Cardiac involvement in oncologic patients

As cancer survival rates improve, the development of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is becoming increasingly relevant and more widely recognized. Childhood survivors of cancer are seven times more likely to die from cardiac causes and 15 times more likely to develop heart failure than their contemporaries. It is not only well-established chemotherapeutic agents that promote cardiac morbidity, but also many newer ‘targeted’ agents share cancer and cardiac receptor targets that also promote cardiovascular injury. This chapter addresses how the imaging specialist may interact with patients receiving potentially cardiotoxic cancer treatment in three clinical scenarios: baseline assessment of cardiac anatomy and function, assessment of acute and subacute treatment-related complications, and long-term surveillance of cardiotoxicity.

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Higher long-term cancer survival rates in southeastern Netherlands using up-to-date period analysis

Annals of Oncology ◽

10.1093/annonc/mdj139 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 709-712 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

S. Houterman ◽

M.L.G. Janssen-Heijnen ◽

L.V. van de Poll-Franse ◽

H. Brenner ◽

J.W.W. Coebergh

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Period Analysis

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Incidence and disease burden of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in a population-based cohort

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/jnnp-2017-317215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 636-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Arya Shah ◽

E Matthew Hoffman ◽

Michelle L Mauermann ◽

Charles L Loprinzi ◽

Anthony J Windebank ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Clinical Records

ObjectiveTo assess disease burden of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which is a common dose-limiting side effect of neurotoxic chemotherapy. Late effects of CIPN may increase with improved cancer survival.MethodsOlmsted County, Minnesota residents receiving neurotoxic chemotherapy were identified and CIPN was ascertained via text searches of polyneuropathy symptoms in the medical record. Clinical records were queried to collect data on baseline characteristics, risk factors, signs and symptoms of CIPN, medications, impairments and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnostic codes for all subjects.ResultsA total of 509 individuals with incident exposure to an inclusive list of neurotoxic chemotherapy agents between 2006 and 2008 were identified. 268 (52.7%) of these individuals were determined to have CIPN. The median time from incident exposure to first documented symptoms was 71 days. Patients with CIPN received a neuropathy ICD-9 diagnosis in only 37 instances (13.8%). Pain symptoms and use of pain medications were observed more often in patients with CIPN. Five-year survival was greater in those with CIPN (55.2%) versus those without (36.1%). Those with CIPN surviving greater than 5 years (n=145) continued to have substantial impairments and were more likely to be prescribed opioids than those without CIPN (OR 2.0, 1.06–3.69).ConclusionsResults from our population-based study are consistent with previous reports of high incidence of CIPN in the first 2 years following incident exposure to neurotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, and its association with significant pain symptomatology and accompanied long-term opioid use. Increased survival following exposure to neurotoxic chemotherapy and its long-term disease burden necessitates further study among survivors.

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HemiCAP Knee Implants: Mid- to Long-Term Results

Cartilage ◽

10.1177/1947603519894732 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 194760351989473

Author(s):

Jens Ole Laursen ◽

Christian Backer Mogensen ◽

Helene Skjøt-Arkil

Keyword(s):

Femoral Condyle ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Vas Score ◽

Radiographic Outcomes ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

And Function

Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term outcomes of the Focal Femoral Condyle Resurfacing Prosthesis (HemiCAP) using clinical and radiographic assessments, and to evaluate the revision and survival rates. Methods Clinical evaluation was performed in those not revised and was able to participate. This was a prospective single-center cohort study of HemiCAP patients with 7 to 10 years of clinical and radiographic follow-up. The clinical examination included the Knee Society Score (KSS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score. The radiographic examination included the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and potential risk factors for revision was evaluated by a regression analysis. Results Of the 62 patients with 64 HemiCAP prostheses, 37 were HemiCAP condyle, 11 HemiCAP PF, and 16 HemiCAP Wave; 27 (42%) were revised—HemiCAP condyle 17 (42%), HemiCAP PF 4 (36%), HemiCAP Wave 6 (37%), and 1 died. Examinations were performed on 31 patients (86%). When compared with the preoperative data, there were significant increases in the KSS objective (mean = 51.5, standard deviation [SD] = 5.9 vs. mean =94.2, SD = 5.0) and function (mean = 51.0, SD = 6.2 vs. mean = 93.7, SD = 4.8) scores, a decrease in the VAS score (mean = 7.1, SD = 0.7 vs. mean = 2.7, SD = 1.7) and a decrease in the KL lateral score (mean = 1.1, SD = 0.3 vs. mean = 0.6, SD = 0.6). The mean follow-up was 7.3 years (SD 1.4) with minimum 4.2 years and maximum 10.2 years. No failures occurred in the series beyond 5 years. Conclusions As hypothesized, we found good clinical and radiographic outcomes, and for those patients who did not require revisions, there were long-term improvements in disability and function. This suggests that patient selection is a key element to successfully applying these devices in clinical practice.

