scholarly journals Reduction of River Pollutants with Raffia-Cord in Sail River Pekanbaru Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 934 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
Budijono ◽  
R D Sibagariang ◽  
M Hasbi
Keyword(s):  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Reduction Effectiveness

Abstract The Sail River has been polluted by various types of pollutants in Pekanbaru. Raffia-cord is shaped like a feather duster, made of raffia rope that has been smoothed and then woven like a feather duster. This research was conducted as an effort to reduce the river pollutants (nitrate, phosphate, ammonia, Pb, Cr, COD, and BOD5. The study was carried out in Sail River in March – April 2019 using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with density variations: low density (P1), medium density (P2), and high density (P3). The average results showed that the decrease for nitrate was 0.075-0.117 mg/L (35-44%) from 0.136-0.347 mg/L; phosphate 0.205-0.267 mg/L (29-40%) from 0.339-0.381 mg/L; ammonia 0.027-0.076 mg/L (28-58%) from 0.093-0.108 mg/L. The decreasing effectiveness of P1, P2, and P3 for Pb were 67.146%, 70.465% and 67.242%; for Cr were 81.346%, 83.335% and 81.893%. The average COD reduction effectiveness were 38.7%; 46.9%; 42.5% while BOD5 were 71.4%, 74.1% and 69.5%. It was concluded that raffia-cord could be used to reducing nitrate, phosphate, and ammonia levels, raffia-cord was able to reduce the concentration of Pb and Cr but raffia-cord had no significant effect on decreasing COD and BOD5.

scholarly journals Photo-selective shade nets on the production and quality of sugarcane plantlets

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
José J. F. Cordeiro Júnior ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
José A. D. Barbosa Filho ◽  
Alex S. Moraes ◽  
Luiz A. de Almeida Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and research aimed at propagation has promoted higher quality in production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the variation of micrometeorological elements on the survival and quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane plantlets. The study was carried out in a protected environment (UFRPE). Plantlets of the cultivar RB92579 were obtained by the technique of production of pre-sprouted plantlets. The protected environments were divided into four modules covered with low-density polyethylene plastic + photo-selective shade nets and one module without shade net. Micrometeorological data of global and photosynthetically active solar radiation, air temperature, substrate temperature, relative humidity and the solar radiation spectrum were recorded in each module. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design and the principal component analysis was used to verify the association between the cultivation modules, micrometeorological variables and crop variables. Anti-UV low-density polyethylene plastic + freshnet led to lower transmittance of global solar radiation, higher percentage of photosynthetically active radiation and lower plantlet mortality. Substrate temperature above 30.2 °C resulted in higher plantlet mortality. Larger spectrum in the red range led to the production of better quality plantlet. The use of freshnet shade net promoted adequate conditions for the cultivation of sugarcane plantlets and allows obtaining better quality plantlets.

scholarly journals PSV-2 Effects of protease on growth performance, fecal gas emission of 25- to 55-kg pigs fed low or high density diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 192-192
Author(s):  
Ludovic Lahaye ◽  
Glenmer Tactacan ◽  
Seung-Yeol Cho ◽  
Jinho Cho ◽  
In Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Density ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Range Test

Abstract Volatility in feed ingredient prices prompts animal nutritionists to evaluate alternative methods to control feed costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of protease in growing pigs fed either high or low-density diets. A total of 140 pigs [(Landrace×Yorkshire)×Duroc] were used in a 6-wk study with an initial BW of 24.1 ± 0.02 kg equally distributed in 7 pens per treatment fed one of the following treatments: High-density diet with 3400 kcal ME/kg, 19.5% CP, and 0.85% SID Lys; High-density diet + 125 g/t Jefo Protease (Jefo, Canada); Low-density diet with 3300 kcal ME/kg, 17.6% CP, and 0.83% SID Lys; and Low-density diet + 125 g/t Jefo Protease. Diets were corn, soybean meal-based with 12% rice bran and 8% wheat bran. Data were subjected to statistical analyses as a completely randomized design using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with pen as the experimental unit. Differences among treatment means were determined using Duncan’s multiple range test with level of significance at P ≤ 0.05. High-density diets (P = 0.01) and protease supplementation (P = 0.05) significantly improved G:F in pigs (Table 1) compared to low-density diets and no protease supplementation. NH3 and H2S gas emission tended to be lower (P ≤ 0.10) in diets supplemented with protease. There were no statistical differences (P > 0.10) in initial weight, final weight, ADG, and ADFI. In conclusion, protease supplementation and high density diets improved G:F in 25- to 55-kg pigs.

