scholarly journals PSV-2 Effects of protease on growth performance, fecal gas emission of 25- to 55-kg pigs fed low or high density diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 192-192
Author(s):  
Ludovic Lahaye ◽  
Glenmer Tactacan ◽  
Seung-Yeol Cho ◽  
Jinho Cho ◽  
In Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Density ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Range Test

Abstract Volatility in feed ingredient prices prompts animal nutritionists to evaluate alternative methods to control feed costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of protease in growing pigs fed either high or low-density diets. A total of 140 pigs [(Landrace×Yorkshire)×Duroc] were used in a 6-wk study with an initial BW of 24.1 ± 0.02 kg equally distributed in 7 pens per treatment fed one of the following treatments: High-density diet with 3400 kcal ME/kg, 19.5% CP, and 0.85% SID Lys; High-density diet + 125 g/t Jefo Protease (Jefo, Canada); Low-density diet with 3300 kcal ME/kg, 17.6% CP, and 0.83% SID Lys; and Low-density diet + 125 g/t Jefo Protease. Diets were corn, soybean meal-based with 12% rice bran and 8% wheat bran. Data were subjected to statistical analyses as a completely randomized design using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with pen as the experimental unit. Differences among treatment means were determined using Duncan’s multiple range test with level of significance at P ≤ 0.05. High-density diets (P = 0.01) and protease supplementation (P = 0.05) significantly improved G:F in pigs (Table 1) compared to low-density diets and no protease supplementation. NH3 and H2S gas emission tended to be lower (P ≤ 0.10) in diets supplemented with protease. There were no statistical differences (P > 0.10) in initial weight, final weight, ADG, and ADFI. In conclusion, protease supplementation and high density diets improved G:F in 25- to 55-kg pigs.

scholarly journals Comparative effect of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. and Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) charcoal powders on the growth of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L Olajiire-Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Range Test

The high cost of purchasing inorganic fertilizer and its impacts on the soil and the environment remains a major concern in environmental management. Consequently, there is the need to explore other ways to enhance soil fertility. The study investigated the effects of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. and Gliricidia sepium (Jacq) charcoal powders on the growth of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq). Benth seedlings. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 13 treatments and 9 replicates each. Seeds were sowed directly into polyethene pots while the various treatments were added a week after sowing seeds. Watering was done daily while weeding was done periodically. Growth parameters of seedling height (cm), stem diameter (mm) and leaf count were assessed weekly for 16weeks. Data collected was subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance while the means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The result obtained showed that 15g of Gliricidia sepium charcoal powder + 2kg of topsoil) performed best in height and leaf production with values of 15.85cm and 20.58 respectively.5g of Bambusa vulgaris charcoal powder + 2kg of topsoil) performed best with the value of 0.41mm for stem diameter.2kg of topsoil had the least performance for all parameter assessed. The ANOVA result showed that there was significant difference at P>0.5 among the treatments at 5% level of probability in terms of plant height, stem diameter, leaf production. The study concludes that the addition of charcoalas soil additive enhanced growth of Parkia biglobosa seedling at nursery stage.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi Betain terhadap Beberapa Parameter Lipida dan Protein Darah pada Puyuh

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Aditya D Shenatmoko ◽  
Aris Kurniawan ◽  
C V Gebby ◽  
Adi Ratriyanto ◽  
Rysca Indreswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

<p>The objective of this research was to see the influence of betaine supplementation on some of blood lipid and protein parameters in laying quails. The research used four treatments based on completely randomized design. Each treatment was replicated five times with seventeen quails each.<br />The treatments used 340 quails aged 4 weeks with average weigh 98.31±8.67 grams. The supplementation levels of betaine were 0 (control); 0.07; 0.14 and 0.21%. Twenty quails aged 14 weeks were taken from each replicate to determine blood lipid and protein. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there was an effect of treatment, then it was analyzed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that betaine supplementation at level 0.14% resulted higher level of low density lipoprotein compared with the other treatments. It could be concluded that betaine supplementation at 0.14% resulted higher concentration of low density lipoprotein than control.<br />Key words: quail, betaine, blood lipid, blood protein</p>

scholarly journals Reduction of River Pollutants with Raffia-Cord in Sail River Pekanbaru Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
Budijono ◽  
R D Sibagariang ◽  
M Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Reduction Effectiveness

