Long-Chain Dietary Fatty Acids Affect the Capacity of Drosophila melanogaster to Tolerate Ethanol

1993 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. McKechnie ◽  
Billy W. Geer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain

Postprandial Activation of Coagulant Factor VII by Long-chain Dietary Fatty Acids

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 369-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A B Sanders ◽  
G J Miller ◽  
Tamara de Grassi ◽  
Najat Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Long Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Long Chain

SummaryFactor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc) is associated with an increased risk of fatal ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Several reports have suggested that dietary fat intake or hypertriglyceridaemia are associated with elevated levels of FVII. This study demonstrates that an intake of long-chain fatty acids sufficient to induce postprandial lipaemia in healthy subjects leads to a substantial elevation in both FVIIc and the concentration of FVII circulating in the activated form. Such an increase in FVIIc could not be induced by medium-chain triglycerides. These results suggest that the consumption of a sufficient amount of long-chain triglycerides to induce postprandial lipaemia induces the activation of FVII.

scholarly journals Atlantic salmon require long-chain n-3 fatty acids for optimal growth throughout the seawater period

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grethe Rosenlund ◽  
Bente E. Torstensen ◽  
Ingunn Stubhaug ◽  
Nafiha Usman ◽  
Nini H. Sissener
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractThe nutritional requirement for n-3 long-chain PUFA in fast-growing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during grow out in the sea is not well documented. Diets were formulated with levels of EPA (20 : 5n-3) and DHA (22 : 6n-3) ranging from 1·3 to 7·4 % of fatty acids (4–24 g/kg feed). Two long-term trials were conducted through the seawater phase, the first at 6 and 12°C, and the second at 12°C. In the first trial, growth at both temperatures was significantly lower in fish fed 1·4 % EPA+DHA of total fatty acids compared with the 5·2 % EPA+DHA group. In the second trial, growth was significantly lower in fish fed 1·3 and 2·7 % compared with 4·4 and 7·4 % EPA + DHA. Fatty acid composition in the fish reflected diet composition, but only after a 7-fold increase in body weight did the fatty acid profile of the fish stabilise according to dietary fatty acids (shown for EPA and DHA). The retention efficiency of DHA increased with decreasing dietary levels, and was 120–190 and 120–200 % in trials 1 and 2, respectively. The retention efficiency of EPA was lower (60–200 %), and values >100 % were only achieved at the lowest dietary levels in both trials. Temperature did not affect fatty acid retention efficiency. These results suggest that Atlantic salmon have a specific requirement for EPA + DHA >2·7 % of fatty acids for optimal long-term growth in seawater, and that short-term growth trials with less weight increase would not show these effects.

Mechanisms for competitively reducing ruminal methanogenesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
End Use ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Reducing Equivalents

Methane production is the principal end use of hydrogen gas derived by phosphoroclastic reactions or the release of protons from reducing equivalents by hydrogenases in the rumen. It should therefore be possible to reduce methanogenesis by (1) inhibiting H2 liberating reactions, (2) promoting alternative reactions which accept H+ during reoxidation of reducing equivalents, and (3) promoting alternative H2-using reactions. Strategies to reduce methanogenesis by these means are discussed. Particular attention is given to increasing synthesis of propionate and long chain fatty acids in the rumen, to acetogenesis, and to the actions of chemicals such as monensin and dietary fatty acids.

scholarly journals Dietary Fat and Protein Intakes in Relation to Plasma Sphingolipids As Determined by a Large-Scale Lipidomic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 861-861
Author(s):  
Jowy Seah Yi Hoong ◽  
Wee Siong Chew ◽  
Federico Torta ◽  
Chin Meng Khoo ◽  
Markus R Wenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fat ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Objectives Sphingolipid concentrations have been associated with risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Because sphingolipids can be synthesized de novo from saturated fatty acids (SFA), dietary fatty acids may affect plasma sphingolipid concentrations. We aimed to evaluate dietary fat and protein intakes in relation to circulating sphingolipid levels. Methods We used cross-sectional data from 2860 ethnic Chinese Singaporeans collected from 2004–2007. Nutrient intakes were estimated on the basis of a validated 159-item food frequency questionnaire. We quantified 79 molecularly distinct sphingolipids in a large-scale lipidomic evaluation from plasma samples. Results Higher saturated fat intake was associated with higher concentrations of 16:1; O2 sphingolipids including ceramides, monohexosylcermides, dihexosylceramides, sphingomyelins, and sphingosine 1-phosphates. Higher polyunsaturated fat intake was associated with lower plasma long-chain ceramides and long-chain monohexosylcermide concentrations. Protein intake was inversely associated with concentrations of most subclasses of sphingolipids, with the exception of sphingolipids containing a 16:1; O2 sphingoid base. Lower intake of saturated fat and higher intake of polyunsaturated fat and protein may decrease plasma concentrations of several sphingolipid classes. Conclusions These findings may represent a novel biological mechanism for the impact of nutrient intakes on cardio-metabolic health. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Research Foundation Investigatorship grant (NRF-NRFI2015–05, to MRW), A*STAR (I1901E0040), and the National University Health System (NUHSRO/2014/085/AF-Partner/01, DRH). FT was supported by the NRF and A*STAR IAF-ICP I1901E0040.

