Comparison of ameliorative effects of Taraxacum syriacum and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney

Abstract Taraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.

Download Full-text

Protective Effect of Melatonin Against Radiotherapy-Induced Small Intestinal Oxidative Stress: Biochemical Evaluation

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55060308 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

pp. 308 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽

Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽

Haider Saadoon Qasim Alhilfi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Common Side Effect ◽

Control Group ◽

Intestinal Damage ◽

Pelvic Malignancies ◽

Group I ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Small Intestinal

Background and Objectives: Radiation enteritis is a common side effect after radiotherapy for abdominal and pelvic malignancies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of melatonin, known for its free radical scavenging ability, against radiotherapy-induced small intestinal oxidative damage. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups (5 rats in each) as follows: Group I (control group) rats received neither radiation nor melatonin; group II rats received only 8 Gy single dose of gamma radiation to their abdomen and pelvis regions; group III (administered with only 50 mg/kg melatonin); group IV (administered with only 100 mg/kg melatonin); group V (50 mg/kg melatonin + 8 Gy radiation), group VI (100 mg/kg melatonin + 8 Gy radiation). All rats were sacrificed after 5 days for biochemical assessments of their intestinal tissues. Results: Treatment with melatonin post irradiation significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as increased both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of the irradiated intestinal tissues. In addition, melatonin administration with different doses pre irradiation led to protection of the tissues. Moreover, the 100 mg/kg dose was more effective compared to 50 mg/kg. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that melatonin has a potent protective effect against radiotherapy-induced intestinal damage, by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant enzymes. We recommend future clinical trials for more insights.

Download Full-text

Comparisons of Curative Effects of Chlorophyll fromSauropus androgynus(L) Merr Leaf Extract and Cu-Chlorophyllin on Sodium Nitrate-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2016/8515089 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Suparmi Suparmi ◽

Minidian Fasitasari ◽

Martanto Martosupono ◽

Jubhar Christian Mangimbulude

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Sodium Nitrate ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

Hb Concentration ◽

Rbc Count

Sodium nitrate (NaNO2) widely used as food additive for coloring and preserving meat has been reported to induce oxidative stress and cause histopathologic changes, nitrosative tissue damage, and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney. Therefore, the present study compared the curative effect of chlorophyll fromSauropus androgynus(L) Merr and Cu-chlorophyllin as antioxidant in NaNO2-induced female Wistar rats based on haematological, serum biochemical, and histological evaluation. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups of five rats each. NaNO2were given at a subacute dose of 50 mg/kg bw intraperitoneally for 10 days. Chlorophyll fromS. androgynusand Cu-chlorophyllin from K-Liquid™ were given in the following 14 days at the two doses: 0,016 mg/mL and 0.008 mg/mL. NaNO2exposure resulted in significant reductions (p<0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and red blood cell (RBC) count, transferrin, and ferritin and elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and schistocytes percentage with insignificant reductions in serum albumin and transferrin levels. Histology of kidney and liver were changed insignificantly (p>0.05) to normal values. Chlorophyll fromS. androgynusand Cu-chlorophyllin possess antioxidant potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium nitrate.

Download Full-text

Crocin (active constituent of saffron) improves CCl4-induced liver damage by modulating oxidative stress in rats

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2017-0173 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 370-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Binnaz Elif Cosgun ◽

Mehmet Erman Erdemli ◽

Mehmet Gul ◽

Semir Gul ◽

Harika Gozukara Bag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Liver Tissue ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Control Group ◽

Active Constituent ◽

Tissue Samples

Abstract Background CCl4 is a widely used xenobiotic for the purpose of causing liver damage in experimental studies. In this study, we aimed to reveal the effects of crocin on liver injury caused by CCl4 via free radical scavenging properties. Materials and methods Animals were divided into five groups of 10: control; corn oil; crocin; CCl4; CCl4 + crocin. Tissue samples were carefully removed and separated for biochemical and histological investigations. Results CCl4 administration led to significant increases in MDA, SOD, CAT and TOS in liver tissue, and AST, ALT and ALP levels in plasma (p < 0.05). In addition, CCl4 caused significant decreases in GSH and TAS (p < 0.05). When animals were treated with crocin, high MDA, SOD, CAT, TOS levels, and AST and ALP activities decreased and GSH and TAS levels increased. Control group exhibited normal histological appearance; however extensive necrosis areas were detected in the CCl4 group. In the CCl4 + crocin group, pathological changes were markedly decreased and the appearance of liver tissue was almost similar to the control groups. Conclusion Our results showed that crocin suppresses oxidative stress with antioxidant properties and has a protective effect on tissue damage caused by CCl4.

