scholarly journals A35 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION, COLONIC DYSMOTILITY AND ABSENT DEFECATION REFLEXES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC REFRACTORY CONSTIPATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 276-278
Author(s):  
L Liu ◽  
N Milkova ◽  
M Ali ◽  
K Sharma ◽  
J D Huizinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Sympathetic Tone ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Autonomic Reactivity ◽  
Autonomic Tone ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Colonic Manometry

Abstract Background A defecation reflex involves sensory information from the colon sent to the central nervous system which results in propulsive motor patterns in the colon through programmed neural activity from the autonomic nervous system. Neurological causes of constipation are recognized but specific neurological pathways that contribute to pathophysiology of the disease is underexplored. Diagnosis and treatment usually do not involve the autonomic nervous system. Aims Our objective was to assess autonomic dysfunction and abnormal defecation reflexes as a possible cause of chronic constipation. Methods Defecation reflexes were assessed by high-resolution colonic manometry through balloon distention, meal intake, and rectal bisacodyl. Specific heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were used to assess general orthostatic autonomic reactivity, and autonomic functioning during high resolution colonic manometry, in 14 patients with chronic refractory constipation considered for surgery. Results All patients had a unique combination of motility, reflex ability and HRV profiles. Patients overall did not generate HAPWs or had lower HAPW amplitude and lower propulsive activity compared to healthy individuals. Half of the 14 patients were tested to have high sympathetic tone based on Baevsky’s stress index prior to HRCM, and 11 of the patients had sympathetic hyper-reactivity and/or low parasympathetic reactivity to at least one type of colonic stimulation during HRCM. Abnormal autonomic tone or autonomic reactivity to colonic stimulation was present in all four patients with absence of the vagosacral defecation reflex. Five of the seven patients with absence of the sacral defecation reflex showed high sympathetic tone or high sympathetic reactivity to stimulation. Only two patients had abnormality in coloanal coordination and this was associated with low parasympathetic reactivity to stimulation in both patients. Conclusions The assumption that colonic resection was needed to remove an inert colon was wrong in most patients, but most patients had some form of reflex abnormality. Sympathetic dominance far outweighed parasympathetic dysfunction. Incorporation of assessments of defecation reflexes and autonomic nervous system activity into diagnosis of chronic refractory constipation provides a comprehensive pathophysiological understanding of specific defective neurological pathways contributing to dysmotility. This forms the basis for our individualized treatment efforts through sacral neuromodulation. Funding Agencies CIHR

scholarly journals The nature of the course of the retention period in adolescents after orthodontic treatment depending on the state of the autonomic nervous system

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-653
Author(s):  
D R Singatullina ◽  
N Kh Khamitova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
The State ◽  
Autonomic Reactivity ◽  
Autonomic Tone ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Complete Adaptation

Aim. To study the condition of the autonomic nervous system in groups of adolescents in the period of retention after active orthodontic treatment with non-removable equipment. Methods. Examined were 100 adolescents aged 13-17 years in the period of retention after active orthodontic treatment. The baseline autonomic tone was assessed according to the combined table of sympathetic and parasympathetic reactions (Wayne A., 1981) in the modification of N.A. Belokon’ et al. (1986) for children and adolescents, taken into account were the heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In order to evaluate the adaptation of the organism used was a mathematical analysis of the heart rhythm (cardiointervalography), determined was the mode (Mo), the amplitude of the mode (AMo), and the variational span (ΔX). Results. Revealed were two groups of patients with different variants of the course of retention: favorable course without recurrence (53%) and unfavorable course with recurrences (47%). In the group of patients with recurrences cardiointervalography most frequently showed a asympaticotonic (41.7%) or hypersympaticotonic (58.3%) type of autonomic reactivity. In all patients of the group with recurrences noted was a disturbance of the adaptation processes. The state of adaptation is regarded as unsatisfactory in 72.6% of cases, as the complete adaptation failure - in 27.4%. Conclusion. A recurrence during the period of retention after active orthodontic treatment occurs significantly more frequently in the group of patients with high constraint and overload of the autonomic reactivity, with a mismatch of cardiac rhythm management processes, with a reduction of the adaptive capacity of the organism to the level of complete failure of adaptation; patients who have expressed sympathicotonia, are at risk for destructive periodontal disease and require special attention during the retention period.

