ha and 600ml/ha could be recommended to farmers in Rainforest/Savanna transition (Abeokuta) and Rainforest agro-ecology (Ibadan), respectively   , , , ,

scholarly journals Effect of Blending Ratio of Mango Juice on Physicochemical and Sensory Acceptability of Soya Yoghurt, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Wasihun Wale ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Mango Juice ◽  
Mouth Feel

This study was conducted on effect of blending ratio of mango juice on physicochemical and sensory acceptability of soya yoghurt. To evaluate physicchemical (PH, TSS and titrateble acid) and sensory acceptability (color, taste, flavor, mouth feel and overall acceptability), four formulations of soya yoghurt samples were prepared from blending ratio of 100:0% (S1 ), 90:10% (S2 ), 80:20%(S3 ), 70:30% (S4 ) soya yoghurt and mango juice, respectively. Designs of the study were Completely Randomized for physicochemical properties and randomized complete block design for sensory acceptability with four treatments and three replications. Physicochemical properties (PH and TSS) of soya yoghurt samples had shown significant difference (p< 0.05) in mean scores, but titrateble acid of soya yoghurt samples had not shown significant difference (p<0.05) in mean scores when the amount of mango juice were increased in blending ratio. Sensory acceptability of soya yoghurt samples were increased as increase the amount of mango juice in blending ratio except color when panelists were evaluated. Soya yoghurt sample four (S4 ) had highest mean scores of sensory acceptability (flavor = 4.65, taste = 4.53, mouth feel = 4.37 and overall acceptability = 4.93) as compared to other soya yoghurt samples. Control (S1 ) soya yoghurt sample had highest mean score (4.67) of color than other soya yoghurt samples. Based on result of this study, soya yoghurt sample four (S4 =70% soya yoghurt: 30% mango juice) was recommended to increase sensory acceptability of soya yoghurt that is important for milk intolerance children. Further study will be needed on nutritional composition of soya yoghurt samples blended with mango juice.

scholarly journals Influence of Bark, Dolomite, and Fertilizer Sources on Leachate pH of Nursery Medium

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 592E-592
Author(s):  
Allen D. Owings ◽  
Edward W. Bush ◽  
Mitchell W. Goyne
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
Dolomitic Lime ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Lime Application ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Leachates were collected at 3-month intervals over 12 months to determine the influence of bark, controlled-release fertilizer, and dolomitic lime sources and dolomitic lime application rates on pH of nursery media. The randomized complete-block design was arranged as a factorial and included three bark sources (pinebark, hardwood, and pinebark + hardwood), two fertilizer sources (Nutricote 17-7-8 and SierraBlen 18-7-10), and two dolomitic lime sources (microencapsulated granular and pulverized). Dolomitic lime application rates were 0, 5, 10, and 15 pounds per cubic yard. Leachate pH was influenced over the one-year evaluation period by fertilizer source, bark source, and application rate of dolomitic lime. Dolomitic lime source was not a significant factor in adjustment of leachate pH. Pinebark medium had lower leachate pHs than hardwood medium and the medium containing hardwood and pinebark. Dolomitic lime influenced leachate pH of pinebark medium more than the other bark sources. SierraBlen was more acid-forming than Nutricote.

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