Download Full-text

The Chemical Profile ofSenna velutinaLeaves and Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2016/8405957 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jaqueline Ferreira Campos ◽

David Tsuyoshi Hiramatsu de Castro ◽

Marcio José Damião ◽

Heron F. Vieira Torquato ◽

Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Leukemic Cell ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Leukemic Cells ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Leukemic Cell Lines

Natural products can be a source of biomolecules with antioxidant activity which are able to prevent oxidative stress-induced diseases and show antitumor activity, making them important sources of new anticancer drug prototypes. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of an ethanol extract ofSenna velutinaleaves and to assess its antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in leukemic cells. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using a DPPH free radical scavenging assay and by examining the extract’s inhibition of AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocytes. Its cytotoxicity and possible mechanisms of action were assessed in Jurkat and K562 leukemic cell lines. The ethanol extract contained flavonoids, such as epigallocatechin, epicatechin, kaempferol heteroside, rutin, and dimeric and trimeric proanthocyanidin derivatives. The extract exhibited antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and antihemolytic action, and it decreased malondialdehyde content in human erythrocytes. Furthermore, the extract also induced leukemic cell death by activating intracellular calcium and caspase-3, decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, and arresting the cell cycle in S and G2 phases. Hence,S. velutinaleaf extract contains antioxidant and antileukemic biomolecules with potential applications in diseases associated with oxidative stress and in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.

Download Full-text

Protective Effect of Dorema glabrum on Induced Oxidative Stress by Diazinon in Hippocampus of Rat

International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review ◽

10.9734/ijbcrr/2019/v25i330077 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mina Adampourezare ◽

Parisa Sistani ◽

Homeira Hatami Nemati

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Pre Treatment

Introduction: Diazinon (DZN) administration produces lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress in the brain. Some medicinal plants such as Dorema glabrum has antioxidant properties, so can be used as an antioxidant that may protect neurons from oxidative stress. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of D. glabrum against DZN-induced oxidative stress in hippocampus. Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats randomly were divided into four groups including a control group, and two groups received different doses of D. glabrum (40 and 80 mg/kg) as pre-treatment for 21 days with DZN (100 mg/Kg) that was injected intraperitoneally (ip) in last day of D. glabrum usage, and one group received only DZN. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), which are the indicators of lipid peroxidation, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) were determined in the ratsʼ hippocampus. Results: Administration of DZN significantly increased TBARS levels and superoxide dismutase activity and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity but there were no significant changes in catalase activity in the hippocampus. Combined D. glabrum and DZN treatment, caused a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase, a significant decrease of TBARS and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase and again no significant changes in catalase activity in the rats’ hippocampus when compared to the rats treated with DZN. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that D. glabrum had an amelioratory effect on oxidative stress induced by DZN.

Download Full-text

Bromuconazole caused genotoxicity, hepatic and renal failure via oxidative stress process in Wistar rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-420777/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karima RJIBA ◽

Hiba Hamdi ◽

Asma M’nassri ◽

Yosra Guedri ◽

Moncef Mokni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Protein Carbonyl ◽

Control Group ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Vegetables And Fruits

Abstract Bromuconazole is a triazole pesticide used to protect vegetables and fruits against diverse fungi pathologies. However, its utilization may be accompanied by diverse tissues injuries. For this, we tried to examine bromuconazole effects in liver and kidney tissues by the evaluation of biochemical and histopathological modifications also by genotoxic and oxidative stress analysis. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of 6 animals. The control group received daily a corn oil (vehicle) orally. Three oral Bromuconazole doses were tested (1, 5 and 10 % of LD50) daily for 28 days. Bromuconazole increased the plasma activities of transaminases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine and uric acid levels. histopathological check showed that Bromuconazole caused organs failure. This study make known that Bromuconazole caused conspicuous DNA damage either in hepatic and kidney tissues, with a significant increase in malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels followed by the increase in the enzymatic activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in a dose dependent manner. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (GPx) activities were also recorded. Our results highlight that bromuconazole exposure induced genotoxic damage and organs failure that may be caused by the disturbances of oxidative stress statue in liver and kidney tissues.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant Properties and Cardioprotective Mechanism of Malaysian Propolis in Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/5370545 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Romana Ahmed ◽

E. M. Tanvir ◽

Md. Sakib Hossen ◽

Rizwana Afroz ◽

Istiyak Ahmmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Troponin I ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Lipid Peroxides ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant

Propolis contains high concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, ascorbic acid, and reducing sugars and proteins. Malaysian Propolis (MP) has been reported to exhibit high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values. Herein, we report the antioxidant properties and cardioprotective properties of MP in isoproterenol- (ISO-) induced myocardial infarction in rats. Male Wistar rats (n=32) were pretreated orally with an ethanol extract of MP (100 mg/kg/day) for 30 consecutive days. Subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg in saline) for two consecutive days caused a significant increase in serum cardiac marker enzymes and cardiac troponin I levels and altered serum lipid profiles. In addition significantly increased lipid peroxides and decreased activities of cellular antioxidant defense enzymes were observed in the myocardium. However, pretreatment of ischemic rats with MP ameliorated the biochemical parameters, indicating the protective effect of MP against ISO-induced ischemia in rats. Histopathological findings obtained for the myocardium further confirmed the biochemical findings. It is concluded that MP exhibits cardioprotective activity against ISO-induced oxidative stress through its direct cytotoxic radical-scavenging activities. It is also plausible that MP contributed to endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity via inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

Download Full-text

The Analysis of Osteoblast Cell Number on Femur Fractures Provided Red Spinach Extract (Amaranthus tricolor L.)

Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences ◽

10.19184/ams.v5i1.7461 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Ferdian Nugroho ◽

Aris Prasetyo ◽

Muhammad Hasan

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Fracture Healing ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Healing Process ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Cell Number ◽

Control Group ◽

Osteoblast Cell ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Bone fracture is a musculoskeletal injury with a high incidence rate. The healing process of the fracture can be inhibited by oxidative stress, which occurs due to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that exceeds the antioxidant capacity in the body that neutralizes it. Antioxidants that have red spinach have the potential to suppress the level of oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the effect of red spinach ethanol extract on the healing process of fracture in male Wistar rats through osteoblast cell count. A sample of 30 male Wistar rats was divided into five groups; negative control group, positive control group, and three groups of red spinach ethanol treatment with doses of 35.4 mg / 150 g body weight (BW), 70.8 mg / 150 gBW, and 141.6 mg / 150gBW induced fracture, splinted, then treated for one week. One Way Anova test results showed a significance of 0.000 (p <0.05) in which there was a significant difference in the osteoblast level between the treatment group and the control group. The result of LSD test between P1 group and P3 group showed significantly different result where the increase of osteoblast cell number was in line with the increase of the dose of red spinach ethanol extract. The conclusion is that red spinach ethanol extract has a positive impact during the fracture healing process with osteoblast cell number parameters. Keywords: Red spinach ethanolic extract, fracture healing process, osteoblast, oxidative stress

Download Full-text

The beneficial effect of a phytonutrient-rich product against cadmium chloride-induced hepatorenal toxicity

Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis ◽

10.31450/ukrjnd.4(72).2021.04 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 26-35

Author(s):

Omotayo Babatunde Ilesanmi ◽

Ridwan Abiodun Lawal

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hepatic Injury ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Control Group ◽

Group I ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney

Abstract. This study was designed to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of trévo, on cadmium-induced renal and hepatic injury in male Wistar rats. Methods. Fifteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five rats per group. Group I (control); group II (35mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2); Group III (2 ml/kg trévo+ CdCl2. The rats were treated with trévo (2ml/kg orally) and administered CdCl2 3 hrs later. Twenty-four hours after the last administration rats were sacrificed and blood was collected via cardiac puncture and processed for hematological parameters and assessment of urea, creatinine (CREA), and uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin (ALB). The liver and kidney were excised and processed for markers of oxidative stress. Results intraperitoneal administration of 35 mg/kg of CdCl2 caused a significant increase in serum concentration of urea, CREA, UA, AST, ALT, while the concentration of ALB was significantly lower (P<0.0001). CdCl2 caused a significant reduction in packed cell volume, hemoglobin while the total white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were increased. Oxidative stress was significantly pronounced in the liver and kidney of rats exposed to CdCl2 as observed in the high concentration of malondialdehyde, decreased concentration of glutathione, the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase. Pretreatment with trévo was able to significantly prevent the anemic, oxidative damage, renal and hepatic injury initiated by CdCl2. Conclusions. The study reveals that trévo is effective in attenuating cadmium-induced hepatorenal toxicity in male Wistar rats.

Download Full-text

AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF VANILLIN AGAINST METRIBUZIN-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND TOXICITY IN RATS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i1.14258 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 56 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lilia Kadeche ◽

Ezzeddine Bourogaa ◽

Mongi Saoudi ◽

Amel Boumendjel ◽

Assia Djeffal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Phenolic Substance ◽

Ameliorative Effect ◽

Biochemical Evaluation ◽

Serum Biochemical ◽

Serum Biochemical Profile ◽

Lipids Profile

Objective: Vanillin (Va), a phenolic substance is a natural antioxidant with proven free radical scavenging activity and offers protection against oxidative damage. This study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of Va against metribuzin (Mtz) pesticide-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in rats.Methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups: control, vanillin (Va), metribuzin (Mtz) and metribuzin plus vanillin (Mtz+Va). Metribuzin (133.33 mg/kg, 1/20 LD50) was given to rats through their drinking water. Vanillin was supplemented (150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for three weeks. At the end of experiments, various haematological and biochemical parameters were estimated. Antioxidant defence systems as GPx enzyme activities, GSH and MDA contents were determined in tissues as the indicators of oxidative stress.Results: Compared with the control, a significant decrease in the levels of red blood cells (p≤0.05), haemoglobin (p≤0.003) and hematocrit (p≤0.02) were noticed in the metribuzin-exposed group. The biochemical evaluation showed significantly higher values (p≤0.0001) for glucose, urea, creatinine and bilirubin. Also, Mtz treatment caused significant perturbations in lipids profile as plasma levels of total cholesterol (p≤0.0001) and triglycerides (p≤0.004). MDA levels increased in all the tissues of rats exposed to Mtz whereas the fluctuation in GPX enzyme activities and GSH levels were observed compared with controls. However, treatment with vanillin significantly normalised haematological profiles, serum biochemical profile and modulated all the oxidative stress parameters.Conclusion: The use of vanillin appeared to be beneficial to rats, to a great extent in attenuating and restoring the damage sustained by metribuzin exposure.

Download Full-text