scholarly journals Autonomic nervous system evaluation in Type 2 diabetic patients and effect of its duration

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
DB Karki ◽  
S Acharya ◽  
P Shrestha ◽  
S Pant ◽  
A Pokhrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system is common in diabetic patients. Presence of autonomic dysfunction should alert the physicians of its serious consequences that require timely preventive measures. Objectives: This study was done to fi nd out the autonomic nervous system involvement in Type 2 diabetic patients and to see its relation with the duration of diabetes. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study. All consecutive diabetic patients of both genders attending Kathmandu Medical College and a private clinic, Temple of Healing were included. A battery of six well validated and accepted autonomic nervous system evaluation tests were done to evaluate the autonomic function in 245 Type 2 diabetic patients. Results: Prevalence of autonomic dysfunction was found to be 71.02% with 58.78% patients having mild autonomic dysfunction and 12.24% having moderate dysfunction. Severe autonomic dysfunction was detected in none of the patients. Parasympathetic dysfunction was much more common than sympathetic dysfunction (68.16% vs. 17.96%). No association was found between autonomic dysfunction and duration of diabetes. Conclusions: Autonomic dysfunction is very common in diabetics and can be detected by simple tests. Timely detection of autonomic dysfunction in diabetic patients is advised so that its preventive measures can be effective. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkmc.v1i2.8142 Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 1, No. 2, Oct.-Dec., 2012: 77-83

scholarly journals DYSFUNCTION OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN EPILEPSY

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
Beata Łabuz-Roszak ◽  
Iwona Mańka-Gaca
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Generalized or partial epileptic seizures may be accompanied by autonomic dysfunction. They may also take the form of self-inflicted seizures or be present during interictal period. Arrhythmias, resulting in haemodynamic disturbances in the circulatory system and prolonged hypoxia of the central nervous system, may itself provoke secondary episodes of seizure morphology. The doctor when diagnosing patients with epileptic seizures should always be aware of the potential for cardiogenic disorders. Consideration should be given to the effect of epilepsy on the structure of the autonomic nervous system, the effect of antiepileptic drugs, and the potential for mutations within the ion channels.

scholarly journals Shifts in the Autonomic Nervous System Defined by the Valence of TV News

2018 ◽  
pp. 08-21
Author(s):  
Sergii Tukaiev ◽  
Yurii Havrylets ◽  
Volodymyr Rizun ◽  
Maksym Khylko ◽  
Igor Zyma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Media Effects ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Parasympathetic System ◽  
Tv News

The pattern and nature of autonomic nervous system responses largely depend on the type of emotion. The study was aimed at defining shifts in the autonomic nervous system that accompany the emotional activation under the influence of emotionally accented TV news. Results indicated that a heart rate decelerated in a few minutes after the watching neutral video set. At the same time, throughout the viewing of the video, the activity of the parasympathetic system and the stress index decreased. Negatively accented TV news caused more complex changes. For men, the significant changes in heart rate were recorded only during the first TV news items. On the other hand, negative TV news stories elicited the most significant changes in parasympathetic system and stress index – these changes occurred in the middle of exposure to negative TV news set. The impact was stronger and more complicated for women and consisted of decreasing heart rate while watching TV news stories and accelerating heartbeats in the pause between them. A significant decrease in the parasympathetic system activity occurred after watching negative TV news. Regarding all the parameters, negative TV news stories exerted more significant influence on the psycho-physiological condition of the volunteers than neutral TV stories. Our study revealed the short-term media effects of negative and neutral TV news on the activation patterns of the autonomic nervous system. The short-term reactions of the individual to the mass media are those bricks that underlie a large-scale picture of the media impact on a mass audience. The fact of the existence of short-term media effects gives the base for a further research on the cumulative nature of TV news content’s impact on people, including the longitudinal perspective of media effects.

