scholarly journals Soil coring at multiple field environments can directly quantify variation in deep root traits to select wheat genotypes for breeding

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (21) ◽  
pp. 6231-6249 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Wasson ◽  
G. J. Rebetzke ◽  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. Christopher ◽  
R. A. Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Traits ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Deep Root ◽  
Multiple Field

Plasticity and co‐variation of root traits govern differential phosphorus acquisition among 20 wheat genotypes

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin‐Xin Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Zed Rengel ◽  
Hongbo Li
Keyword(s):  
Root Traits ◽  
Phosphorus Acquisition ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Biopore-Induced Deep Root Traits of Two Winter Crops

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Ning Huang ◽  
Miriam Athmann ◽  
Eusun Han
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Deep Root ◽  
Rooting Density ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Soil Monolith ◽  
Winter Crops

Deeper root growth can be induced by increased biopore density. In this study, we aimed to compare deep root traits of two winter crops in field conditions in response to altered biopore density as affected by crop sequence. Two fodder crop species—chicory and tall fescue—were grown for two consecutive years as preceding crops (pre-crops). Root traits of two winter crops—barley and canola, which were grown as subsequent crops (post-crops)—were measured using the profile wall and soil monolith method. While barley and canola differed greatly in deep root traits, they both significantly increased rooting density inside biopores by two-fold at soil depths shallower than 100 cm. A similar increase in rooting density in the bulk soil was observed below 100 cm soil depth. As a result, rooting depth significantly increased (>5 cm) under biopore-rich conditions throughout the season of the winter crops. Morphological root traits revealed species-wise variation in response to altered biopore density, in which only barley increased root size under biopore-rich conditions. We concluded that large-sized biopores induce deeper rooting of winter crops that can increase soil resource acquisition potential, which is considered to be important for agricultural systems with less outsourced farm resources, e.g., Organic Agriculture. Crops with contrasting root systems can respond differently to varying biopore density, especially root morphology, which should be taken into account upon exploiting biopore-rich conditions in arable fields. Our results also indicate the need for further detailed research with a greater number of species, varieties and genotypes for functional classification of root plasticity against the altered subsoil structure.

Greenhouse screening of maize genotypes for deep root mass and related root traits and their association with grain yield under water-deficit conditions in the field

Euphytica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Liakat Ali ◽  
Jon Luetchens ◽  
Amritpal Singh ◽  
Timothy M. Shaver ◽  
Greg R. Kruger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Deep Root ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Greenhouse Screening

scholarly journals Deciphering the change in root system architectural traits under limiting and non-limiting phosphorus in Indian bread wheat germplasm

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0255840
Author(s):  
Palaparthi Dharmateja ◽  
Manjeet Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Pandey ◽  
Pranab Kumar Mandal ◽  
Prashanth Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Use Efficiency

The root system architectures (RSAs) largely decide the phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of plants by influencing the phosphorus uptake. Very limited information is available on wheat’s RSAs and their deciding factors affecting phosphorus uptake efficiency (PupE) due to difficulties in adopting scoring values used for evaluating root traits. Based on our earlier research experience on nitrogen uptake efficiency screening under, hydroponics and soil-filled pot conditions, a comprehensive study on 182 Indian bread wheat genotypes was carried out under hydroponics with limited P (LP) and non-limiting P (NLP) conditions. The findings revealed a significant genetic variation, root traits correlation, and moderate to high heritability for RSAs traits namely primary root length (PRL), total root length (TRL), total root surface area (TSA), root average diameter (RAD), total root volume (TRV), total root tips (TRT) and total root forks (TRF). In LP, the expressions of TRL, TRV, TSA, TRT and TRF were enhanced while PRL and RAD were diminished. An almost similar pattern of correlations among the RSAs was also observed in both conditions except for RAD. RAD exhibited significant negative correlations with PRL, TRL, TSA, TRT and TRF under LP (r = -0.45, r = -0.35, r = -0.16, r = -0.30, and r = -0.28 respectively). The subclass of TRL, TSA, TRV and TRT representing the 0–0.5 mm diameter had a higher root distribution percentage in LP than NLP. Comparatively wide range of H’ value i.e. 0.43 to 0.97 in LP than NLP indicates that expression pattern of these traits are highly influenced by the level of P. In which, RAD (0.43) expression was reduced in LP, and expressions of TRF (0.91) and TSA (0.97) were significantly enhanced. The principal component analysis for grouping of traits and genotypes over LP and NLP revealed a high PC1 score indicating the presence of non-crossover interactions. Based on the comprehensive P response index value (CPRI value), the top five highly P efficient wheat genotypes namely BW 181, BW 103, BW 104, BW 143 and BW 66, were identified. Considering the future need for developing resource-efficient wheat varieties, these genotypes would serve as valuable genetic sources for improving P efficiency in wheat cultivars. This set of genotypes would also help in understanding the genetic architecture of a complex trait like P use efficiency.

scholarly journals Root traits and root biomass allocation impact how wheat genotypes respond to organic amendments and earthworms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0200646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Cynthia M. Kallenbach ◽  
Patrick F. Byrne ◽  
Steven J. Fonte
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Rooting density differentiates wheat genotypes through Bayesian modeling

