3 Development of School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE 5–12) Profile: Item Pool

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S7-S8
Author(s):  
Silvanys L Rodríguez-Mercedes ◽  
Camerin A Rencken ◽  
Khushbu F Patel ◽  
Gabrielle G Grant ◽  
Erin M Kinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Expert Consensus ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Life Impact

Abstract Introduction The transition from early childhood to teen years (5–12) is a critical time of development, which can be made particularly challenging by a burn injury. Currently, few validated standardized measures exist for this age group. This study aimed to generate item pools to create a computer adaptive test (CAT) assessing post-burn recovery in school-aged children. Methods Item pool development was based on the School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE5-12) Conceptual Model and the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth. Additional elements included a literature review, expert consensus meetings, and parent cognitive interviews. Candidate items assessing health outcomes were extracted from existing legacy measures during the literature review. Details of expert consensus meetings and parent cognitive interviews are in Table 1. Results Items assessing health outcomes (n=3,732) were extracted during the literature review. Experts binned items across three domains: 1) Physical Functioning (55 items), 2) Psychological Functioning (80 items), and 3) Family and Social Functioning (57 items). Six cognitive interviews were conducted. Qualitative data resulted in further review of 86 items. The results of the cognitive interviews indicated that item stems and response choices were interpretable by respondents. Conclusions This study developed an item pool (n=192) to assess post-burn recovery of school-aged children. The next step in the SA-LIBRE5-12 CAT Profile development will be field-testing for the calibration and item response theory-based validation of the assessment.

Item Pool Development for the School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA- LIBRE5-12) Profile Computerized Adaptive Test (CAT): An Observer-Reported Outcome Assessment Measuring the Impact of Burn Injuries in School-Aged Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvanys L Rodríguez-Mercedes ◽  
Khushbu F Patel ◽  
Camerin A Rencken ◽  
Gabrielle G Grant ◽  
Kate Surette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Test ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Adaptive Test ◽  
Life Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Item Pools

Abstract Introduction The transition from early childhood to teen years (5-12) is a critical time of development, which can be made particularly challenging by a burn injury. Assessing post-burn recovery during these years is important for improving pediatric survivors’ development and health outcomes. Few validated burn-specific measures exist for this age group. The purpose of this study was to generate item pools that will be used to create a future computerized adaptive test (CAT) assessing post-burn recovery in school-aged children. Methods Item pool development was guided by the previously developed School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE5-12) Conceptual Framework. The item pool development process involved a systematic literature review, extraction of candidate items from existing legacy measures, iterative item review during expert consensus meetings, and parent cognitive interviews. Results The iterative item review with experts consisted of six rounds. A total of 10 parent cognitive interviews were conducted. The three broad themes of concern were items that needed 1) clarification, needed context or were vague, 2) age dependence and relevance, and 3) word choice. The cognitive interviews indicated that survey instructions, recall period, item stem, and response choices were interpretable by respondents. Final item pool based on parental feedback consist of 57, 81, and 60 items in Physical, Psychological, and Family and Social Functioning respectively. Conclusion Developed item pools (n=198) in three domains are consistent with the existing conceptual framework. The next step involves field-testing the item pool and calibration using item response theory to develop and validate the SA-LIBRE5-12 CAT Profile.

Measuring the Impact of Burn Injury on the Parent-Reported Health Outcomes of Children 1 to 5 Years: A Conceptual Framework for Development of the Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Profile CAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Keri J S Brady ◽  
Gabrielle G Grant ◽  
Frederick J Stoddard ◽  
Walter J Meyer ◽  
Kathleen S Romanowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