CHANGES IN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM INDICATORS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH VEGETATIVE DYSFUNCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol Special issue (3) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Shadie Kurtieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Perinatal Pathology ◽  
History Of

This work is based on the results of a study of the assessment of physical parameters of the electroencephalogram in adolescents with autonomic dysfunction, depending on gender and the presence of perinatal pathology in the anamnesis. We examined 87 adolescents 12-18 years old with clinically and laboratory-instrumental confirmed dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system -autonomic dystonia syndrome (ADS). The average age of the clinical manifestation of ADS in girls was 12.2 ± 1.8 years, in boys -13.5 ± 2.1 years. As a result of the study, it was revealed that adolescents with a history of perinatal pathology have the maximum risk of disturbances in the processes of myocardial repolarization at the end of the recovery period after physical exertion, especially in females

ADAPTIVE POSSIBILITY OF THE ORGANISM OF WOMEN WITH PHYSIOLOGICAL PREGNANCY AND EXTRACORPORAL FERTILIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
J.S. Chehova ◽  
◽  
E.A. Kashuba ◽  
S.V. Solov'eva ◽  
M.V. Antonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Adaptive Processes

The study of the restructuring of the body of a pregnant woman with relation to the theory of functional systems is necessary for a complete understanding of the formation of adaptive processes. Of particular interest is pregnancy resulting from extracorporeal fertilization (IVF). Aim. to estimate the adaptive capacity of women with physiological pregnancy and IVF. Materials and methods. The object of the study: healthy women before pregnancy and in the I trimester (I group), patients with tubal-peritoneal infertility at the planning stage and after an effective IVF (II group), women with an unsuccessful IVF (III group). We conducted a study of the functional state of the cardiovascular system of pregnant women with the calculation of adaptive potential (AP) by R. M. Bayevsky. We assessed the regulation of the vegetative nervous system — Kerdo index (KI). We determined the state of regulatory systems with the stress index (L.H. Garkavi et al.). Results. In patients with physiological pregnancy, we noted the effect on the cardiovascular system of the autonomic nervous system and the tension of adaptive reactions. In pregnant women with IVF we recorded the depletion of adaptive activity of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system. This led to a significant strain or failure of adaptation with the predominant influence of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. Conclusion. Significant differences in the studied parameters in women with ineffective IVF program at the stage of pregnancy planning may have important prognostic value for determining the tactics of management of patients.

scholarly journals Analysis of the emotional strain influence on the indicators of the heart rhythm variability in students

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Vera Krivobokova ◽  
Maria Kiseleva ◽  
Andrey Gryaznykh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Normal Condition ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Emotional Strain

To determine the features of the cardiovascular system functional state in students using some indicators of heart rate variability under emotional strain. The research involved 67 male students with an average level of daily motor activity. The age range corresponded to 18 - 23 years. All the examined in the personal history had no deviations in health status and were considered to belong to the main medical group. The tonic activity of the autonomic nervous system in the normal condition was determined using the rhythmocardiographic method on the “Varicard 2.51” hardware-software complex according to the indicators of heart rate variability mathematical analysis. Cardio intervals were recorded in the normal condition and under conditions of emotional stress (the examination session was a model of stress). The analysis of heart rate variability was carried out on the basis of the statistical analysis indicators evaluation - SDNN, pNN50 and variational pulsometry - Mo, AMo, MxDMn, IN. Depending on the initial tonicity of the autonomic nervous system, all examined students were divided into groups: vagotonics, normotonics and sympathotonics. Among the determined values, the examination stress had the greatest impact on the stress index and the share of neighboring RR intervals, which differ by more than 50 ms. If the stress index significantly increased in students with vago- and normotonia, the proportion of neighboring RR intervals, differing by more than 50 ms, decreased in all the studied groups Taking an exam led to psycho-emotional stress of the body. It caused autonomic provision restructuring of cardiac activity due to an increase in the sympathetic effect. The results of the research may be of interest to all participants of the educational process.