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Long term cancer survival rates double in England and Wales in past 40 years

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.c3750 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 341 (jul12 3) ◽

pp. c3750-c3750 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. O'Dowd

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

England And Wales

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Improvement in Lung Cancer Survival: 6-Year Trends of Overall Survival at Hungarian Patients Diagnosed in 2011–2016

Pathology & Oncology Research ◽

10.3389/pore.2021.603937 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

Krisztina Bogos ◽

Zoltan Kiss ◽

Lilla Tamási ◽

Gyula Ostoros ◽

Veronika Müller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

First Time ◽

Lung Cancer Survival

Objective: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and its survival is still poor. The objective of our study was to estimate long-term survival of Hungarian lung cancer patients at first time based on a nationwide review of the National Health Insurance Fund database.Methods: Our retrospective, longitudinal study included patients aged ≥20 years who were diagnosed with lung cancer (ICD-10 C34) between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2016. Survival rates were evaluated by year of diagnosis, patient gender and age, and morphology of lung cancer.Results: 41,854 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients were recorded. Mean age at diagnosis varied between 64.7 and 65.9 years during study period. One- and 5-year overall survival rates for the total population were 42.2 and 17.9%, respectively. Survival was statistically associated with gender, age and type of lung cancer. Female patients (n = 16,362) had 23% better survival (HR: 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–0.79; p < 0.001) than males (n = 25,492). The highest survival rates were found in the 20–49 age cohort (5Y = 31.3%) and if the cancer type was adenocarcinoma (5Y = 20.5%). We measured 5.3% improvement (9.2% adjusted) in lung cancer survival comparing the period 2015–2016 to 2011–2012 (HR: 0.95 95% CI: 0.92–0.97; p = 0.003), the highest at females <60 year (0.86 (adjusted HR was 0.79), interaction analysis was significant for age and histology types.Conclusion: Our study provided long-term Lung cancer survival data in Hungary for the first time. We found a 5.3% improvement in 5-year survival in 4 years. Women and young patients had better survival. Survival rates were comparable to–and at the higher end of–rates registered in other East-Central European countries (7.7%–15.7%).

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Effect of Preterm Birth on Cardiac and Cardiomyocyte Growth and the Consequences of Antenatal and Postnatal Glucocorticoid Treatment

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10173896 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 3896

Author(s):

Amanda Vrselja ◽

J. Jane Pillow ◽

M. Jane Black

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Perinatal Care ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Later Life ◽

Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽

Cardiac Growth ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

Preterm birth coincides with a key developmental window of cardiac growth and maturation, and thus has the potential to influence long-term cardiac function. Individuals born preterm have structural cardiac remodelling and altered cardiac growth and function by early adulthood. The evidence linking preterm birth and cardiovascular disease in later life is mounting. Advances in the perinatal care of preterm infants, such as glucocorticoid therapy, have improved survival rates, but at what cost? This review highlights the short-term and long-term impact of preterm birth on the structure and function of the heart and focuses on the impact of antenatal and postnatal glucocorticoid treatment on the immature preterm heart.

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State of the Art in Fertility Preservation for Female Patients Prior to Oncologic Therapies

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56020089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Călin Bogdan Chibelean ◽

Răzvan-Cosmin Petca ◽

Dan Cristian Radu ◽

Aida Petca

Keyword(s):

Fertility Preservation ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Modern Society ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Medical Specialties ◽

Oncologic Patients ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Life Improvement

Quality of life improvement stands as one of the main goals of the medical sciences. Increasing cancer survival rates associated with better early detection and extended therapeutic options led to the specific modeling of patients’ choices, comprising aspects of reproductive life that correlated with the evolution of modern society, and requires better assessment. Of these, fertility preservation and ovarian function conservation for pre-menopause female oncologic patients pose a contemporary challenge due to procreation age advance in evolved societies and to the growing expectations regarding cancer treatment. Progress made in cell and tissue-freezing technologies brought hope and shed new light on the onco-fertility field. Additionally, crossing roads with general fertility and senescence studies proved highly beneficial due to the enlarged scope and better synergies and funding. We here strive to bring attention to this domain of care and to sensitize all medical specialties towards a more cohesive approach and to better communication among caregivers and patients.