AbstractDue to the rapid developmental growth in preschool-aged children, more precise measurement of the effects of burns on child health outcomes is needed. Expanding upon the Shriners Hospitals for Children/American Burn Association Burn Outcome Questionnaire 0 to 5 (BOQ0–5), we developed a conceptual framework describing domains important in assessing recovery from burn injury among preschool-aged children (1–5 years). We developed a working conceptual framework based on the BOQ0–5, the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine’s Model of Child Health, and the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth. We iteratively refined our framework based on a literature review, focus groups, interviews, and expert consensus meetings. Data were qualitatively analyzed using methods informed by grounded theory. We reviewed 95 pediatric assessments, conducted two clinician focus groups and six parent interviews, and consulted with 23 clinician experts. Three child health outcome domains emerged from our analysis: symptoms, functioning, and family. The symptoms domain describes parents’ perceptions of their child’s pain, skin-related discomfort, and fatigue. The functioning domain describes children’s physical functioning (gross and fine motor function), psychological functioning (internalizing, externalizing, and dysregulation behavior; trauma; toileting; resilience), communication and language development (receiving and producing meaning), and social functioning (connecting with family/peers, friendships, and play). The family domain describes family psychological and routine functioning outcomes.

scholarly journals Cognitive testing of a survey instrument to assess sexual practices, behaviours, and health outcomes: a multi-country study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianne Gonsalves ◽  
Erin C. Hunter ◽  
Vanessa Brizuela ◽  
Joseph D. Tucker ◽  
Megan L. Srinivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Population level data on sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes can ensure that responsive, relevant health services are available for all people of all ages. However, while billions of dollars have been invested in attempting to improve sexual and reproductive health (including HIV) outcomes, far less is understood about associated sexual practices and behaviours. Therefore, the World Health Organization embarked on a global consultative process to develop a short survey instrument to assess sexual health practices, behaviours and health outcomes. In order for the resulting draft survey instrument to be published as a ‘global’ standard instrument, it is important to first determine that the proposed measures are globally comprehensible and applicable. This paper describes a multi-country study protocol to assess the interpretability and comparability of the survey instrument in a number of diverse countries. Methods This study will use cognitive interviewing, a qualitative data collection method that uses semi-structured interviews to explore how participants process and respond to survey instruments. We aim to include study sites in up to 20 countries. The study procedures consist of: (1) localizing the instrument using forward and back-translation; (2) using a series of cognitive interviews to understand how participants engage with each survey question; (3) revising the core instrument based on interview findings; and (4) conducting an optional second round of cognitive interviews. Data generated from interviews will be summarised into a predeveloped analysis matrix. The entire process (a ‘wave’ of data collection) will be completed simultaneously by 5+ countries, with a total of three waves. This stepwise approach facilitates iterative improvements and sharing across countries. Discussion An important output from this research will be a revised survey instrument, which when subsequently published, can contribute to improving the comparability across contexts of measures of sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes. Site-specific results of the feasibility of conducting this research may help shift perceptions of who and what can be included in sexual health-related research.

scholarly journals Cognitive Testing of a Survey Instrument to Assess Sexual Practices, Behaviours, and Health Outcomes: a Multi-country Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianne Gonsalves ◽  
Erin C Hunter ◽  
Joseph D Tucker ◽  
Megan L Srini ◽  
Evelyn Gitau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background: Population level data on sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes can ensure that responsive, relevant health services are available for all people of all ages. However, while billions of dollars have been invested in attempting to improve sexual and reproductive health (including HIV) outcomes, far less is understood about associated sexual practices and behaviours. Therefore, the World Health Organization embarked on a global consultative process to develop a short survey instrument to assess sexual health practices, behaviours and health outcomes. In order for the resulting draft survey instrument to be published as a ‘global’ standard instrument, it is important to first determine that the proposed measures are globally comprehensible and applicable. This paper describes a multi-country study protocol to assess the validity and comparability of the survey instrument in a number of diverse countries.Methods:This study will use cognitive interviewing, a qualitative data collection method that uses semi-structured interviews to explore how participants process and respond to survey instruments. We aim to include study sites in up to 20 countries. The study procedures consist of: 1) localizing the instrument using forward and back-translation; 2) using a series of cognitive interviews to understand how participants engage with each survey question; 3) revising the core instrument based on interview findings; and 4) conducting an optional second round of cognitive interviews. Data generated from interviews will be summarised into a predeveloped analysis matrix. The entire process (a ‘wave’ of data collection) will be completed simultaneously by 6-7 countries. This stepwise approach facilitates iterative improvements and sharing across countries. Discussion:An important output from this research will be a revised survey instrument, which when subsequently published, can contribute to improving the comparability across contexts of measures of sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes. Site-specific results of the feasibility of conducting this research may help shift perceptions of who and what can be included in sexual health-related research.