Abstract The Sail River has been polluted by various types of pollutants in Pekanbaru. Raffia-cord is shaped like a feather duster, made of raffia rope that has been smoothed and then woven like a feather duster. This research was conducted as an effort to reduce the river pollutants (nitrate, phosphate, ammonia, Pb, Cr, COD, and BOD5. The study was carried out in Sail River in March – April 2019 using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with density variations: low density (P1), medium density (P2), and high density (P3). The average results showed that the decrease for nitrate was 0.075-0.117 mg/L (35-44%) from 0.136-0.347 mg/L; phosphate 0.205-0.267 mg/L (29-40%) from 0.339-0.381 mg/L; ammonia 0.027-0.076 mg/L (28-58%) from 0.093-0.108 mg/L. The decreasing effectiveness of P1, P2, and P3 for Pb were 67.146%, 70.465% and 67.242%; for Cr were 81.346%, 83.335% and 81.893%. The average COD reduction effectiveness were 38.7%; 46.9%; 42.5% while BOD5 were 71.4%, 74.1% and 69.5%. It was concluded that raffia-cord could be used to reducing nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia levels, raffia-cord was able to reduce the concentration of Pb and Cr but raffia-cord had no significant effect on decreasing COD and BOD5.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and enzimatic transformations of "eva" apples stored under modified atmosphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
Ariela Betsy Thomas ◽  
Caroline Roberta Freitas Pires ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The City

The need for a permanent market supply of fresh fruit has generated great interest in postharvest techniques that can promote useful life and quality of the fruit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of atmospheric modification using different polymeric films in maintaining postharvest quality and prolonging the shelf life of Eva (Mallus sp) apples. For this, fruits from the city of Barbacena - MG, selected and sanitized were packed in plastic trays and wrapped in the corresponding films. The films used were: polypropylene - 20 µm, low-density polyethylene - 14 µm and high-density polyethylene - 7 µm. Another group of fruits (control) was not submitted to a modified atmosphere. Subsequently, all the the packages were stored under refrigeration (0 ° C ± 0.5) for 210 days and the evaluations of the following variables were performed every 30 days of storage: hydrogen potential (pH), titratable acidity, soluble solids, weight loss, firmness, total pectin, soluble pectin, pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase. The work was conducted in a completely randomized design (4x8), with 4 treatments and 8 experimental times. Each treatment consisted of three replicates and each experimental unit consisted of six fruits. The results were submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability and regression analysis. The low density polyethylene (14 µm) packaging provided the best conservation of the Eva cultivar apple textural characteristics.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Minyak Ikan dalam Ransum Ayam Kampung terhadap Profil Lemak Darah

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Anhar Faisal Fanani ◽  
Nurul Fajrih ◽  
Wa Laili Salido
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Materials Used

