Harming Civilians or Prisoners

2018 ◽  
pp. 161-180
Author(s):  
Bruce P. Dohrenwend ◽  
Thomas J. Yager ◽  
Roberto Lewis-Fernández ◽  
Ben G. Adams ◽  
Nick Turse
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Personal Involvement

This chapter uses responses to direct, closed questions about personal involvement to identify 12.8% of veterans as harmers. It examines qualitative information to compare self-identified harmers of civilians or prisoners with other veterans. It investigates the qualitative data to discover the specific circumstances in which this type of harm took place. It suggests that harm to prisoners may usually have occurred following attacks on clearly identifiable enemy forces. In contrast, many incidents of harm to civilians appear to have occurred in attempts by U.S. forces to implement the policy of clearing the population from areas considered to be under enemy control. Other than their much more severe combat exposure, this analysis reveals very few characteristics of the harmers that differentiated them from those not directly involved in inflicting such harm. The harmers themselves tend to suffer from persistent guilt and anger.

When More Is Less: Integrating Qualitative Information and Boolean Statistics

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bear F. Braumoeller ◽  
Yevgeniy Kirpichevsky
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Data Generating Process

Gordon and Smith (2004) do a great service by introducing innovative and creative quantitative methods that incorporate information from qualitative sources. It is nevertheless important to examine the conditions under which the proposed estimators will be useful in practice. These conditions prove to be surprisingly restrictive: with the possible exception of extremely low-information settings, virtually all of the cases of discernible causation must be coded as such, those codings must contain virtually no errors, and the process by which qualitative researchers produce evaluations of discernibility must conform to the authors' model of the qualitative data-generating process (QDGP) if the procedures are to retain any comparative advantage.

Visualiseren van sociale netwerken op basis van kwalitatieve bronnen

KWALON ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem-Jan Verhoeven ◽  
Jasper Bik
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Organize Crime ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Criminal Network ◽  
Social Science Researcher

Visualizing social networks using qualitative data Visualizing social networks using qualitative data Studying co-offending and group crime has contributed to our understanding of crime. Co-offending and group crime are studied through the analyses of social ties between offenders. Qualitative information on social ties is needed to get more insight in the ways offenders organize crime together. This contribution shows how sociograms of a criminal network can be constructed using qualitative information on social ties derived from court rulings and two journalistic books. Strengths and limitations are discussed and it is argued that a sociogram is a valuable instrument in the toolbox of a (qualitative) social science researcher interested in studying social ties.

scholarly journals Judging extreme forgivers: How victims are perceived when they forgive the unforgivable

2021 ◽  
pp. 026975802110280
Author(s):  
Judy Eaton ◽  
Jenniffer Olenewa ◽  
Cole Norton
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Personal Involvement

When one individual commits a transgression or aggressive act against another, third parties often have expectations about how the victim should respond, even when they do not have any personal involvement in the event. When their justice expectations are violated, such as when a victim forgives the offender for an act that third parties deem too heinous to forgive, third parties may react in a way that is critical of the victim. This research examines how third-party observers react when victims forgive seemingly ‘unforgivable’ offences. Study 1, a scenario-based experiment, showed that although third parties were not directly critical of a forgiving victim, they did not agree with the decision to forgive. Study 2 replicated these findings and explored in more depth third parties’ justice-related feelings about the transgression and the victim, using both quantitative and qualitative data. Results suggest that although third parties are reluctant to directly criticize ‘extreme’ forgivers, they are not supportive of their decision to forgive. This could have implications for victims, who may interpret this disagreement with their choice as a lack of support.

scholarly journals Visualizing Qualitative Information

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Sloane
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Effective Visualization

The abundance of qualitative data in today's society and the need to easily scrutinize, digest, and share this information calls for effective visualization and analysis tools. Yet, no existing qualitative tools have the analytic power, visual effectiveness, and universality of familiar quantitative instruments like bar charts, scatter-plots, and pie charts. Amid a discussion of the need for more powerful qualitative analysis and visualization tools, this article presents a device that takes us toward better representations of qualitative results.

scholarly journals Integrasi Unsur Spiritualitas Dalam Prinsip Good Cooperative Governance: Revitalisasi Nilai Koperasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Fitri Nur Rilah ◽  
Nur Indah Riwajanti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Fishbone Diagram ◽  
Cooperative Governance

The aim of this research was to examine the integration of spirituality element in Good Cooperative Governance (GCG) priciples. This was a qualitative post-modernist research. The research was conducted in one of small towns in East Java often called ‘Kota Santri/Islamic Student City’, namely Pasuruan City. The informants in this research were Head of Empowerment Section and Head of Institutional Section in Department of Cooperative and SMEs of Pasuruan; Cooperative Board and Manager in one of the cooperative in Pasuruan. Data collection was conducted with in-depth interview. The data used was primary data as qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used as analysis technique. The qualitative information was coded (translated) into qualitative data; followed by arrangement of pattern/theme; then encoding process (classifying pattern/theme into the relationships between categories); defining and describing the categories; and the last conclusion drawing. The result indicates that GCG has the uniqueness that enables its principles integrated of spirituality element.  The essence of the spirituality value is cooperative values and its embodiment as an effort to revitalyze the cooperative values. The finding of this research was Fishbone Diagram of Spirituality Values on GCG Principles

scholarly journals Sustainability of the Healthy Municipalities Strategy in Guatemala

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jorge Laureano-Eugenio ◽  
Raúl Otoniel Gómez-Rodríguez ◽  
Jhunny Tasejo-Corzantes ◽  
Augusto Silvestre Ramírez ◽  
Rosa María Pretell Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
Support Decision Making