scholarly journals Effects of Acute Hypoxic Provocation on Autonomic Nervous System in Young “Healthy” Smokers Measured by Heart Rate Variability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdravko Taralov ◽  
Peter Dimov ◽  
Kiril Terziyski ◽  
Blagoi Marinov ◽  
Mariyan Topolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hypoxic Exposure ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Background and objectives: Smoking leads to autonomic dysfunction. However, the clinical methods for diagnosing this dysfunction are not sufficient. Since exogenous hypoxia leads to changes in the autonomic cardiac control, the aim of our study was to compare the activity of the autonomic nervous system via heart rate variability (HRV) in young “healthy” smokers and non-smokers before, during and after a short-term exogenous hypoxic exposure. Methods: Twenty-one healthy non-smoking males aged 28.0±7.4 (mean±SD) and fourteen healthy smoking males aged 28.1±4.3 with 9.2±5.6 pack-years were subjected to one-hour hypoxic exposure (FiО2=12.3±1.5%) via hypoxicator (AltiPro 8850 Summit+, Altitude Tech, Canada) with simultaneous recording of electrocardiography and pulse oximetry. HRV data was derived via specific software (Kubios HRV, Finland) by analyzing the pre-hypoxic, hypoxic and post-hypoxic periods. Results: Standard deviation of the intervals between normal beats (SDNN) was higher in non-smokers in the pre-hypoxic period (62.0±32.1 vs 40.3±16.2, p=0.013) but not in hypoxia (75.7±34.8 vs 57.9±18.3, p=0.167). When comparing intragroup HRV changes of shifting from hypoxic to post-hypoxic (normoxic) conditions we found that there is a significant increase in the root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD) (65.9±40.2 vs 75.1±45.9, p=0.011) and in the high frequency (lnHF) (6.8±1.4 vs 7.2±1.3, p=0.014) and a decrease in LF/HF (3.0±2.3 vs 1.9±1.5, p<0.001), but these changes were observed only in the group of non-smokers. Conclusions: Smoking likely impairs autonomic regulation in young healthy males and may lead to a decreased HRV even before subjective clinical signs and symptoms. Hypoxic exposure test could be applied in clinical practice for early detection of autonomic dysfunction in smokers, because their parasympathetic reactivation is blunted when shifting from hypoxic to normoxic ambient conditions measured by HRV.

Two Cases of Symptomatic Cluster-Like Headache Suggest the Importance of Sympathetic/Parasympathetic Balance

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1069-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Straube ◽  
T Freilinger ◽  
T Rüther ◽  
C Padovan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Sympathetic Tone ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Parasympathetic System ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Symptomatic Cluster Headache ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone ◽  
Stimulation Of

Despite several reports on symptomatic cluster-like headache, there is no clear explanation of how different lesions thought to be causative are related to cluster-like headache. On the basis of two additional cases of symptomatic cluster headache, we discuss the possibility that an acute imbalance of the autonomic nervous system, namely a net overactivity of the parasympathetic system, may be able to trigger these headache attacks in patients who probably have an additional individual predisposition to react with a cluster-like headache. Such an imbalance can be due to an increase in parasympathetic tone (e.g. stimulation of parasympathetic fibres) or to a reduction of the sympathetic tone (e.g. a lesion of the sympathetic fibres).

RESPONSIVENESS OF AUTONOMOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM UNDER EMOTIOGENIC VIDEO CONTENT IN STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT INITIAL VEGETATIVE TONES

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-135
Author(s):  
P.A. Bayguzhin ◽  
D.Z. Shibkova ◽  
A.E. Batueva ◽  
A.A. Kudryashov ◽  
O.V. Bayguzhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Tone ◽  
Autonomous Nervous System ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
System Responsiveness ◽  
Parasympathetic Tone

