Guidelines for the pre-conception period

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sir Peter Gluckman ◽  
Mark Hanson ◽  
Chong Yap Seng ◽  
Anne Bardsley
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

Where possible, pre-conception counselling is desirable for both prospective parents in order to address issues of lifestyle and nutrition so that pregnancy can proceed with the best possible start. If dieting is necessary this should be initiated as far in advance of the pregnancy as possible, because inadequate nutrition around the time of conception can influence the fetal growth trajectory and weight at birth. Regardless of BMI, women should also be encouraged to engage in regular aerobic exercise. Nutritional requirements in the pre-conception period include adequate amounts of oily fish to provide omega-3 fatty acids. All women planning a pregnancy should receive 400 #amp;#x00B5;g of folic acid daily, and vitamin B12 and vitamin D supplementation may be necessary, particular for vegetarians. Other vitamins and minerals should be considered, particularly iron and iodine, but most should be obtainable from a balanced diet. Harmful behaviours and environmental exposures should be avoided.

Vitamin D supplements and marine omega-3 fatty acids and development of advanced cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1510-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulette Chandler ◽  
Wendy Y. Chen ◽  
Oluremi Ajala ◽  
Aditi Hazra ◽  
Nancy Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
Factorial Trial ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

1510 Background: Epidemiologic data suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce cancer mortality. We tested whether vitamin D and/or omega-3 supplementation reduces the incidence of advanced stage cancer at diagnosis or lethal cancer, and whether body mass index (BMI) modifies these associations. Methods: The VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) is a randomized, placebo-controlled, 2x2 factorial trial of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, 2000 IU/day) and marine omega-3 fatty acids (1 g/day) that enrolled men aged ≥50 years and women aged ≥55 years free of cancer and cardiovascular disease at baseline. For this particular analysis, the primary outcome is a composite of metastatic and fatal invasive total cancer. Secondary analyses included examination of BMI (<25, 25-<30, and >= 30 kg/m2) as effect modifiers of the observed associations. Results: VITAL randomized 25,871 participants, among whom 1,617 were diagnosed with invasive cancer over a median 5.3 year intervention period. No significant differences by treatment arm (vitamin D vs placebo: hazard ratio [HR]=0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.06; p=0.47; omega-3 vs placebo; HR 1.03 [0.93-1.13]; p=0.56) were observed. However, a significant reduction in advanced cancers (metastatic or fatal) was found for those randomized to vitamin D, compared to placebo (226 assigned to vitamin D and 274 to placebo; HR 0.83 [0.69-0.99]; p=0.036). There was no difference by omega-3 assignment (246 assigned to omega-3 and 254 to placebo: HR 0.97 [0.81-1.15], p=0.72). When stratified by BMI, there was a significant reduction for the vitamin D arm in incident metastatic or fatal cancer among those with normal BMI (BMI<25: HR 0.62 [0.45-0.86], but not among those who were overweight or obese (BMI 25-<30: HR 0.89 [0.68-1.17]; BMI >=30: HR 1.05 [0.74-1.49]); p for interaction by BMI =0.03. There was no effect modification by BMI noted for the omega 3 arm. Conclusions: In a randomized clinical trial, supplementation with vitamin D, but not omega-3s, reduced incidence of advanced (metastatic or fatal) cancer in the overall cohort, with strongest risk reduction in normal weight individuals. Further research is needed to understand these findings. Clinical trial information: NCT01169259.

Atopy Risk in Infants and Children in Relation to Early Exposure to Fish, Oily Fish, or Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Systematic Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lefkothea-Stella Kremmyda ◽  
Maria Vlachava ◽  
Paul S. Noakes ◽  
Norma D. Diaper ◽  
Elizabeth A. Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
In Infants And Children ◽  
Long Chain

Increased intake of vitamin B12, folate, and omega-3 fatty acids to improve cognitive performance in offspring born to rats with induced hypertension during pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 3872-3883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Kemse ◽  
Anvita Kale ◽  
Preeti Chavan-Gautam ◽  
Sadhana Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Induced Hypertension

Vitamin B12, folic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid levels are reported to be altered in women with preeclampsia.

Maternal micronutrients (folic acid and vitamin B12) and omega 3 fatty acids: Implications for neurodevelopmental risk in the rat offspring

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchitra Roy ◽  
Anvita Kale ◽  
Kamini Dangat ◽  
Pratiksha Sable ◽  
Asmita Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Rat Offspring

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin D Decrease Plasma T-tau, GFAP, and UCH-L1 in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 924-924
Author(s):  
Angus Scrimgeour ◽  
Michelle Condlin ◽  
Andrei Loban ◽  
James DeMar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Voluntary Running ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
T Tau

Abstract Objectives Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in neuronal, axonal and glial damage. Interventions targeting neuroinflammation to enhance recovery from TBI are needed. Exercise is known to improve cognitive function in TBI patients. Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D reportedly reduce inflammation, and in combination, might improve TBI outcomes. This study examined how an anti-inflammatory diet affected plasma TBI biomarkers, voluntary exercise and behavior following exposure to mild TBI (mTBI). Methods Adult, male rats were individually housed in cages fitted with voluntary running wheels and daily running distance was recorded during the study. A modified weight drop method induced mTBI, and during 30 days post-injury, rats were fed diets supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D3 (AIDM diet), or non-supplemented AIN-76A diets (CON diet). Behavioral tests were periodically conducted to assess functional deficits. Plasma levels of Total tau (T-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) were measured at 48 h, 14 d and 30 d post-injury. Fatty acid composition of food, plasma and brain tissues was determined. Results In rats exposed to mTBI, NF-L levels were significantly elevated at 48 h post-injury (P &lt; 0.005), and decreased to levels seen in uninjured rats by 14 d post-injury. T-tau, GFAP and UCH-L1 plasma levels did not change at 48 h or 14 d post-injury. However, at 30 d post-injury, T-tau, GFAP and UCH-L1 all significantly increased in rats exposed to mTBI and fed CON diets (P &lt; 0.005), but not in rats fed AIDM diets. Behavioral tests conducted post-injury showed that exercise counteracted cognitive deficits associated with mTBI. The AIDM diets significantly increased docosahexaenoic acid levels in plasma and brain tissue (P &lt; 0.05), and in serum levels of vitamin D (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions The anti-inflammatory diet significantly altered the temporal profiles of plasma T-tau, GFAP and UCH-L1 following mTBI. Voluntary running exercise protected against mTBI-induced cognitive deficits, but had no impact on plasma levels of neurotrauma biomarkers. Thus the prophylactic effect of exercise, when combined with an anti-inflammatory diet, may facilitate recovery in patients with mTBI. Funding Sources U.S. Army MRDC.

scholarly journals ANTICOID PRODUCTS FROM AQUATIC BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Elena Kharenko ◽  
Anna Sopina
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

The formation of collective immunity, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, is directly related to the state of health of each member of the community, therefore, taking care of the health of citizens becomes one of the priority tasks of any state. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D, essentially being a hormone D, strengthens the innate immunity associated with the exchange of zinc in the human body, which, in turn, affects the replication of viruses and accel-erates their excretion. Omega-3 fatty acids have a wide spectrum of biological activity, includ-ing in the treatment of inflammatory processes of various etiologies.

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