Trauma and psychiatry

2021 ◽  
pp. 581-598
Author(s):  
Michael Robertson ◽  
Garry Walter
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Psychiatric Discourse

Over the last decade, psychological trauma has re-emerged as a critical factor in psychiatric discourse. The ubiquity of traumatic stress, extending from the hidden ‘epidemic’ of violence within families to the vexed challenges posed by the chaotic geopolitical challenges since 9/11, has forced psychiatry to engage again with the area. This chapter examines the ethical challenges arising from the reformulation of posttraumatic stress disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, trauma-informed care in health systems, recent progress in the understanding of the psychobiology of traumatic stress, and how psychiatrists must position themselves in an increasingly illiberal society that often fails to protect the most vulnerable people.

scholarly journals Caesar in Vietnam: Did Roman Soldiers Suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
AISLINN MELCHIOR
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) made its first appearance in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1980, partly as a result of the ongoing treatment of veterans from the Vietnam War. Although PTSD is not only or even primarily a disorder caused by combat, combat is a regular trigger and my chief concern in what follows. Therefore I will not be examining such evidence as exists for the psychological traumas of civilians in the ancient world who were exposed to violence, rape, enslavement, or the execution of family members in the context of conquest. My focus is on the soldier.

Trauma-Informed Care and LGBTQ Youth: Considerations for Advancing Practice With Youth With Trauma Experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam McCormick ◽  
Karey Scheyd ◽  
Samuel Terrazas
Keyword(s):  
Dating Violence ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Lgbtq Youth ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Child Traumatic Stress

LGBTQ youth are disproportionately impacted by multiple forms of childhood trauma, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, dating violence, sexual assault, and peer violence. The emerging practices of trauma-informed care and trauma-specific interventions have made significant contributions to the manner in which systems respond to the needs of traumatized youth. However, these youth are largely excluded from many trauma-informed conversations. This article seeks to use the Concepts for Understanding Traumatic Stress Responses in Children and Families, developed by the National Child Traumatic Stress Network, to address the traumatic experiences and responses of LGBTQ youth.

scholarly journals Preventing PTSD, depression and associated health problems in student paramedics: protocol for PREVENT-PTSD, a randomised controlled trial of supported online cognitive training for resilience versus alternative online training and standard practice

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. bmjopen-2018-022292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wild ◽  
Shama El-Salahi ◽  
Gabriella Tyson ◽  
Hjördis Lorenz ◽  
Carmine M Pariante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionEmergency workers dedicate their lives to promoting public health and safety, yet suffer higher rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression (MD) compared with the general population. They also suffer an associated increased risk for physical health problems, which may be linked to specific immunological and endocrine markers or changes in relevant markers. Poor physical and mental health is costly to organisations, the National Health Service and society. Existing interventions aimed at reducing risk of mental ill health in this population are not very successful. More effective preventative interventions are urgently needed. We first conducted a large-scale prospective study of newly recruited student paramedics, identifying two cognitive factors (rumination and resilience appraisals) that predicted episodes of PTSD and MD over a 2-year period. We then developed internet-delivered cognitive training for resilience (iCT-R), a supported online intervention, to modify cognitive predictors. This protocol is for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of the resilience intervention.Methods and analysis570 student paramedics will be recruited from participating universities. They will be randomly allocated to iCT-R or to supported online training of an alternative, widely available intervention or to training-as-usual. Follow-up will occur after the intervention/standard practice period and at 6, 12 and 24 months. Primary outcomes include rates of PTSD and MD and subsydnromal PTSD and MD, measured by the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, the Patient-Health Questionnaire-9 and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition. Secondary outcomes include measures of resilience, rumination, anxiety, psychological distress, well-being, salivary cortisol, plasma levels of C-reactive protein, smoking and alcohol use, weight gain, sleep problems, health-related quality of life, health resource utilisation and productivity.Ethics and disseminationThe Medical Sciences Inter-Divisional Research Ethics Committee at the University of Oxford granted approval, reference: R44116/RE001. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Access to raw data and participant information will be available only to members of the research team.Trial registration numberISRCTN16493616; Pre-results.