Objective. Evaluate the sustainability of the Healthy Municipalities strategy in Guatemala in order to have solid evidence to support decision-making. Methods. A concurrent mixed-methods study was carried out in five phases: 1) theoretical-conceptual (based on a narrative review of the literature on sustainability, dimensions and categories were proposed for evaluation); 2) empirical (four municipalities were selected for convenience and 29 semi-structured interviews and four focus groups were conducted with key actors to explore sustainability; with this information, a score was assigned to each category and dimension); 3) analytical, by category and dimension (content analysis was performed for qualitative information, and totals and averages were calculated for quantitative information); 4) integrative (qualitative data were integrated into matrices by category and dimension, and quantitative data were supported by qualitative information); and 5) meta-inference (consideration was given to the context and its influence on the results). Results. Ninety-two (92) informants participated. In operational terms, progress was observed in the transfer and use of results, and in rotations in leadership. In the legal and political sphere, accountability and local planning were highlighted. In the economic sphere, progressive investment in health, water and sanitation was emphasized, as well as insufficient investment in social determinants of health. In the social sphere, few mechanisms were observed to promote and strengthen social participation. Conclusions. In the municipalities that participated in the study, a fair level of sustainability was observed in the Healthy Municipalities strategy.

scholarly journals A Mixed-Method Examination of Adopting Focus-on-Form TBLT for Children’s English Vocabulary Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Zih-ying Lu ◽  
Sa-hui Fan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Focus On Form ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Teacher Researcher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
L2 Vocabulary ◽  
Class Interaction ◽  
Experimental Group

This study investigated the influence of focus-on-form task-based language teaching (TBLT) on Taiwanese children’s English vocabulary acquisition and retention. Focus-on-form TBLT here refers to instruction in which the teacher and students interact, negotiate, and respond to each other on the subject of a second language (L2) vocabulary. The participants (N = 71) were all enrolled in the third grade of a central Taiwan elementary school. The experimental group (N = 42) received TBLT lessons with a focus on form. In contrast, the control group (N = 29) received more conventional lessons based on the presentation-practice-production (PPP) model. Quantitative data were collected from three vocabulary tests. Qualitative data were gleaned from the teacher/researcher’s journal logs. Although the statistical comparisons showed no significant differences between the two groups in the three VKS tests, the qualitative data suggest that students in the two groups responded differently in terms of their in-class interaction and personal involvement. It seems that interaction and output production induced in the experimental group possibly facilitated the comprehension and acquisition of L2 vocabulary. The study also provides pedagogical implications for implementing TBLT with a focus on form to increase the retention of L2 vocabulary.

scholarly journals Visual Inspection of Sequential Data: A Research Instrument for Qualitative Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa AlDahdouh
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Hierarchical Tree ◽  
Learning Patterns ◽  
New Instrument

Sequence analysis has been widely used to investigate the patterns of similarities and differences of sequential data in biology and sociology. However, the debate on the usage of sequence analysis in social sciences has not been settled yet. Among a long list, sequence analysis methods have been criticized for ignoring the qualitative information behind the sequences. This paper presents a new instrument for inspecting sequential data visually in qualitative studies. The method includes building a hierarchical tree of relations among the categories which is then used to recode the categories systematically. The recoding process is meant to give meaning to the differences among categories and, therefore, increases our ability to see the differences. The instrument is a fruit of a qualitative study carried out to explore student’s learning patterns. The focus in this paper will be on the algorithm of recoding the categories and how the emergent codes can be plotted to generate insights for further qualitative investigation.

Qualitative Examination of Children's Naming Skills through Test Adaptations

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Fried-Oken
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
Expressive Vocabulary ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Word Finding ◽  
Confrontation Naming ◽  
Naming Test

A new procedure entitled the Double Administration Naming Technique is proposed to assist the clinician in obtaining qualitative information about a client's visual confrontation naming skills. It involves the administration of the standard naming test followed by a readministration of the instrument. A series of naming cues then are presented. By examining the number and types of naming errors produced during the two test presentations, the clinician distinguishes word-finding problems from expressive vocabulary limitations and qualitatively describes the language disorder. The cues that facilitate correct naming are used to plan effective treatment goals.

Cultural Awareness of Students in Communication Sciences and Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1231-1242
Author(s):  
Celeste Domsch ◽  
Lori Stiritz ◽  
Jay Huff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study

Purpose This study used a mixed-methods design to assess changes in students' cultural awareness during and following a short-term study abroad. Method Thirty-six undergraduate and graduate students participated in a 2-week study abroad to England during the summers of 2016 and 2017. Quantitative data were collected using standardized self-report measures administered prior to departure and after returning to the United States and were analyzed using paired-samples t tests. Qualitative data were collected in the form of daily journal reflections during the trip and interviews after returning to the United States and analyzed using phenomenological methods. Results No statistically significant changes were evident on any standardized self-report measures once corrections for multiple t tests were applied. In addition, a ceiling effect was found on one measure. On the qualitative measures, themes from student transcripts included increased global awareness and a sense of personal growth. Conclusions Measuring cultural awareness poses many challenges. One is that social desirability bias may influence responses. A second is that current measures of cultural competence may exhibit ceiling or floor effects. Analysis of qualitative data may be more useful in examining effects of participation in a short-term study abroad, which appears to result in decreased ethnocentrism and increased global awareness in communication sciences and disorders students. Future work may wish to consider the long-term effects of participation in a study abroad for emerging professionals in the field.

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