scholarly journals Sprouting of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings and micrometeorological variables under photo-selective nets

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-629
Author(s):  
José J. F. Cordeiro Júnior ◽  
Cristiane Guiselini ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
Alex S. Moraes ◽  
Dimas Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Sugarcane is a grass species that stands out worldwide in the production of ethanol. Brazil is the world’s largest producer and leader in exports, responsible for more than 50% of the products that are marketed worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of photo-selective nets on micrometeorological variables and on sprouting of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment at Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, in a completely randomized design. Seedlings of cultivar RB92579 were obtained by the technique of production of pre-sprouted seedlings. The protected environment was divided into four modules corresponding to the treatments: covered with anti-UV low-density polyethylene plastic: + Solpack® red ultranet net, + Solpack® white net, + Solpack® freshnet net and without shade net. Micrometeorological data of air temperature and substrate temperature were recorded in each module. The first count of emergence, sprouting speed index and sprouting percentage were calculated. Principal component analysis was used to verify the association between the cultivation modules and the micrometeorological and sprouting variables of the seedlings. Air temperature in the protected environment was 8.7% higher than that in the external environment. The white net led to sprouting of 78.93%. The substrate temperature above 30.4 °C favored seedling sprouting. The modules with white net and red ultranet net favored seedling sprouting.

Spatial analysis of the factors influencing housing quality for renters in a traditional Nigerian city

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-209
Author(s):  
Falilat Yetunde Olowu ◽  
Emmanuel Babatunde Jaiyeoba ◽  
Hafeez Idowu Agbabiaka ◽  
Olawunmi Johnson Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Rental Housing ◽  
High Density ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Housing Characteristics

Purpose Rental housing is an important form of accommodation; evaluating its quality will improve the quality of designs, standard living of renters, new dimension to policy guiding rental housing and enhance the values of rental houses. This study aims to examine the factors influencing rental housing quality in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select tenants for the study. Residential areas were stratified into three densities: high, medium and low. Out of the 18 residential areas identified, six, eight and four were in the high, medium and low densities, respectively. Five residential areas were selected based on high concentrations of rental housing. The selected areas are Mokuro and Iloro (high density), Ife City and Eleyele (medium density) and Aladanla (low density). Systematic sampling technique was used to select 550 buildings where an adult tenant was selected per building for questionnaire administration. Findings The results of the principal component analysis established that four factors were generated for the high-density, nine factors for the medium-density and five factors for low-density areas as the major factors influencing rental housing quality. The variation in the number of factors generated and the percentage variance explained by the factors could be associated to the peculiarities across the densities in terms of the socioeconomic characteristics and housing characteristics of the renters. Originality/value This study examined the factors influencing housing quality for renters in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It provides information on the three residential densities in terms of the variation in their housing morphology. The study went further to establish the relationship among the three musketeers such as socioeconomic characteristic of renters, housing characteristics and housing quality, under three dimensions environmental, internal building and external Building. Therefore, the contribution of this study strengthens the position that a minimum standard and schedule of upgrade and maintenance should be meted out for landlords to carry out repairs at interval, so as to make the housing unit and environment habitable for tenants.

scholarly journals Effect of Diet Containing Gracilaria Sp. Waste and Multi-Enzyme Additives on Blood Lipid Profile of Local Duck