scholarly journals Dietary fatty acids and lipoproteins on progression of age-related macular degeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Montserrat-de la Paz ◽  
M. C. Naranjo ◽  
B. Bermúdez ◽  
S. López ◽  
R. Abia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Long Chain

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a medical condition of central loss vision and blindness. Numerous studies have revealed that changes on certain dietary fatty acids (FAs) could have useful for AMD management. This review summarizes the effects of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, MUFAs, and SFAs, and lipoproteins on AMD. Findings are consistent with the beneficial role of dietary omega-3 long-chain PUFAs, while the effects of dietary MUFAs and SFAs appeared to be ambiguous with respect to the possible protection from MUFAs and to the possible adverse impact from SFAs on AMD. Some of the pathological mechanisms associated with lipoproteins on AMD share those observed previously in cardiovascular diseases. It was also noticed that the effects of FAs in the diet and lipoprotein on AMD could be modulated by genetic variants. From a population health perspective, the findings of this review are in favour of omega-3 long-chain FAs recommendations in a preventive and therapeutic regimen to attain lower AMD occurrence and progression rates. Additional long-term and short-term nutrigenomic studies are required to clearly establish the role and the relevance of interaction of dietary FAs, lipoproteins, and genes in the genesis and progression of AMD.

Maternal Dietary Fatty Acids and Their Relationship to Derived Endocannabinoids in Human Milk

2021 ◽  
pp. 089033442199346
Author(s):  
Adriana V. Gaitán ◽  
JodiAnne T. Wood ◽  
Yingpeng Liu ◽  
Lipin Ji ◽  
Spyros P. Nikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Chain

Background Dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to benefit infant development. After birth, human milk provides arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids to the infant. Endocannabinoids are endogenous lipid mediators derived from the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Although the roles and the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, previous researchers have suggested that endocannabinoids might play a role in infant feeding behavior. Research Aims To assess (i) maternal dietary intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and (ii) their relationship to concentrations of fatty acids and derived endocannabinoids in human milk. Methods For this exploratory-longitudinal study, participants ( N = 24) provided dietary intake data and milk samples. Fatty acids and derived endocannabinoids: Arachidonylethanolamide, arachidonoylglycerol, docosahexaenoyl glycerol, eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide, and eicosapenaenoyl glycerol were identified in their milk by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and correlations to dietary fatty acids were assessed. Results Participants were not consuming recommended amounts of docosahexaenoic acid. Significant correlations ( p ≤ .05) were only found between dietary docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids and the concentrations of these in human milk. Moreover, only dietary docosahexaenoic acid was correlated ( p = .031) with its corresponding endocannabinoid, docosahexaenoyl glycerol. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this may be one of the first studies evaluating relationships between dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and multiple endocannabinoids in human milk. Our findings suggest that endocannabinoid concentrations could be modulated by dietary precursors. Future research studies can be designed based on these data to better elucidate the roles of endocannabinoids in human milk for infant health and development.

scholarly journals SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION IN TISSUE OF RAINBOW TROUT PARASALMO MYKISS (WALBAUM, 1792), CULTIVATED ON VARIOUS DIETS

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Olga Borisovna Vasilieva ◽  
Marina Aleksandrovna Nazarova ◽  
Nina Nikolaevna Nemova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Trophic Factor ◽  
Parasalmo Mykiss ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Long Chain

A comparative study of the composition of fatty acids in muscles, liver and internal fat in rainbow trout Parasalmo mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) grown on various diets in the period from April to July was effected. Differences in content of dietary fatty acids in diet 1 and diet 2 were found. A significantly lower level of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (including physiologically significant eicosapentaenoic 20: 5(n-3) and docosapentaenoic 22: 6(n-3) acids) was detected in diet № 2, compared to diet № 1. As a result, deficiency of dietary eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids leads to a slow rate of fishes growth. A significant influence of the trophic factor on the distribution of fatty acids in muscles and internal fat of fish is shown, because lipids in rainbow trout accumulate in these tissues. The degree of accumulation of different dietary fatty acids in muscles and internal fat of trout was depended on fatty acids that prevailed in the diet on which the rainbow trout was grown. A high degree of influence of the trophic factor on the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids of families n-9 and n-4 was found, the content of which in trout tissues was about 1%. Composition of fatty acids in trout liver, as the most metabolically active organ, is less conditioned by the influence of the factors studied. The degree of assimilation of docosahexaenoic 22: 6 (n-3) acid in rainbow trout probably depended on the level of eicosapentaenoic 20: 5 (n-3) acid in the diet. It has been stated that changing the level of fatty acids in muscles and internal fat of trout during seasonal changes is associated with an increase in the frequency of feeding of fishes in the summer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document