7 Art. 6 GG: Marriage and Family

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bumke Christian ◽  
Voßkuhle Andreas
Keyword(s):  
Social Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
The Right ◽  
State Interference ◽  
Scope Of Protection

This chapter deals with Art. 6 of the Grundgesetz (GG), which guarantees protection for marriage and the family. Art. 6 GG protects marriage and the family from state interference, and also creates a special principle of equality. Paragraphs 4 and 5 create constitutional rights for mothers and children born outside of marriage. The chapter first considers the jurisprudence of the Federal Constitutional Court concerning the scope of protection for marriage and the family, including issues concerning discrimination against same-sex relationships, freedom to marry, marital cohabitation, the right to divorce, and the right to spousal maintenance. It then examines the constitutional rights of parents and the social rights of mothers before concluding with an analysis of the social rights of children born outside of marriage.

Same-Sex Relationships

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna L. Grossman ◽  
Lawrence M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Same Sex Marriage ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Traditional Marriage ◽  
The Right ◽  
Constitutional Analysis

This chapter describes what might be the last battleground over “traditional” marriage—same-sex marriage, and the social and legal revolution that brought us from an era in which it was never contemplated to one in which, depending on the state, it is either expressly authorized or expressly prohibited. Same-sex marriage has posed—and continues to pose—a challenge to traditional definitions of marriage and family. But, more importantly, the issue implies broader changes in family law—the increasing role of constitutional analysis; limits on the right of government to regulate the family; and the clash between the traditional family form and a new and wider menu of intimate and household arrangements, and all this against the background of the rise of a stronger form of individualism.

scholarly journals Constitutional Justice in Russia: History and Modern Times

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Taskayev ◽  
Anna Oleynik
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
Governmental Power ◽  
Constitutional Justice ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

The article examines the process of emergence, formation and development of the constitutional justice institution in Russia. It carries out an analysis of organization and activities of the USSR Constitutional Control Committee, the RSFSR Constitutional Court and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The authors draw a conclusion of the need of conducting constitutional and legal reforms in Russia, introducing amendments and additions to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In order to increase efficiency of the constitutional jurisdiction, improving the organization and activity of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the General Prosecutors Office of the Russian Federation, the Investigation Committee of the Russian Federation, the Executive Office of the Human Rights Commissioner in the Russian Federation, the authors offer proposals of introducing amendments and additions to Articles 104, 125, 129 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Federal Constitutional Law of 21.07.1994 № 1-ФКЗ «On Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation» in terms of authorizing the above-mentioned office-holders with the right of legislative initiative and making inquiries to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. In particular, on issues of constitutionality of the laws, normative legal acts of the supreme bodies of the governmental power and office-holders of the Russian Federation and the entities of the Russian Federation; on solvation of disputes in terms of competence between the supreme bodies of the governmental power and office-holders of the Russian Federation and the entities of the Russian Federation; on violence of citizens constitutional rights. The authors also offer to expand the Article 129 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation up to a separate chapter of the Constitution in which to establish the place in the system of the governmental power the designation, system, structure, principles of organization and activity, the authorities of the prosecutors office bodies, including in the sphere of constitutional jurisdiction.

Conference Impressions: The Persisting Riddle of Fundamental Rights Jurisprudence and the Role of the Constitutional Court in a Democratic State

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Barnert ◽  
Natascha Doll
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Civil Lawsuits ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