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Frasiska ◽  
Edjeng Suprijatna ◽  
Siti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of diet containing waste of seaweed Gracilaria sp. on local duck blood lipid profiles including cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). The material in this study were  72 female Tegal ducks aged 22 weeks with 1,318 ± 121 gaverage body weight, diets containing Gracilaria sp. waste (GW) with 18% protein and 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy and 150 g/ton feed commercial multi-enzyme (ME).  Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments, (T0) Basal Diets, (T0+) Basal Diets with ME, (T1) Diets with 10% GW, (T1+) Diets with 10% GW + ME, (T2+) Diets with 12.5 % GW + ME, and (T3+) Diets with 15% GW + ME. The treatment was givenfor 12 weeks and blood sample was taken onthe last week. The serum was separated and analyzed for blood lipid profiles using CHOD-PAP. Results showed that diet with 12.5%GW  plus multi-enzyme additives significantly (P<0.05) affected blood lipid profiles of local duck, tended to lower triglycerides and LDL Cholesterol, but increase blood HDL levels.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi Betain terhadap Beberapa Parameter Lipida dan Protein Darah pada Puyuh

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Aditya D Shenatmoko ◽  
Aris Kurniawan ◽  
C V Gebby ◽  
Adi Ratriyanto ◽  
Rysca Indreswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

<p>The objective of this research was to see the influence of betaine supplementation on some of blood lipid and protein parameters in laying quails. The research used four treatments based on completely randomized design. Each treatment was replicated five times with seventeen quails each.<br />The treatments used 340 quails aged 4 weeks with average weigh 98.31±8.67 grams. The supplementation levels of betaine were 0 (control); 0.07; 0.14 and 0.21%. Twenty quails aged 14 weeks were taken from each replicate to determine blood lipid and protein. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there was an effect of treatment, then it was analyzed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that betaine supplementation at level 0.14% resulted higher level of low density lipoprotein compared with the other treatments. It could be concluded that betaine supplementation at 0.14% resulted higher concentration of low density lipoprotein than control.<br />Key words: quail, betaine, blood lipid, blood protein</p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ketebalan Plastik Polietilen Densitas Rendah Sebagai Bahan Pengemas terhadap Mutu Daun Seledri (Apium gravelens L.) Selama Penyimpanan Dingin

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
I Kadek Puja Harta Hadi ◽  
Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja ◽  
Gede Arda
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Storage

Salah satu cara yang dilakukan untuk mempertahankan kualitas daun seledri dan memperpanjang umur simpan adalah menggunakan pengemasan dengan ukuran ketebalan plastik polietilen densitas rendah (LDPE) yang tepat dan penyimpanan pada suhu rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketebalan plastik polietilen densitas rendah sebagai bahan pengemas terhadap mutu daun seledri selama penyimpanan dingin dan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketebalan plastik polietilen densitas rendah berapakah yang dapat mempertahankan mutu daun seledri yang terbaik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian eksperimental. Rancangan  percobaan  yang  digunakan  adalah  Rancangan  Acak  Lengkap  (RAL) dengan perlakuan ketebalan plastik polietilen densitas rendah dengan ukuran ketebalan 0,02 mm; 0,03 mm; 0,04 mm; 0,05 mm, 0,06 mm. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap 3 hari sekali dan setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali pada suhu penyimpanan 100 ± 20C selama 18 hari penelitian. Parameter dalam penelitian ini adalah susut bobot, kadar air, warna, tekstur, tingkat kesegaran, dan aroma. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ketebalan plastik LDPE sebagai bahan pengemas daun seledri berpengaruh sangat nyata (P?0,01) terhadap parameter penelitian. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh dari ketebalan plastik polietilen densitas rendah ukuran 0,04 mm dengan susut bobot 4,64 %, warna 18,97, tekstur 0,0455 N, kadar air 90,22 %, tingkat kesegaran 4,87 dan aroma 5,00. Kesimpulan bahwa tingkat ketebalan plastik LDPE 0,04 dapat mempertahankan mutu daun seledri paling lama diantara ukuran ketebalan yang lainnya yaitu selama 18 hari.     One way to maintain the quality of celery and extend shelf life is to use packaging with the right size level of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and storage at low temperatures. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low density polyethylene plastic as a packaging material on the quality of celery during cold storage and to determine what size level of low density polyethylene plastic can maintain the best quality celery. This research method uses experimental research. The study applied a completely Randomized Design (RAL) with one treatment factor: size level of LDPE plastic (0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm). Observations were carried out once every 3 days and each treatment was repeated 3 times at a storage temperature of 100 ± 20C for 18 days of the study. The parameters in this study are weight loss, water content, color, texture, level of freshness, and aroma. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the treatment of size level of LDPE plastic as a celery packaging material had a very significant effect (P?0.01) on the research parameters. The best treatment was obtained from the size level of a low density polyethylene plastic size of 0.04 mm with a weight loss is 4.64%, a color is 18.97, a texture is 0.0455 N, a moisture content is 90.22%, a level of freshness is 4.87 and a scent is 5.00. The conclusion that size level of LDPE plastic is 0.04 mm can maintain the longest quality of celery among other size level for 18 days.