1 Development of the School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE: 5–12) Profile: A Conceptual Model Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S6-S7
Author(s):  
Camerin A Rencken ◽  
Silvanys L Rodríguez-Mercedes ◽  
Khushbu F Patel ◽  
Gabrielle G Grant ◽  
Erin M Kinney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Expert Consensus ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Individual Interviews

Abstract Introduction Pediatric burn injuries can alter the trajectory of the survivor’s entire life. Patient-centered outcome measures are helpful to capture and assess their unique physical and psychosocial needs and long-term recovery. This study aimed to develop a conceptual model framework to measure outcomes most important to pediatric burn survivors aged 5 to 12 years as a part of the SA-LIBRE5-12 Computer Adaptive Test (CAT) development. Methods This study used a systematic literature review guided by the WHO International Classification of Functioning – Child and Youth. Previously established domains in the American Burn Association/Shriners Hospitals for Children Burn Outcomes Questionnaire5-18 further guided framework development. Individual interviews with parents and clinicians were conducted to obtain perspectives on domains most important to assess following a burn injury in children aged 5 to 12 years. One clinician focus group was completed to identify gaps in the preliminary framework, and semi-weekly expert consensus meetings were conducted to solidify the framework. Qualitative data were analyzed by grounded theory methodology in NVivo 12 software. Results The literature review identified 82 articles. Eight parents and seven clinicians participated in individual interviews, four clinicians participated in one focus group, and three consultants were included in the expert consensus meetings. The consultants included a burn surgeon, psychiatrist, and health services researcher. Three major domains emerged from the grounded theory approach, including: 1) Physical Functioning: fine motor and upper extremity, gross motor and lower extremity, pain, skin sensitivity, sleep and fatigue, and physical resilience; 2) Psychological Functioning: cognitive, behavioral, emotional, resilience, and body image; and 3) Family and Social Functioning: school, peer relations, community participation, family relationships, and parental satisfaction. Conclusions The comprehensive literature review, clinician and parent individual interviews, clinician focus group, and expert consensus meetings resulted in a conceptual model framework for parent-reported health outcomes after a burn injury in school-aged children aged 5 to 12 years. The framework will be used to develop item banks for a CAT-based assessment of school-aged children’s health and developmental outcomes.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality Exercise as a Coping Strategy for Health and Wellness Promotion in Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Gao ◽  
Jung Eun Lee ◽  
Daniel J. McDonough ◽  
Callie Albers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Wellness Promotion

The December 2019 COVID-19 outbreak in China has led to worldwide quarantine, as recommended by local governments and the World Health Organization. Particularly affected are older adults (i.e., those aged ≥ 65 years) who are at elevated risk for various adverse health outcomes, including declines in motor ability and physical activity (PA) participation, increased obesity, impaired cognition, and various psychological disorders. Thus, given the secular increases in the older adult population, novel and effective intervention strategies are necessary to improve physical activity behaviors and health in this population. Virtual reality (VR)-integrated exercise is a promising intervention strategy, which has been utilized in healthcare fields like stroke rehabilitation and psychotherapy. Therefore, the purpose of this editorial is to synthesize recent research examining the efficacy and effectiveness of VR exercise in the promotion of favorable health outcomes among the older adults. Results indicate the application of VR exercise to facilitate improved physical outcomes (e.g., enhanced motor ability, reduced obesity), cognition and psychological outcomes. VR exercise has also been observed to be an effective intervention strategy for fall prevention in this population. Future research should employ more rigorous research designs to allow for a more robust quantitative synthesis of the effect of VR exercise on the preceding outcomes to elucidate which type(s) of VR-based PA interventions are most effective in promoting improved health outcomes among older adults. Findings from this study will better inform the development of technology-savvy PA programs for wellness promotion in older adults who practice social distancing and exercise from home under the unprecedented global health crisis.