On January 15th 1958, the German Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court - FCC) pronounced a judgement deemed to be a prime example for the Court's early jurisprudence concerning the scope of fundamental rights in Germany: The Court's famous “Lüth”-decision resulted from a constitutional complaint brought by Erich Lüth, former member of the Hamburg senate.* In the early 1950s, Lüth had called upon film distributors and the public to boycott Veit Harlan's tearjerker movie Unsterbliche Geliebte (Immortal Beloved). Cause for his appeal was Harlan's prominent role in the Nazi propaganda machinery as Goebbels' protégé and director of the movie Jud Süss in 1940, which counts as one of the worst anti-semitic films released during the Nazi regime. After having lost several civil lawsuits, Lüth asserted the violation of constitutional rights. Over six years later, he was to be proved correct: The Federal Constitutional Court ruled that Lüth's complaint was covered by the right to freedom of speech guaranteed in Art. 5 of the German Basic Law (Grundgesetz). The Court stated that the fundamental rights as laid down in the Grundgesetz are not only of importance as subjective rights protecting the individual against state intrusions on the private sphere. As a whole they also unfold an objective dimension in representing society's crucial values. Therefore, they govern the entire legal order - including civil law and private law relations! This was indeed understood as a staggering conclusion with which the Court went far beyond the issue at stake. Since Lüth, German legal discourse characterizes this phenomenon as the third-party or horizontal effect of basic rights (Drittwirkung).

scholarly journals Resolución del Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán sobre el art. 217 del Código penal alemán

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-225
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Dell'Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
The Right ◽  
German Federal Constitutional Court ◽  
German Federal Constitutional

Con fecha 26 de febrero de 2020, la cámara segunda del Tribunal Constitucional Federal Alemán declaró la inconstitucionalidad y nulidad del art. 217 del Código Penal Alemán. Este artículo, en su redacción luego de ser modificado en el año 2015, amenaza en su primer inciso con pena privativa de la libertad a quien promoviera de manera comercial la asistencia al suicidio. En dicha oportunidad, los Magistrados entendieron y decidieron de manera conjunta sobre seis recursos de inconstitucionalidad, y concluyeron en que la norma atacada vulnera los siguientes derechos constitucionales: el derecho al libre desarrollo de la personalidad (art. 2. inc. 1 en conexión con el art. 1 inc. 1); el derecho a la libertad (art. 2 inc. 2 segunda oración en conexión con el art. 104 inc. 1); y el derecho a la libertad de trabajo (art. 12 inc. 1).   On 26 February 2020, the second chamber of the German Federal Constitutional Court declared section 217 of the German Criminal Code unconstitutional and void. This section, as amended in 2015, threatens in its first paragraph with prisión sentence for anyone who commercially promotes assisted suicide. On that occasion, the judges considered and decided jointly on six constitutional appeals, and concluded that the rule attacked violated the following constitutional rights: the right to free personality development (article 2, paragraph 1, in connection with article 1, paragraph 1); the right to liberty (article 2, paragraph 2, second sentence in reference to article 104, paragraph 1); and the right to freedom of work (article 12, paragraph 1).

Constitutional Control Of Marital Agreements II: The FCC Affirms Its Path-Breaking Decision

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Dependent Child ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
The Law ◽  
Marital Agreement

In a grand decision handed down in February, the Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court - FCC) held that a marital agreement was unconstitutional, by which a woman resigned, in the event of an eventual divorce, any allocation for her as well as for her son. The Court concluded that the agreement violated both the constitutional provisions pertaining to the protection of the family and to that of the child. The Court upheld the law that prohibits a parent from disavowing claims to the support allocation for a dependent child, but went further in declaring that, by having been led to sign a marital agreement including the surrender of claims to financial support of such drastic degrees, the contracting woman suffered nothing less than a violation of her constitutional rights. According to the Court, this agreement constituted a violation of the rights of the child at the same time, as the bleakness of the mother's financial situation was seen by the FCC to prevent an orderly and safe upbringing of the dependent child.

14 Art. 13 GG: Inviolability of the Home

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bumke Christian ◽  
Voßkuhle Andreas
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Dry Cleaning ◽  
Spatial Aspect ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
Acoustic Surveillance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scope Of Protection

This chapter deals with the inviolability of the home, a fundamental right guaranteed by Art. 13 of the Grundgesetz (GG). Art. 13 GG offers protection to a spatially defined area in which one may do as he or she pleases undisturbed and unobserved. It thus secures the spatial aspect of the ‘right to be left alone’ which the Federal Constitutional Court created in the Microcensus Decision. The Court's ruling in a case concerning acoustic surveillance of the home illustrates the liberal manner by which this right has been interpreted. The chapter first examines the Court's jurisprudence regarding the scope of protection for the right of inviolability of the home, focussing on cases relating to express dry cleaning and tenants' property, before discussing the question of interference with this right, along with the constitutional justification of such interferences, especially with regard to search of a home.

