Presenting Medical Statistics from Proposal to Publication

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. Peacock ◽  
Sally M. Kerry ◽  
Raymond R. Balise
Keyword(s):  
Journal Article ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Medical Statistics ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sample Size Calculations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk

Presenting Medical Statistics from Proposal to Publication (second edition) aims to show readers how to conduct a wide range of statistical analyses from sample size calculations through to multifactorial regressions that are needed in the research process. The second edition of ‘Presenting’ has been revised and updated and now includes Stata, SAS, SPSS, and R. The book shows how to interpret each computer output and illustrates how to present the results and accompanying text in a format suitable for a peer-reviewed journal article or research report. All analyses are illustrated using real data and all programming code, outputs, and datasets used in the book are available on a website for readers to freely download and use. ‘Presenting’ includes practical information and helpful tips for software, all statistical methods used, and the research process. It is written by three experienced biostatisticians, Janet Peacock, Sally Kerry, and Ray Balise from the UK and the USA, and is born out of their extensive experience conducting collaborative medical research, teaching medical students, physicians, and other health professionals, and providing researchers with advice.

Presenting Medical Statistics from Proposal to Publication

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Peacock ◽  
Sally Kerry
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Medical Statistics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Good Presentation

Presenting Medical Statistics includes a wide range of statistical analyses, and all the statistical methods are illustrated using real data. Labelled figures show the Stata and SPSS commands needed to obtain the analyses, with indications of which information should be extracted from the output for reporting. The relevant results are then presented as for a report or journal article, to illustrate the principles of good presentation.

Representations of Greek Tragedy in Ancient Pottery: a Theatrical Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Christian M. Billing
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Ancient Pottery ◽  
South Italy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, Christian M. Billing considers the relationship between representations of mythic narratives found on ancient pottery (primarily found at sites relating to the Greek colonies of south Italy in the fourth century BC, but also to certain vases found in Attica) and the tragic theatre of the fifth century BC. The author argues against the current resurgence in critical accounts that seek to connect such ceramics directly to performance of tragedies by the major tragedians: Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. Using five significant examples of what he considers to be errors of method in recent philologically inspired accounts of ancient pottery, Billing argues for a more nuanced approach to the interpretation of such artefacts – one that moves beyond an understanding of literary texts and art history towards a more performance-conscious approach, while also acknowledging that a multiplicity of spheres of artistic influence, drawn from a variety of artistic media, operated in the production and reception of such artefacts. Christian M. Billing is an academic and theatre practitioner working in the fields of ancient Athenian and early modern English and European drama. He has extensive experience as a director, designer, and actor, and has taught at a number of universities in the UK and the USA. He is currently Lecturer in Drama at the University of Hull.

Sellafield Decommissioning Programme: Progress Update

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Challinor
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Step Change ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
The Uk

In 1999 the UK government announced a step change in the strategy for the delivery of the UK civil nuclear clean-up programme. BNFL has responded to the Governments announcement by changing the strategic direction and increasing the priority on remediation activities across the Company. BNFL has extensive experience in decommissioning nuclear facilities having undertaken remediation and decommissioning operations on BNFL sites for many years, encompassing a wide range of projects including reactors, fuel cycle plants and Research and Development facilities. This paper describes the challenges posed by, and the progress made, on some of the range of decommissioning projects undertaken on the Sellafield site as part of its decommissioning and remediation portfolio. These decommissioning operations cover a variety of redundant fuel cycle facilities ranging in size and complexity in both beta gamma and alpha contamination environments utilising manual and remote decommissioning techniques to systematically and progressively reduce the hazard on the site.