The goal of the paper is to reveal the peculiarities of the autonomous nervous system responsiveness under emotiogenic video content in students with different initial vegetative tones. Materials and Methods. The authors examined 33 volunteers, their average age was 21.4±1.5. According to the stress index (SI), the subjects were divided into two groups: in the 1st group (n=14) a sympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system prevailed (SI>140); in the 2nd group (n=19) initially, there dominated a parasympathetic tone (SI<140). Viewing video content with emotiogenic fragments served as a model for emotion induction. The responsibility of the autonomic nervous system was determined according to the change of indicators in temporal (RRNN, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) and mathematical analysis (heart rate, M, Mo, AMo, index of vegetative balance, vegetative rhythm indicator, tension index) of the cardiac rhythmogram. The cardiac rhythmogram was divided into successive analysis steps, which lasted 100 cardiac cycles synchronized with each episode of the stimulus video. Results. Regardless of the video valency, the indicators of a temporary RMSSD and pNN50 analysis are sensitive indicators of heart rate variability under emotiogenic video content in individuals with initial parasympathetic tone; in individuals with initial sympathetic tone these are the indicators of mathematical analysis – the index of vegetative balance and index of tension while watching a video evoking negative emotions. The revealed peculiarities of the vegetative body support at the stages following the exposure to the emotiogenic factors characterize stress-reactive thinking or rumination. The authors registered significant increase in heart rate in individuals with initial parasympathetic tone, whereas in individuals with initial sympathetic tone, there was a certain increase in vagal activity associated with SDNN and pNN50 increase. Conclusion. While evaluating the emotiogenic factor influence on the organism, evident in the autonomic nervous system responsiveness, one should consider the initial autonomic tone of the subjects, the degree of variability, the intensity of changes, and the sensitivity of heart rate variability. Keywords: reactivity, autonomic nervous system, heart rate variability, emotiogenic factor, video content, rumination, students. Цель работы. Выявить особенности реактивности автономной нервной системы при воздействии эмоциогенного видеоконтента у студентов с различным исходным вегетативным тонусом. Материалы и методы. На основании добровольного согласия обследовано 33 чел., средний возраст которых составил 21,4±1,5 года. В зависимости от величины индекса напряжения (ИН) обследуемые были разделены на две группы: 1-я группа (n=14) – с преобладанием симпатического тонуса автономной нервной системы (ИН>140 ед.); 2-я группа (n=19) – с исходным преобладанием парасимпатического тонуса (ИН<140 ед.). Моделью индукции эмоций являлся просмотр видеоконтента, содержащего эмоциогенные фрагменты. Реактивность автономной нервной системы определялась по степени изменения показателей временного (RRNN, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) и математического анализа (ЧСС, M, Mo, AMo, ИВР, ВПР, ИН) кардиоритмограммы. Кардиоритмограмма делилась на последовательные этапы анализа, длительность которых составляла 100 кардиоциклов, синхронизированных с каждым фрагментом стимульного видеоряда. Результаты. Чувствительными показателями вариабельности сердечного ритма при воздействии эмоциогенного видеоконтента у лиц с исходным парасимпатическим тонусом являются показатели временного анализа RMSSD и pNN50, независимо от валентности видеоролика; у лиц с исходным симпатическим тонусом – показатели математического анализа – индекс вегетативного равновесия (ИВР) и ИН при восприятии видеоролика, индуцирующего отрицательные эмоции. Выявленные особенности вегетативного обеспечения организма на этапах, следующих после воздействия эмоциогенного фактора, характерны для состояния стресс-реактивного размышления, или руминации. У лиц с исходным парасимпатическим тонусом регистрировалось значимое увеличение ЧСС, у лиц с исходным симпатическим тонусом – характерное увеличение вагусной активности на фоне увеличения показателей SDNN и pNN50. Выводы. Эффекты воздействия эмоциогенного фактора на организм, выраженные в особенностях реактивности автономной нервной системы, должны оцениваться с учетом исходного вегетативного тонуса обследуемых, степени вариативности, интенсивности изменений, а также чувствительности показателей вариабельности сердечного ритма. Ключевые слова: реактивность, автономная нервная система, вариабельность сердечного ритма, эмоциогенный фактор, видеоконтент, руминация, студенты.

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