scholarly journals Next Generation Sequencing for the Prediction of the Antibiotic Resistance in Helicobacter pylori: A Literature Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Ilaria Maria Saracino ◽  
Matteo Pavoni ◽  
Angelo Zullo ◽  
Giulia Fiorini ◽  
Tiziana Lazzarotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Background and aims: Only a few antimicrobials are effective against H. pylori, and antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem for eradication therapies. In 2017, the World Health Organization categorized clarithromycin resistant H. pylori as a “high-priority” bacterium. Standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing can be used to prescribe appropriate therapies but is currently recommended only after the second therapeutic failure. H. pylori is, in fact, a “fastidious” microorganism; culture methods are time-consuming and technically challenging. The advent of molecular biology techniques has enabled the identification of molecular mechanisms underlying the observed phenotypic resistance to antibiotics in H. pylori. The aim of this literature review is to summarize the results of original articles published in the last ten years, regarding the use of Next Generation Sequencing, in particular of the whole genome, to predict the antibiotic resistance in H. pylori.Methods: a literature research was made on PubMed. The research was focused on II and III generation sequencing of the whole H. pylori genome. Results: Next Generation Sequencing enabled the detection of novel, rare and complex resistance mechanisms. The prediction of resistance to clarithromycin, levofloxacin and amoxicillin is accurate; for other antimicrobials, such as metronidazole, rifabutin and tetracycline, potential genetic determinants of the resistant status need further investigation.

scholarly journals The Clinical Spectrum of Primary Cutaneous CD4+ Small/Medium-Sized Pleomorphic T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder: An Updated Systematic Literature Review and Case Series

Dermatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 237 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-628
Author(s):  
Philip Surmanowicz ◽  
Sean Doherty ◽  
Arunima Sivanand ◽  
Nikoo Parvinnejad ◽  
Jean Deschenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphoma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Systemic Treatments

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium pleomorphic T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (SMPLPD) is a provisional entity within the 2016 World Health Organization classification of primary cutaneous lymphomas. The condition is currently classified as a lymphoproliferative disorder to emphasize its benign course and discourage aggressive, systemic treatment modalities. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To provide a relevant synthesis for the dermatological practitioner on the prevalence, presentation, and treatment of SMPLPD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted an updated systematic literature review and a retrospective chart review of diagnosed cases of SMPLPD from 2 Canadian academic cutaneous lymphoma centers. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 23 studies with 136 cases were extracted from the systematic review and 24 patients from our retrospective chart review. SMPLPD proved relatively common accounting for 12.5% of all cutaneous T-cell lymphomas encountered in our cutaneous lymphoma clinics, second in frequency only to mycosis fungoides. The typical clinical presentation was that of an older individual (median age 59 years) with an asymptomatic solitary lesion on their upper extremity. The most common clinical differentials were cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia, basal cell carcinoma, and lymphoma unspecified. T follicular helper markers were reliably detected. The main treatment modalities were surgical excision, local radiation therapy, and topical or intralesional steroids. Cure was achieved in the vast majority of cases. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> SMPLPD is an underdiagnosed T-cell lymphoma with an overtly benign clinical course. The condition has an excellent prognosis and responds well to skin-directed therapies. Practitioners should be aware of this condition to avoid aggressive systemic treatments.

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