NUTRIENT PRESERVATION AND ACCEPTABILITY OF FORAGES ENSILED WITH SODIUM METABISULPHITE AT VARYING LEVELS OF COMPACTION AND DRY MATTER

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Cordukes ◽  
D. A. Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Sodium Metabisulphite

Sodium metabisulphite treatments did not reduce ensiling losses in mixed forages of various dry matter percentages at different densities.The quality and odour of low-density, low-dry matter silages were improved, but those of high-density silages were unaffected.Bisulphite increased the acceptability to heifers of forages of low to medium dry matter ensiled at medium density. Bisulphite did not increase the acceptability of low-dry matter forages ensiled at low density.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI DAN LAJU DEKOMPOSISI SERASAH MANGROVE BERDASARKAN TINGKAT KERAPATANNYA DI DELTA SUNGAI WULAN, DEMAK, JAWA TENGAH

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-319
Author(s):  
Sena Widhitama ◽  
Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo ◽  
Agung Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Food Chain ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
High Density ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Point Sampling ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata

ABSTRAK Salah satu proses pada ekosistem mangrove yang memberikan kontribusi  besar terhadap kesuburan perairan adalah proses dekomposisi atau penghancuran serasah mangrove. Penghancuran serasah merupakan bagian dari tahap proses dekomposisi, yang dapat menghasilkan nutrient  penting dalam rantai makanan, melalui produktivitas perairan disekitarnya, sebagaimana yang terjadi di Delta Sungai Wulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui produksi serasah mangrove dan laju dekomposisinya berdasarkan tingkat kerapatan mangrove.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survai hal ini dilakukan dalam tiga titik sampling, yang dikelompokkan pada tiga kategori kerapatan mangrove yaitu rendah, sedang dan tinggi.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan januari sampai maret 2016. Hasil penelitian  menemukan  tiga spesies mangrove yaitu Rhizopora mocrunata, Rhizopora apiculata, dan Avicennia marina. Jumlah serasah yang diperoleh pada kerapatan mangrove rendah adalah 701.51 gram, mangrove kerapatan sedang berjumlah 837.94 gram dan mangrove kerapatan tinggi berjumlah 1276.85 gram. Laju dekomposisi dalam 30 hari pengamatan dengan laju tertinggi berada pada mangrove kerapatan tinggi dengan persentase 29 – 30 %, sedangkan kerapatan mangrove rendah dan kerapatan mangrove sedang dengan persentase 28%. Kata kunci : Delta Sungai Wulan;Produksi Serasah;Laju Dekomposisi ABSTRACTOne of the processes at mangrove ecosystem which contributes greatly to the fertility waters is the process of decomposition or destruction of mangrove manure. Destruction of Manure is a part of the decomposition process, can produce an important nutrient in the food chain, by means of  productivity of the surroundings waters, as happened in Delta Wulan. The purpose of this study was to find out the mangrove manure production and the rate of decomposition is based on the density of mangrove. The method used is a survey method  to divide the three point sampling, which grouped in three categories mangrove density, low, medium and high. This research was conducted in January to March 2016. The result of research to found  three species of mangrove that Rhizopora mocrunata, Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia marina. The amount of manure that is obtained at a low density is 701.51 grams, medium density amounted to 837.94 grams and high density mangrove amounted to 1276.85 grams. The rate of decomposition in the 30 days of observation by the highest rates are in the high density mangrove with a percentage of 29% - 30%, meanwhile low density mangrove and mangrove medium density with a percentage of 28%. Keywords : Delta Wulan River;Manure production;Decomposition rate

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