The Benefits of Cementitious Encapsulation Matrices for the Conditioning of Intermediate Level Waste

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Guppy ◽  
S. P. Vines ◽  
S. J. Wisbey
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Level ◽  
Interim Storage

The UK has significant quantities of radioactive waste, which have arisen over the past fifty years or so, largely as a result of nuclear power, reprocessing and defence programmes. The intermediate level wastes arising as a result of these activities, exhibit a high level of physical and chemical diversity, and must be managed safely in a way that protects existing and future generations and the environment. Development work has been conducted since the early 1980s to identify suitable conditioning materials and techniques that are compatible with the needs of safe long-term management, including interim storage, transport and future deep geological disposal. From these studies cementation emerged as the one medium which could satisfy all the key waste management criteria. Other materials were not ruled out and may offer benefits in specific applications. The advantages of conditioning ILW with cement include: • the extensive experience of its use in a wide variety of contexts; • the raw materials are relatively cheap and have a long shelf life; • cement is processed in relatively simple plant at room temperature, with safety and cost benefits for plant operators; • the product is fire resistant and of relatively low toxicity; • cement is capable of immobilising a wide range of wastes ranging from solids to aqueous slurries; • cement provides desirable product properties. Desirable properties include: • suitable strength, • chemical control of radionuclide leading to enhanced retention, • good corrosion protection for steels, • low permeability, • tolerance to radiation, • durability over extended timescales, and • good radiation self-shielding properties. Several waste packaging plants are now operational in the UK using cement-based encapsulants. These are currently conditioning ILW for interim storage, in a manner suitable for future transport and compatible with the Nirex phased deep disposal concept. This paper will describe the development of cement-based encapsulants to meet the needs of UK radioactive wastes, and will provide examples of the supporting product quality data.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Models of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) to Control the Transmission Based on Current Evidence: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Rishabh Jain ◽  
Harendra Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Epidemiological Models ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

In Wuhan city of China, an episode of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) happened. during late December and it has quickly spread to all places in the world. Until May 29, 2020, cases were high in the USA with 1.7 Million, Russia with approximately 387 thousand, the UK with 271 thousand confirmed cases. Everybody on the planet is anxious to know when the coronavirus pandemic will end. In this scourge, most nations force extreme medication measures to contain the spread of COVID-19. Modeling has been utilized broadly by every national government and the World Health Organization in choosing the best procedures to seek after in relieving the impacts of COVID-19. Many epidemiological models are studied to understand the spread of the illness and its prediction to find maximum capacity for human-to-human transmission so that control techniques can be adopted. Also, arrangements for the medical facilities required such as hospital beds and medical supplies can be made in advance. Many models are used to anticipate the results keeping in view the present scenario. There is an urgent need to study the various models and their impacts. In this study, we present a systematic literature review on epidemiological models for the outbreak of novel coronavirus in India. The epidemiological dynamics of COVID-19 is also studied. Here, In addition, an attempt to take out the results from the exploration and comparing it with the real data. The study helps to choose the models that are progressive and dependable to predict and give legitimate methods for various strategies.

scholarly journals Registered Reports: Past, Present and Future

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D Chambers ◽  
Loukia Tzavella
Keyword(s):  
Journal Article ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Universal Solution ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
First Time

Registered Reports are a form of empirical journal article in which study proposals are peer reviewed and pre-accepted before research is undertaken. By deciding which articles are published based on the question, theory, and proposed methods, Registered Reports offer a powerful remedy for a range of reporting and publication biases. Here we reflect on the history, progress and future prospects of the Registered Reports initiative, and also offer practical guidance for authors, reviewers, and editors encountering the format for the first time. While the key ingredients of pre-study review and results-blind acceptance are far from novel – and are already adopted independently in a variety of contexts – Registered Reports are the first mechanism to combine them into a mainstream policy that has won appeal with multiple stakeholders in the research process. We review early evidence that Registered Reports are working as intended, while at the same acknowledging that they are not a universal solution for irreproducibility. We also consider how the policies and practices surrounding Registered Reports are changing, or must change in future, to address limitations and adapt to new challenges. In spite of these caveats, we conclude that Registered Reports are promoting reproducibility, transparency and self-correction across a wide range of disciplines, and may help reshape how society evaluates research and researchers.

scholarly journals Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Reynolds ◽  
Graham Thornicroft ◽  
Melanie Abas ◽  
Bob Woods ◽  
Juanita Hoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Camberwell Assessment Of Need ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Very High ◽  
Assessment Of Need