3 Art. 2 GG: Protection of the Right of Personality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bumke Christian ◽  
Voßkuhle Andreas
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Preventive Detention ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
Free Development ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scope Of Protection ◽  
Freedom Of Action

This chapter discusses the provisions of Art. 2 of the Grundgesetz (GG) with respect to the right to free development of personality. It first explains the scope of protection for the two fundamental-rights guarantees that comprise the right to free development of personality: general freedom of action and general right of personality. It then considers the question of interference with both rights and the constitutional justification of such interferences and cites decisions made by the Federal Constitutional Court in various cases, including those concerning the right to informational self-determination and the constitutionality of regulations on preventive detention. It also examines the conflicts between fundamental rights with respect to Art. 2 para. 1 GG before concluding with an analysis of the scope of protection for the right to life and physical integrity and the doctrine of the state's duty to protect.

Derechos sociales y amparo constitucional

2012 ◽  
pp. 17-57
Author(s):  
María DÍAZ CREGO
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Procedural Safeguard ◽  
National Constitution

LABURPENA: Nahiz eta Espainiako Konstituzioak eskubide sozial sorta handia aitortu, bertako 53. artikuluaren jokoak oinarrizko eskubideak bermatzeko mekanismotik kanpo uzten ditu eskubide sozial horiek. Artikulu horrek zalantzan jartzen baitu eskubide sozial gehienen justiziabilitatea. Eta ez hori bakarrik; gainera, oinarrizko eskubideak Auzitegi Konstituzionalean bermatzeko espresuki eraturiko auzibidetik kanpo uzten ditu, hots, babes-errekurtsotik kanpo. Eskubide sozialen degradazio hori, ohikoa Zuzenbide Konparatuan, saihestu izan da, auzitegi nazional eta nazioarteko askotan, eskubideoi zeharkako babesa ematen dieten estrategien bitartez. Ildo horretan, gaurko azterlan honen xedea da babes-errekurtsoetan ezarritako jurisprudentzia konstituzionala analizatzea, ikusteko zer neurritaraino baliatu den Auzitegi Konstituzionala estrategia horietaz Konstituzioak aitortzen dituen eskubide sozial gehienak babes-errekurtsoek eskaintzen duten aterpetik kanpo uzteko joerari aurre egiteko. RESUMEN: A pesar de que la Constitución española reconoce un importante elenco de derechos sociales, el juego de su artículo 53 les excluye de los principales mecanismos de garantía de los derechos fundamentales. Este precepto no sólo pone en duda la justiciabilidad de la mayoría de los derechos sociales, sino que les excluye de la vía procesal específicamente pensada para garantizar los derechos fundamentales ante el Tribunal Constitucional: el recurso de amparo. Esta degradación de los derechos sociales, habitual en Derecho comparado, ha sido salvada por muchos tribunales nacionales e internacionales utilizando estrategias de protección indirecta de estos derechos. En esta línea, el objeto del presente trabajo es analizar la jurisprudencia constitucional sentada en recursos de amparo a fin de identificar en qué medida el Tribunal Constitucional ha hecho uso de esas estrategias para paliar la exclusión de la mayoría de los derechos sociales reconocidos en la Constitución de la protección que otorga el amparo. ABSTRACT: Although the Spanish Constitution recognizes a remarkable cast of social rights, its article 53 excludes these rights from the mechanisms built to guarantee the protection of constitutional rights. Article 53 brings into question the justiciability of most of the social rights recognized in the Spanish Constitution and deprives most of them from the protection granted by the recurso de amparo, the procedural safeguard specifically designed to protect fundamental rights in case of individual violations before the Spanish Constitutional Court. However, this situation is not so atipical as many other national and international courts face this sort of limits by developing a creative case law in order to protect social rights even when the national constitution or the international treaty they interpretate do not expressly recognize these rights. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to analyse the Spanish Constitutional Court’s case law as to determine to what extent it has made use of the indirect strategies to ensure the justiciability of social rights that other courts have already used.

