Making Large-Scale Population-Level Implementation Work

2017 ◽  
pp. 357-358
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
P System ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Parenting Support ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Scale Population

The successful large-scale implementation of the Triple P system of evidence-based parenting support requires a comprehensive implementation framework based on principles of implementation science to ensure programs can be scaled and deployed with fidelity. This section provides an overview of a range of factors that might influence the scalability of an intervention. Chapters outlining the Triple P Implementation Framework and system for training and accrediting professionals are discussed. However, any population-based approach needs a strong communications campaign to ensure that parents are aware of the programs, have a pathway to access the program, and are motivated to do so. Having reliable and valid measurement tools to assess outcomes at a population level is particularly important to ensure that policy-driven investments in parenting are achieved. Finally, an innovative model of clinical supervision using peer mentoring is discussed as a way of promoting competent program use.

The Power of Positive Parenting

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Positive Parenting ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
P System ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Parenting Support

The single most important thing we can do as a society to positively transform the lives of children and prevent social, emotional, and behavioral problems and child maltreatment is to increase the knowledge, skills, and confidence of parents in the task of raising children at a whole-of-population level. This book provides an in-depth description of a comprehensive population-based approach to enhancing competent parenting known as the Triple P—Positive Parenting Program. Delivered as a multilevel system of intervention within a public health framework, Triple P represents a paradigm shift in how parenting support is provided. The Power of Positive Parenting is structured in eight sections that address every aspect of the Triple P system, including (a) the foundations and an overview of the approach; (b) how the system can be applied to a diverse range of child presentations; (c) the theoretical and practical issues involved in working with different types of parents and caregivers; (d) the importance of, and how parenting support can be provided in, a range of delivery contexts; (e) how the system can respond to and embrace cultural diversity of families everywhere; (f) the strategies needed to make large-scale, population-level implementation of the system succeed; (g) lessons learned from real-world applications of the full multilevel approach to parenting support at a population level; and (h) future directions and how further program development and innovation can be supported for this approach to reach its full potential in positively transforming the lives of all children, parents, and communities.

Learnings from Large-Scale, Population-Level Implementation of Parenting Support

2017 ◽  
pp. 419-421
Author(s):  
Trevor G. Mazzucchelli
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parenting Support ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
The Many ◽  
Learning Principles

There is considerable evidence supporting the efficacy and effectiveness of parenting interventions based on social learning principles for a range of social, emotional, and health problems, involving different types of families and through a variety of delivery systems. The challenge now is “going to scale” in order to have a positive impact at a population level. This chapter introduces three best practice exemplars that have taken place in the United States, Ireland, and Australia, where a full multilevel systems approach to parenting support has been applied and evaluated. These applications provide important lessons regarding the barriers and facilitators that can influence an initiative’s success and degree of impact. By illustrating how these approaches have involved different populations, behavioral targets, evaluation designs, and means of assessing outcome, they also hint at the many possibilities that are available in future dissemination efforts.

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: A link between appendectomy and gastrointestinal cancers: a large-scale population-based cohort study in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn Young Park ◽  
Kil‑yong Lee ◽  
Seong Taek Oh ◽  
Sang Hyun Park ◽  
Kyung Do Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Scale Population

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

scholarly journals Maternal adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China: a large-scale population-based cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danmeng Liu ◽  
Yue Cheng ◽  
Shaonong Dang ◽  
Duolao Wang ◽  
Yaling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Micronutrient Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Population

ObjectivesTo report the situation of maternal micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China and to examine the rates of and factors related to the adherence to micronutrient supplementation among pregnant women in this region, where dietary micronutrient intake is commonly insufficient.DesignA large-scale population-based cross-sectional survey.SettingTwenty counties and ten districts of Shaanxi Province.ParticipantsA sample of 30 027 women were selected using a stratified multistage random sampling method. A total of 28 678 women were chosen for the final analysis after excluding those who did not provide clear information about nutritional supplementation before and during pregnancy.Main outcome measuresMaternal adherence to micronutrient supplementation (high and low) were the outcomes. They were determined by the start time and duration of use according to Chinese guidelines (for folic acid (FA) supplements) and WHO recommendations (for iron, calcium and multiple-micronutrient (MMN) supplements).ResultsIn total, 83.9% of women took at least one kind of micronutrient supplement before or during pregnancy. FA (67.6%) and calcium (57.5%) were the primarily used micronutrient supplements; few participants used MMN (14.0%) or iron (5.4%). Adherence to supplementation of all micronutrients was low (7.4% for FA, 0.6% for iron, 11.7% for calcium and 2.7% for MMN). Higher educational levels, higher income levels, urban residence and better antenatal care (including pregnancy consultation and a higher frequency of antenatal visits) were associated with high adherence to micronutrient supplementation.ConclusionMaternal micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China was way below standards recommended by the Chinese guidelines or WHO. Targeted health education and future nutritional guidelines are suggested to improve this situation, especially in pregnant women with disadvantaged sociodemographic conditions.

scholarly journals Use, awareness and willingness to self-test for HIV: An analysis of cross-sectional population-based surveys in Malawi and Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Case Johnson ◽  
Melissa Neuman ◽  
Peter MacPherson ◽  
Augustine Choko ◽  
Caitlin Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Test ◽  
Result Analysis