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Improvement in lung cancer survival: Six-year survival analysis of patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2016 in Hungary.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e21582 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e21582-e21582

Author(s):

Krisztina Bogos ◽

Zoltan Kiss ◽

Lilla Tamási ◽

Gyula Ostoros ◽

Veronika Judit Dr Szabone Dr Muller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Insurance Fund ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Lung Cancer Survival

e21582 Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, however, 5-year survival is poor, only 10-20% of pataients survive this period. To date, no long-term study has been conducted to evaluate long-term survival rates in Hungary. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the 6-year survival of lung cancer patients (ICD-10 C34) based on a nationwide review of the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) database. Methods: Our retrospective, longitudinal study included patients aged ≥20 years who were diagnosed with lung cancer (ICD-10 C34) between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016. Screening period was set for 2009-2010. Patients with other cancer-related ICD-10 codes 6 months before or 12 months after lung cancer diagnosis and those who received any anticancer treatment different from lung cancer protocols were excluded. Survival rates were evaluated according to year of diagnosis, patient gender and age, and morphology of lung cancer and main treatment type. Results: 41,854 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients were recorded. Mean age at diagnosis varied between 64.66 and 65.88 years during study period. One- and 5-year crude survival rates for the total population were 42.23% and 17.85%, respectively. Survival was significantly associated with gender, age and type of lung cancer based on statistical association. Female patients (n = 16,362) had 23% better survival (HR: 0.77 CI95% 0.75-0.79; p < 0.001) than males (n = 25,492). The highest survival rates were found in the 20–49 age cohort (5Y = 31.3%) and if the cancer type was adenocarcinoma (5Y = 20.48%). We measured 5.3 % improvement in lung cancer survival between cases diagnosed in 2015-2016 vs. 2011-2012 (HR: 0.947 CI95% 0.92-0.97; p = 0.003). Survival of those lung cancer patients, whom had surgery in first line treatment without adjuvant therapy (3,120) reached 64.18%, those with adjuvant treatment (n = 2,675) 54.47% 5 year survival, while patients with chemotherapy (n = 11,780) had only 7.9% crude survival. Conclusions: Our study provided long-term LC survival data in Hungary for the first time. We found a 6% improvement in survival by the end of the study period in females and in the younger age groups. Survival rates were comparable to – and at the higher end of – rates registered in other East-Central European countries. Better survival rate of females could be attributed to a higher incidence rate of adenocarcinoma in women. Lung cancer patients diagnosed in early stage had 7-8 times better survival than those found in late stage.

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Chemotherapy-related Cardiomyopathy

European Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/ecr.2015.10.01.19 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 19 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Susan E Piper ◽

Theresa A McDonagh ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cancer Survival ◽

Cardiac Toxicity ◽

Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Review Current

Advances in chemotherapeutic agents have resulted in significantly improved cancer survival rates. Cardiac toxicity, however, has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity, both during and years after treatment. One of the most common manifestations of cardiotoxicity is that of heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. In this review, current opinions and guidelines in this field are discussed, with particular focus on the most common culprits, the anthracyclines, and the monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab.

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Transapical versus Conventional Aortic Valve Replacement�A Propensity-Matched Comparison

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf98.20111084 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

David M. Holzhey ◽

William Shi ◽

A. Rastan ◽

Michael A. Borger ◽

Martin H�nsig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aortic Valve ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Term Survival ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Risk Patients ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Good Treatment Option ◽

Matched Comparison

Introduction: The goal of this study was to compare the short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve (AV) surgery carried out via standard sternotomy/partial sternotomy versus transapical transcatheter AV implantation (taTAVI).Patients and Methods: All 336 patients who underwent taTAVI between 2006 and 2010 were compared with 4533 patients who underwent conventional AV replacement (AVR) operations between 2001 and 2010. Using propensity score matching, we identified and consecutively compared 2 very similar groups of 167 patients each. The focus was on periprocedural complications and long-term survival.Results: The 30-day mortality rate was 10.8% and 8.4% (P = .56) for the conventional AVR patients and the TAVI patients, respectively. The percentages of postoperative pacemaker implantations (15.0% versus 6.0%, P = .017) and cases of renal failure requiring dialysis (25.7% versus 12.6%, P = .004) were higher in the TAVI group. Kaplan-Meier curves diverged after half a year in favor of conventional surgery. The estimated 3-year survival rates were 53.5% � 5.7% (TAVI) and 66.7% � 0.2% (conventional AVR).Conclusion: Our study shows that even with all the latest successes in catheter-based AV implantation, the conventional surgical approach is still a very good treatment option with excellent long-term results, even for older, high-risk patients.

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