scholarly journals [MANIFESTATIONS OF MERCY IN THE SOCIAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE AND COMPARISON WITH WESTERN CIVILIZATIONS] مظاهر الرحمة في الحقوق الاجتماعية للمرأة من منظور إسلامي ومقارنتها بالحضارات الغربية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Afaf Salman ◽  
Wan Mohd Yusof Wan Chik ◽  
Faruk Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Women ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

The study aimed to shed light on the manifestations of mercy in women's social rights in Islam and see the situation of women in ancient civilizations. This study belongs to the pattern of studies estimating the situation based on the analytical inductive approach. It is one of the most important methods of scientific research, and the inductive approach relies on scientific observation, whereby texts and opinions related to the social rights of women are traced and then analyzed and inferring aspects of mercy in them in order to reach a complete perception of this study. The results of the study showed that the Islamic religion is the only one that strengthened the position of women, honored them, and gave them all their rights completely in a way that suits her natural fit compared to the situation of women in other civilizations. The researcher concluded that compassion is a basic principle with all the meanings of charity and softness away from the hardship in our true religion. The features of mercy were represented by the woman’s sense of psychological comfort and her sense of being and existence, giving her the right to self-determination like the right to choose a husband. These rights are based on stability and harmony, which contribute to the family achieving its goals. The study reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is the definition of the landmarks of mercy in all areas related to women in our true religion, holding international conferences and symposia to be a tool for advocating the religion of God and working to make Muslim women aware of their rights and duties by educating spouses and everyone who is about to build a family in order to build informed and healthy Islamic societies, and activating the role of Muslim women and protecting their rights from being swept away in the current of Western culture                                                                                                              هدفت الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على مظاهر الرحمة  في الحقوق الاجتماعية المرأة في الإسلام والاطلاع على وضع المرأة في الحضارات القديمة، حيث تنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى نمط الدراسات تقدير الموقف بالاعتماد على المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وهو منهج من أهم مناهج البحث العلمي، ويعتمد المنهج الاستقرائي على الملاحظة العلمية، حيث يتم تتبع النصوص والآراء المتعلقة بالحقوق الاجتماعية للمرأة ومن ثم تحليلها واستنتاج مظاهر الرحمة فيها للوصول إلى تصور كلي لهذه الدراسة، حيث أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الدين الإسلامي هو الوحيد الذي عزز مكانة المرأة وأكرمها وأعطاها كافة حقوقها غير منقوصة بما يلائم فطرتها الطبيعية مقارنة مع وضع المرأة في الحضارات الأخرى، وتوصلت الباحثة إلى أن  الرحمة هو مبدأ رئيس بكل ما تحتوي من معاني الإحسان واللين بعيدا عن المشقة في ديننا الحنيف، وتمثلت معالم الرحمة من خلال شعور المرأة بالراحة النفسية وإحساسها بكيانها ووجودها، وإعطائها الحق في تقرير مصيرها مثل الحق في اختيار الزوج، فهذه الحقوق تؤسس إلى الاستقرار والانسجام مما يساهم في تحقيق الأسرة لأهدافها، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات من أبرزها التعريف بمعالم الرحمة في جميع المجالات والمتعلقة بالمرأة في ديننا الحنيف، وعقد المؤتمرات والندوات الدولية لتكـون أداة مـن أدوات الدعوة إلى دين الله والعمل على توعية المرأة المسلمة بحقوقها وواجباتها وذلك بتوعية الزوجين ولكل من هو مقبل على بناء أسرة من أجل بناء مجتمعات إسلامية واعية وصحية، وتفعيل دور المرأة المسلمة وحماية حقوقها من الانجراف في تـيار الثقافة الغربية.

A Study on the Social Rights of Female-Headed Single Parent with a Focus on the Right to Work and Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-115
Author(s):  
Soo Jung Jang ◽  
Kyungheun Baek ◽  
Byoung-Inn Kim ◽  
Hyejung Lee ◽  
Jin Bhang Oh
Keyword(s):  
Single Parent ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right
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