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi level penambahan minyak ikan lemuru dalam ransum ayam kampung terhadap profil lemak darah.Materi penelitian yang digunakan adalahayam kampung betina umur 24 minggu. Bahan pakan yang digunakan adalah minyak ikan lemuru, bekatul, jagung giling, bungkil kedelai, minyak sawit, tepung ikan, dan premix multi mineral dan vitamin. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL).  Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah T0 = Penggunaan minyak ikan lemuru sebanyak 0%, T1 = Penggunaan minyak ikan lemuru sebanyak 2%, T2 = Penggunaan minyak ikan lemuru sebanyak 4%, T3 = Penggunaan minyak ikan lemuru sebanyak 6%. Parameter yang diamati adalah kolesterol total, kadar High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) dan Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) darah ayam kampung. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi yang dilanjutkan uji duncan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan minyak ikan lemuru pada level tertinggi berpengaruhnyata (P<0,05) terhadap kolesterol total, kadar HDL dan LDL darah.Kesimpulan penelitian adalah pemberian minyak ikan lemuru sampai 6% dapat digunakan dalam campuran pakan ayam kampung.Kata kunci: Profil lemak darah, ayam lokal, minyak ikan lemuruABSTRACTThe aimed of the study was to evaluate the level of addition lemuru fish oil in the ration of local chicken on the blood fat profile. The research materials used was female local chickens aged 24 weeks. The feed materials used are lemuru fish oil, rice bran, milled corn, soybean meal, palm oil, fish meal as well as multimineral and vitamin premix. The research method using a complete by randomized design. The treatments are given wereT0= lemuru fish oil as much as 0%, T1 = lemuru fish oil as much as 2%, T2 = lemuru fish oil as much as 4%, T3 = lemuru fish oil as much as 6%. The observed variables were total cholesterol, levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of local chicken blood. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and was continued with Duncan test. The results showed that the treatment with lemuru fish oil at the highest level had a significant effect (P<0.05) on total cholesterol, HDL levels, and LDL blood. The conclusion of the study is that the provision of lemuru fish oil up to 6% can be used in native chicken feed mix.Keywords: The blood fat profile, local chicken, lemuru fish oil

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi Betain terhadap Beberapa Parameter Lipida dan Protein Darah pada Puyuh

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Aditya D Shenatmoko ◽  
Aris Kurniawan ◽  
C V Gebby ◽  
Adi Ratriyanto ◽  
Rysca Indreswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

<p>The objective of this research was to see the influence of betaine supplementation on some of blood lipid and protein parameters in laying quails. The research used four treatments based on completely randomized design. Each treatment was replicated five times with seventeen quails each.<br />The treatments used 340 quails aged 4 weeks with average weigh 98.31±8.67 grams. The supplementation levels of betaine were 0 (control); 0.07; 0.14 and 0.21%. Twenty quails aged 14 weeks were taken from each replicate to determine blood lipid and protein. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there was an effect of treatment, then it was analyzed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that betaine supplementation at level 0.14% resulted higher level of low density lipoprotein compared with the other treatments. It could be concluded that betaine supplementation at 0.14% resulted higher concentration of low density lipoprotein than control.<br />Key words: quail, betaine, blood lipid, blood protein</p>

scholarly journals Impact of curcumin supplementation in monochromatic light on lipid serum profile of sexually mature female Magelang ducks

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
K. Kasiyati ◽  
S. Sumiati ◽  
D. R. Ekastuti ◽  
W. Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Sexually Mature

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of curcumin supplementation inexpose monochromatic light on serum lipid concentrations of sexually mature female magelang duck. One hundred and ninety two female magelang ducks were assigned into a completely randomized design with a 4×4 factorial arrangement and each experimental unit was repeated 3 times, each with 4 female magelang ducks. The first factor was dose of curcumin supplementation consisted of 4 levels i.e., 0, 9, 18, and 36 mg/duck/day. The second factor was the color of monochromatic light consisted of 4 levels i.e., white, red, green, and blue colors. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The result showed that serum concentrations of triglyceride, cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were lower (P<0.05) while high density lipoprotein (HDL) were higher (P<0.05) in experimental ducks supplemented with a curcumin dose of 36 mg/duck/day in variety of monochromatic light colors compared to control experimental ducks without curcumin supplementation. The curcumin doses of 18 or 36 mg/duck/day within red, green, or blue light had the potential to modulate lipid metabolism, as indicated by the increased serum concentration of HDL and the decreased serum concentrations of triglyceride, cholesterol, VLDL, and LDL of the experimental female magelang ducks. 

scholarly journals PSVI-16 Effects of feeding spices on heifer gains and potential as tick management