Trauma-informed Care in the NICU – Implications for Parents and Staff

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Mary Coughlin McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Health Services Administration ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed

“The expectation that we can be immersed in suffering and loss daily and not be touched by it is as unrealistic as expecting to be able to walk on water without getting wet. This sort of denial is no small matter”1The concept of trauma and traumatic stress emerged in the field of mental health over forty years ago and is a widespread public health concern.  The paradigm of trauma-informed care acknowledges that trauma and traumatic stress overwhelm an individual’s ability to cope while simultaneously changing their biology with both short term and lifelong implications for health and wellbeing. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) was the first to implement a trauma-informed care framework which “(1) realizes the widespread impact of trauma; (2) recognizes the signs and symptoms of trauma in clients, families, staff, and others; (3) responds by fully integrating knowledge about trauma into policies, procedures, and practices; and (4) actively seeks to resist re-traumatization.”2

Reflections of stress in US abortion narratives

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickey Sperlich ◽  
Gretchen E Ely ◽  
Rebecca S Rouland ◽  
Connor A Walters ◽  
Max Carwile
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Work Education

A trauma-informed, thematic analysis that identified stress-related themes evident in 39 personal abortion narratives from the Tennessee Stories Project in the United States is presented in this paper. Using the Braun and Clarke model of thematic analysis, guided by the trauma-informed social work framework, researchers examined these narratives to identify stress related themes.FindingsAn overall theme of stress and traumatic stress was found to be present throughout the abortion narratives. These themes were categorized into subthemes, including: (a) existing life stressors preceding the abortion experience, (b) stressors while trying to access abortion services, (c) stressors while obtaining abortion services, and (d) stressors arising after the procedure.ApplicationsThese results suggest that stress and traumatic stress were reflected in these abortion narratives throughout the abortion seeking experience. This finding supports the need for social work practice responses that are designed to address and eliminate stress during the process of seeking and obtaining an abortion in the United States. A trauma-informed framework is recommended for guiding social work education about abortion, social worker interactions with clients who are seeking abortions, and the development of abortion policy in the United States in order to better align the abortion seeking experience with the principles of trauma-informed care.

Usefulness of a DSM Criteria-Based Inventory for Screening for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-456
Author(s):  
Benedetto Farina ◽  
Piero Venturi ◽  
Antonio Onofri ◽  
Michele Raja ◽  
Massimo Di Giannantonio
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Low Sensitivity

AbstractThe aim of the study is to evaluate the self-administered Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition criteria-based inventory for the screening of post-traumatic stress disorder. Due to its low sensitivity (57%) and high specificity (88%), it could be useful as a second step of a screening procedure in combination with other validated, self-report instruments. The clinical implications of the findings and the limitations of the study are discussed.

PTSD As Portrayed in Finn’s The Woman in The Window and Murakami’s Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage: A Comparative Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-556
Author(s):  
Adil Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Post Traumatic

This thesis is entitled “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as Portrayed in A.J. Finn’s Novel The Woman in the Window and Haruki Murakami’s Novel Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage: A Comparative Literature Analysis”. The writer is interested in analyzing the two novels because they have the same motive is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. In this thesis the writer uses two novels as the object, there is The Woman in the Window (2018) from England and Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage (2013) from Japan. This study aims to find out how Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is portrayed in the two literary works and to find the affinities and differences regarding the issue in forms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder that the main characters are suffering from using Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder‘s theory by American Psychiatric Association through the fifth edition of The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). Both main characters of the two literary works, Anna Fox and Tsukuru Tazaki are suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. The study also involves looking at the intrinsic elements to look at the affinities and differences found in the two literary works. In completing the analysis, the writer uses the descriptive qualitative method which represents all the data in the forms of words and sentences. The writer collects data from various sources including The Woman in the Window by A.J. Finn, Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki, and His Years of Pilgrimage by Haruki Murakami, relevant books, articles, and journals to support the analysis. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the two literary works show affinities and differences regarding Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder that is experienced by the two main characters of both literary works.  

scholarly journals THE SYRIAN WAR AND POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 870-876
Author(s):  
Eid G. Abo Hamza ◽  
Majd A. Gharib A. M. ◽  
Rami A. Gharib ◽  
Ahmed A. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Syrian Conflict

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic distress disorder (PTSD) amongst Syrian whom lived in under the war.  Methodology: The study has utilized a survey to observe the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Syrian people who lived inside Syria during the Syrian conflict The survey uses the PTSD checklist for civilians (PCL-C), which measures both the severity of PTSD and the 3 symptoms of it in accordance with “The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (DSM-IV) that are re-experiencing; avoidance; and hyperarousal. A sample of 600 random Syrian people participated in the current study.   Findings: The PTSD test results show a widespread of the trauma in Syria based on the result of the test as 53percent of the participants had symptoms corresponding to the recommended diagnosis, which is expected due to horrors of war and terrorism-related events. Implications: Results suggest that it is imperative to provide intervention programs to treat PTSD symptoms among people who live in Syria. The participants' cultural and religious backgrounds should be taken into account in these programs. The originality of the Study: This Syrian war research has contributed to a spike in symptoms of PTSD and depression among children in Syria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document