Abstract Background Many southern African countries are nearing the global goal to diagnose 90% of people with HIV by 2020. In 2016, 84% and 86% of people with HIV knew their status in Malawi and Zimbabwe respectively. Despite this progress, gaps remain, particularly among men (≥25 years). We investigated awareness, use and willingness to HIV self-test (HIVST) prior to large scale implementation and explored sociodemographic associations. Methods We pooled responses from two of the first cross-sectional Demographic Health Surveys to include HIVST questions: Malawi and Zimbabwe in 2015-16. Sociodemographic factors and sexual risk behaviours associated with previously testing for HIV, and awareness, past use and future willingness to self-test were investigated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for the sample design and limiting analysis to participants with completed questionnaire and a valid HIV result. Analysis of willingness to self-test was restricted to Zimbabwean men, as Malawians and women were not asked this question. Results Of 31 385 individuals, the proportion never-tested was higher for men (31.2%) than women (16.5%), p<0.001. For men, having ever tested increased with age. Past use and awareness of HIVST was very low, 1.2% and 12.6% respectively. Awareness was lower among women than men (9.1% vs 15.3%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37-1.75), and at younger ages, and lower education and literacy levels. Willingness to self-test among Zimbabwean men was high (84.5%), with having previously tested for HIV, high sexual risk, and being ≥25 years associated with greater willingness. Wealthier men had greater awareness of HIVST than poorer men (p<0.001). Men at higher HIV-related sexual risk, compared to men at lower HIV-related sexual risk, had the greatest willingness to self-test (aOR=3.74; 95%CI: 1.39-10.03, p<0.009).Conclusions In 2015-16 many Malawian and Zimbabwean men had never tested for HIV. Despite low awareness and minimal HIVST experience at that time, willingness to self-test was high among Zimbabwean men, especially in older men with moderate to high HIV-related sexual risk. These data provide a valuable baseline against which to investigate population-level uptake of HIVST as programmes scale-up. Programmes introducing, or planning to introduce HIVST, should consider including questions in population-based surveys.

Intolerance to environmental chemicals and sounds in irritable bowel syndrome: Explained by central sensitization?

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1367-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea Ståhlberg ◽  
Eva Palmquist ◽  
Steven Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Behavioral Disruptions

This study tested the hypotheses of irritable bowel syndrome showing (1) comorbidity with chemical and sound intolerance, other types of functionally somatic syndromes, and psychiatric disorders and (2) stronger than normal affective reactions to and behavioral disruptions from odorous/pungent chemicals and sounds in daily life. These hypotheses were tested by means of data from a large-scale population-based questionnaire study. The results showed comorbidity in irritable bowel syndrome with chemical and sound intolerance, fibromyalgia, migraine, post-traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic syndrome, and depression as well as strong reactions/disruptions from odorous/pungent chemicals and sounds in irritable bowel syndrome.

scholarly journals Combined effects of host genetics and diet on human gut microbiota and incident disease in a single population cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youwen Qin ◽  
Aki S Havulinna ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Pekka Jousilahti ◽  
Scott C Ritchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Disease Analysis

Co-evolution between humans and the microbial communities colonizing them has resulted in an intimate assembly of thousands of microbial species mutualistically living on and in their body and impacting multiple aspects of host physiology and health. Several studies examining whether human genetic variation can affect gut microbiota suggest a complex combination of environmental and host factors. Here, we leverage a single large-scale population-based cohort of 5,959 genotyped individuals with matched gut microbial shotgun metagenomes, dietary information and health records up to 16 years post-sampling, to characterize human genetic variations associated with microbial abundances, and predict possible causal links with various diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 583 independent SNP-taxon associations at genome-wide significance (p<5.0×10-8), which included notable strong associations with LCT (p=5.02×10-35), ABO (p=1.1×10-12), and MED13L (p=1.84×10-12). A combination of genetics and dietary habits was shown to strongly shape the abundances of certain key bacterial members of the gut microbiota, and explain their genetic association. Genetic effects from the LCT locus on Bifidobacterium and three other associated taxa significantly differed according to dairy intake. Variation in mucin-degrading Faecalicatena lactaris abundances were associated with ABO, highlighting a preferential utilization of secreted A/B/AB-antigens as energy source in the gut, irrespectively of fibre intake. Enterococcus faecalis levels showed a robust association with a variant in MED13L, with putative links to colorectal cancer. Finally, we identified putative causal relationships between gut microbes and complex diseases using MR, with a predicted effect of Morganella on major depressive disorder that was consistent with observational incident disease analysis. Overall, we present striking examples of the intricate relationship between humans and their gut microbial communities, and highlight important health implications.

Delivering evidence-based parenting support in educational settings

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanders ◽  
Karyn L. Healy ◽  
Julie Hodges ◽  
Grace Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
P System ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Parenting Support

Abstract Parent-child relationships influence learning throughout a child’s formal schooling and beyond. The quality of parenting children receive has a major influence on their learning and developmental capabilities. Parental influence is important in the early years of life and extends throughout a child’s schooling. Parenting has a pervasive influence on children’s language and communication, executive functions and self-regulation, social and peer relationships, academic attainment, general behaviour and enjoyment of school. Schools can further enhance educational outcomes for students by developing the resources and expertise needed to engage parents as partners in learning. This can be achieved by delivering and facilitating access to a comprehensive system of high-quality, culturally informed, evidence-based parenting support programs. In this article, recent developments in the Triple P system of parenting support are used to illustrate how schools can develop a low-cost, comprehensive, high-quality parenting support strategy that blends universal components with targeted components for more vulnerable children. We identify potential organisational and logistical barriers to implementing parenting support programs and ways to address these.

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