BackgroundThere exists no instrument specifically designed to measure comprehensively the needs of older people with mental disorders.AimTo develop such an instrument which would take account of patients', staff and carers' views on needs.MethodFollowing an extensive development process, the assessment instrument was subjected to a test–retest and interrater reliability study, while aspects of validity were addressed both during development and with data provided by sites in the UK, Sweden and the USA.ResultsThe Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE) comprises 24 items (plus two items for carer needs), and records staff, carer and patient views. It has good content, construct and consensual validity. It also demonstrates appropriate criterion validity. Reliability is generally very high: κ > 0.85 for all staff ratings of interrater reliability. Correlations of interrater and test–retest reliability of total numbers of needs identified by staff were 0.99 and 0.93, respectively.ConclusionsThe psychometric properties of the CANE seem to be highly acceptable. It was easily used by a wide range of professionals without formal training.

scholarly journals CTF and FLOCAL Thermal Hydraulics Validations and Verifications within a Multiscale and Multiphysics Software Development

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1220
Author(s):  
Sebastian Davies ◽  
Ulrich Rohde ◽  
Dzianis Litskevich ◽  
Bruno Merk ◽  
Paul Bryce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Thermal Hydraulics ◽  
Reactor Physics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Simulation Codes

Simulation codes allow one to reduce the high conservativism in nuclear reactor design improving the reliability and sustainability associated with nuclear power. Full-core coupled reactor physics at the rod level are not provided by most simulation codes. This has led in the UK to the development of a multiscale and multiphysics software development focused on LWRS. In terms of the thermal hydraulics, simulation codes suitable for this multiscale and multiphysics software development include the subchannel code CTF and the thermal hydraulics module FLOCAL of the nodal code DYN3D. In this journal article, CTF and FLOCAL thermal hydraulics validations and verifications within the multiscale and multiphysics software development have been performed to evaluate the accuracy and methodology available to obtain thermal hydraulics at the rod level in both simulation codes. These validations and verifications have proved that CTF is a highly accurate subchannel code for thermal hydraulics. In addition, these verifications have proved that CTF provides a wide range of crossflow and turbulent mixing methods, while FLOCAL in general provides the simplified no-crossflow method as the rest of the methods were only tested during its implementation into DYN3D.

scholarly journals Working-Class Literature(s) Volume II. Historical and International Perspectives

10.16993/bbf ◽  
2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Working Class ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Working Class Literature ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this collection is to contribute to the forging of a more robust, politically useful, and theoretically elaborate understanding of working-class literature(s). These essays map a substantial terrain: the history of working-class literature(s) in Argentina, Denmark, Germany, Japan, Singapore, South Africa and Ireland. Together with the essays in a previous volume – which cover Russia/The Soviet Union, The USA, Finland, Sweden, The UK, and Mexico – they give a complex picture of working-class literature(s) from an international perspective, without losing sight of national specificities. By capturing a wide range of definitions and literatures, the two volumes give a broad and rich picture of the many-facetted phenomenon of working-class literature(s), disrupt narrow understandings of the concept and phenomenon, as well as identify and discuss some of the most important theoretical and historical questions brought to the fore by the study of this literature.If read as stand-alone chapters, each contribution gives an overview of the history and research of a particular nation’s working-class literature. If read as a whole (which we hope you do), they contribute toward a more complex understanding of the global phenomenon of working-class literature(s).

The Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis and the Water Route of Infection

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Casemore
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
The Uk

Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite, has emerged during the 1980s as a common cause of gastroenteritis in otherwise healthy subjects and of potentially life-threatening infection in the immunocompromised. The parasite, a member of the coccidia, has a complex life-cycle resulting in the production of an environmentally hardy stage, the oocyst, excreted in the faeces. Cryptosporidium parvum infects a wide range of host species including man and his livestock animals. The epidemiology is complex with both direct and indirect routes of transmission. Environmental contamination may result in dissemination of the infection by the water route. Such water may meet current microbiological and other standards. The oocysts are remarkably resistent to most disinfectants including chlorine but sensitive to ozone. Water may provide the vehicle of infection for sporadic cases and outbreaks, some involving thousands of consumers. Such outbreaks have been identified in the USA and in the UK.

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