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton P. Wasson ◽  
Grace S. Chiu ◽  
Alexander B. Zwart ◽  
Timothy R. Binns
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Nonlinear Modeling ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Rooting Density ◽  
Intensity Functions

AbstractWheat pre-breeders use soil coring and core-break counts to phenotype root architecture traits, with data collected on rooting density for hundreds of genotypes in small increments of depth. The measured densities are both large datasets and highly variable even within the same genotype, hence, any rigorous, comprehensive statistical analysis of such complex field data would be technically challenging. Traditionally, most attributes of the field data are therefore discarded in favor of simple numerical summary descriptors which retain much of the high variability exhibited by the raw data. This poses practical challenges: although plant scientists have established that root traits do drive resource capture in crops, traits that are more randomly (rather than genetically) determined are difficult to breed for. In this paper we develop a Bayesian hierarchical nonlinear modeling approach that utilizes the complete field data for wheat genotypes to fit anidealizedrelative intensity function for the root distribution over depth. Our approach was used to determineheritability: how much of the variation between field samples was purely random versus being mechanistically driven by the plant genetics? Based on the genotypic intensity functions, the overall heritability estimate was 0.62 (95% Bayesian confidence interval was 0.52 to 0.71). Despite root count profiles that were statistically very noisy, our Bayesian analysis led to denoised profiles which exhibited rigorously discernible phenotypic traits. The profile-specific traits could be representative of a genotype and thus can be used as a quantitative tool to associate phenotypic traits with specific genotypes.

scholarly journals Nguyen Duc Thanh∗, Nguyen Thi Kim Lien, Pham Quang Chung, Tran Quoc Trong, Le Thi Bich Thuy, and Henry Nguyen

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duc Thanh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Kim Lien ◽  
Pham Quang Chung ◽  
Tran Quoc Trong ◽  
Le Thi Bich Thuy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Deep Root ◽  
Maximum Root Length ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
Drought Resistant

Upland rice grows on 19 million ha, about 15% of the world's rice plantation [2]. The production of upland rice is crucial to agricultural economy of many countries [15]. The yield of upland rice is very low with an average of about 1 t/ha. Drought is a major constraint to the productivity of upland rice. In this paper, we present the results on mapping QTLs for root traits related to drought resistance (maximum root length, root thickness, root weight to shoot and deep root weight to shoot ratios) in upland rice using a recombinant inbreed (RI) population derived from a cross between Vietnamese upland rice accessions. The first molecular linked of Vietnamese upland rice were constructed. The map consists of 239 markers (36 SSR and 203 AFLP markers) mapped to all 12 rice chromosomes. This map covered 3973.1 cM of rice genome with an average distance of 16.62 cM between the markers. Twenty three putative QTLs were detected. Among them, four QTLs for MRL, four QTLs for R/SR, four QTLs for DR/SR, two QTL for RN, two QTLs for RT, two for PH, and five QTLs for TN were recorded. There are several SSR markers such as RM250, RM270, RM263, RM242, RM221 linked to QTL regions. They could be very useful for drought resistant selection in rice. Some common QTLs for maximum root length and deep root weight to shoot ratio were observed in different genetic background (RDB09 × R2021 and IR64 × Azorean populations) and ecological locations (IRRI and Vietnam). These QTLs could be very useful for precise locating drought resistant gene(s) and marker-assisted selection.  

Nitrogen and phosphorus availability affect wheat carbon allocation pathways: rhizodeposition and mycorrhizal symbiosis

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Bicharanloo ◽  
Milad Bagheri Shirvan ◽  
Claudia Keitel ◽  
Feike A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
N Availability ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Plant P Uptake

Plants allocate their photosynthetic carbon (C) belowground through rhizodeposition, which can be incorporated into microbial biomass and organic matter, but can also be directly shared with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In this study, we investigated how both rhizodeposition and AMF colonisation are affected by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability in soil systems, and in turn, how these C allocation pathways influenced plant P uptake in four different wheat genotypes with variable root traits. Wheat genotypes (249, Suntop, Scout and IAW2013) were grown in pots and labelled continuously during their growth period with 13CO2 to determine rhizodeposition. We applied two levels of N (25 and 100 kg ha–1) and P (10 and 40 kg ha–1) fertiliser. Plant root traits, plant P content, soil available P and N, microbial biomass C and P, and AMF colonisation were examined. We constructed a structural equation model to show how C allocation to rhizodeposition and AMF colonisation depended on P and N availability, and how these pathways affected plant P uptake and grain yield. Wheat genotypes with fine roots (Suntop, Scout and IAW2013) were associated with AMF colonisation for plant P uptake, and the genotype with the largest root biomass (249) provided more C to rhizodeposition. Both rhizodeposition and AMF colonisation increased plant P and grain yield under low P and high N availability respectively, while root biomass and root traits, such as specific root length and proportion of fine roots, determined which C allocation pathway was employed by the plant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document