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
Jaymelynn Farney
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Tick Population ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Chemical Usage ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Alternative methods to antibiotics/chemical usage in cattle production has been of interest in recent years and essential oils/spices have been promoted to fill this niche. The purpose of this research was to evaluate effect of feeding spices on heifer gains and as control method for ticks. Eight bromegrass pastures were stocked (March to November) with four heifers per pasture to compare control mineral (CON) to mineral containing spices (SPICE; garlic + proprietary blend of 4 spices). Mineral (113.4 g/hd/d) was blended in dried distillers grains (DDGs) and total blend was supplemented daily at 0.5% of BW. Heifers were weighed on two consecutive days at the start and end of the study and every 28 d. Weekly (1st 10 weeks), ticks were counted and removed from every heifer. Gains evaluated using MIXED (SAS 9.4) as completed randomized design with subsampling where pasture was experimental unit and heifer within pasture as subsample. Ticks/heifer was evaluated similarly using GLIMMIX with binomial distribution. Average daily gain was increased by 0.7 kg/d with the SPICE mineral (P = 0.04) and heifers on SPICE gained 15 kg more over the entire grazing period (P = 0.04) than heifers on CON. The gain advantage for SPICE was observed within the first 28 d (P = 0.05). Overall, these pastures had a low tick population (137 total ticks collected). Even so, there was a tendency (P = 0.09) for a treatment x week interaction, where in weeks 2 and 3, SPICE heifers tended (P = 0.12) to have more ticks/heifer than CON heifers, yet at weeks 8 and 10 SPICE heifers tended (P = 0.07) to have less ticks/heifer than CON. SPICE in a mineral blended with DDGs increase heifer gains and appear, after a minimum of 4 weeks of consumption, to show some repellent effects to ticks.

scholarly journals Effects of pre-sowing treatments on germination of Jatropha curcas L. seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-649
Author(s):  
Onyekachi Chukwu ◽  
◽  
Ayobami A. Adeagbo ◽  
Chisom L. Umeh ◽  
Blessing C. Ojomah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Successful Production

Successful production of healthy seedlings in a forest nursery can be ensured through seed treatment to enhance germination. This study assessed the effects of pre-sowing treatments on the germination of Jatropha curcas; to provide the best treatment for enhancing seedling production. The experiment was laid in a completely randomized design with four treatments: (i) control (T1), (ii) soaking in; water at room temperature at room temperature for 16 hours (iii) cow-dung slurry for 16 hours (iv) 98% concentrated sulphuric acid for 5 minutes Each treatment received 10 seeds and was replicated 5 times giving a total of 200 seeds sown in sterilized river bank sand. Germinated seeds were counted, converted to percentages and arsine values. The data were further subjected to analysis of variance and significant means were separated using Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that seeds with no pre-sowing treatment had the highest mean germination (66%), DMRT revealed that significant difference (P<0.05) existed between seeds with no pre-sowing treatment and other treatments. The study concluded that viable Jatropha curcas seeds have no germination problem; the seeds could be germinated without pre-sowing treatment.

Quantitative defect studies in semiconductor TEM samples prepared by low angle ion milling

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
L. Mulestagno ◽  
J.C. Holzer ◽  
P. Fraundorf
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Variable Angle ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Induced Defects

Due to the wealth of information, both analytical and structural that can be obtained from it TEM always has been a favorite tool for the analysis of process-induced defects in semiconductor wafers. The only major disadvantage has always been, that the volume under study in the TEM is relatively small, making it difficult to locate low density defects, and sample preparation is a somewhat lengthy procedure. This problem has been somewhat alleviated by the availability of efficient low angle milling.Using a PIPS® variable angle ion -mill, manufactured by Gatan, we have been consistently obtaining planar specimens with a high quality thin area in excess of 5 × 104 μm2 in about half an hour (milling time), which has made it possible to locate defects at lower densities, or, for defects of relatively high density, obtain information which is statistically more significant (table 1).

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