scholarly journals Wind-evoked anemotropism affects the morphology and mechanical properties of Arabidopsis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Zhdanov ◽  
Michael R Blatt ◽  
Hossein Zare-Behtash ◽  
Angela Busse
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Tissue Organization ◽  
Term Response ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties

Abstract Plants are known to exhibit a thigmomorphogenetic response to mechanical stimuli by altering their morphology and mechanical properties. Wind is widely perceived as mechanical stress and in many experiments its influence is simulated by applying mechanical perturbations. However, it is known that wind-induced effects on plants can differ and at times occur even in the opposite direction compared with those induced by mechanical perturbations. In the present study, the long-term response of Arabidopsis thaliana to a constant unidirectional wind was investigated. We found that exposure to wind resulted in a positive anemotropic response and in significant alterations to Arabidopsis morphology, mechanical properties, and anatomical tissue organization that were associated with the plant’s strategy of acclimation to a windy environment. Overall, the observed response of Arabidopsis to wind differs significantly from previously reported responses of Arabidopsis to mechanical perturbations. The presented results suggest that the response of Arabidopsis is sensitive to the type of mechanical stimulus applied, and that it is not always straightforward to simulate one type of perturbation by another.

scholarly journals Variation of Burkholderia cenocepacia cell wall morphology and mechanical properties during cystic fibrosis lung infection, assessed by atomic force microscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amir Hassan ◽  
Miguel V. Vitorino ◽  
Tiago Robalo ◽  
Mário S. Rodrigues ◽  
Isabel Sá-Correia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Burkholderia Cenocepacia ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties

Abstract The influence that Burkholderia cenocepacia adaptive evolution during long-term infection in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has on cell wall morphology and mechanical properties is poorly understood despite their crucial role in cell physiology, persistent infection and pathogenesis. Cell wall morphology and physical properties of three B. cenocepacia isolates collected from a CF patient over a period of 3.5 years were compared using atomic force microscopy (AFM). These serial clonal variants include the first isolate retrieved from the patient and two late isolates obtained after three years of infection and before the patient’s death with cepacia syndrome. A consistent and progressive decrease of cell height and a cell shape evolution during infection, from the typical rods to morphology closer to cocci, were observed. The images of cells grown in biofilms showed an identical cell size reduction pattern. Additionally, the apparent elasticity modulus significantly decreases from the early isolate to the last clonal variant retrieved from the patient but the intermediary highly antibiotic resistant clonal isolate showed the highest elasticity values. Concerning the adhesion of bacteria surface to the AFM tip, the first isolate was found to adhere better than the late isolates whose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure loss the O-antigen (OAg) during CF infection. The OAg is known to influence Gram-negative bacteria adhesion and be an important factor in B. cenocepacia adaptation to chronic infection. Results reinforce the concept of the occurrence of phenotypic heterogeneity and adaptive evolution, also at the level of cell size, form, envelope topography and physical properties during long-term infection.

The Design and Fabrication of Dimples Pattern on the Surface of UHMWPE

2013 ◽  
Vol 770 ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiao Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight ◽  
Morphology And Mechanical Properties

Tribological problems are the major obstacle that limits the long-term using of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in artificial joints. Many efforts have been made to improve the tribological properties of UHMWPE mainly by promoting the structure, morphology and mechanical properties of UHMWPE. In this paper, inspired from the natural joint, the micro-scale texture has been introduced to improve the tribological properties of UHMWPE. The micro-imprint lithography technology has been adopted to fabricate the textured UHMWPE. The profile of textured UHMWPE shows that the quality of textured UHMWPE is good. The result of tribological tests shows that the micro-scaled surface texture can remarkably reduce friction on UHMWPE.

scholarly journals The circadian oscillator gene GIGANTEA mediates a long-term response of the Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock to sucrose

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 5104-5109 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dalchau ◽  
S. J. Baek ◽  
H. M. Briggs ◽  
F. C. Robertson ◽  
A. N. Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Circadian Oscillator ◽  
Term Response

Superhydrophilic Multifunctional Nanotextured Titanium Dental Implants: In Vivo Short and Long-term Response in a Porcine Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Mathew ◽  
Silpa Abraham ◽  
Shamilin Stephen ◽  
Anna Serene Babu ◽  
Siddaramana Gowd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Multifunctional Device ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Pathogenic Agents ◽  
Titanium Dental Implants ◽  
Term Response

Current clinical demand in dental implantology is for a multifunctional device with optimum mechanical properties, improved biocompatibility, and bioactivity, and having differential interactions with cells and pathogenic agents. This would...

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Cement-Treated Soil Mixed with Cellulose Nanofibre

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6425
Author(s):  
Hidenori Takahashi ◽  
Shinya Omori ◽  
Hideyuki Asada ◽  
Hirofumi Fukawa ◽  
Yusuke Gotoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Geotechnical Engineering ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Soft Ground ◽  
Wood Cellulose ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Made In ◽  
Cement Treatment

Cellulose nanofibre (CNF), a material composed of ultrafine fibres of wood cellulose fibrillated to nano-order level, is expected to be widely used because of its excellent properties. However, in the field of geotechnical engineering, almost no progress has been made in the development of techniques for using CNFs. The authors have focused on the use of CNF as an additive in cement treatment for soft ground, where cement is added to solidify the ground, because CNF can reduce the problems associated with cement-treated soil. This paper presents the results of a study on the method of mixing CNF, the strength and its variation obtained by adding CNF, and the change in permeability. CNF had the effect of mixing the cement evenly and reducing the variation in the strength of the treated soil. The CNF mixture increased the strength at the initial age but reduced the strength development in the long term. The addition of CNF also increased the flexural strength, although it hardly changed the permeability.

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