Investigation in neurological disease

The ageing brain is characterised by changes at the physical, histological, biochemical and physiological levels. This ageing process is associated with an increased risk of developing a number of neurological disorders, notably Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of such disorders. In this article, we review the potential therapeutic role in these age-related neurological disorders of supplementary coenzyme Q10, a vitamin-like substance of vital importance for normal mitochondrial function and as an antioxidant. This review is concerned primarily with studies in humans rather than in vitro studies or studies in animal models of neurological disease. In particular, the reasons why the outcomes of clinical trials supplementing coenzyme Q10 in these neurological disorders is discussed.

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A Traditional Chinese View of Acupuncture for Neurological Disease

Acupuncture in Medicine ◽

10.1136/aim.13.2.88 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 88-90

Author(s):

Mingyuan Gao

Keyword(s):

Neurological Disorders ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Acupuncture Treatment ◽

Acupuncture Point ◽

Chinese View

Acupuncture is mainly based on neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. There are peripheral nerves and terminals at each acupuncture point. Suggested acupuncture treatment for selected neurological disorders is presented, showing that acupuncture can play a useful role in the neurology department.

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The influence of cognitive impairment on health-related quality of life in neurological disease

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2009.00439.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 2-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Alex J. Mitchell ◽

Steven Kemp ◽

Julián Benito-León ◽

Markus Reuber

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Deficits ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

Mitchell AJ, Kemp S, Benito-León J, Reuber M. The influence of cognitive impairment on health-related quality of life in neurological disease.Background:Cognitive impairment is the most consistent neurological complication of acquired and degenerative brain disorders. Historically, most focus was on dementia but now has been broadened to include the important construct of mild cognitive impairment.Methods:Systematic search and review of articles linked quality of life (QoL) and cognitive complications of neurological disorders. We excluded QoL in dementia.Results:Our search identified 249 publications. Most research examined patients with brain tumours, stroke, epilepsy, head injury, Huntington's disease, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Results suggested that the majority of patients with epilepsy, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, stroke and head injury have subtle cognitive deficits early in their disease course. These cognitive complaints are often overlooked by clinicians. In many cases, the cognitive impairment is progressive but it can also be relapsing-remitting and in some cases reversible. Despite the importance of severe cognitive impairment in the form of dementia, there is now increasing recognition of a broad spectrum of impairment, including those with subclinical or mild cognitive impairment. Even mild cognitive difficulties can have functional and psychiatric consequences–especially when they are persistent and untreated. Specific cognitive deficits such an inattention, dysexecutive function and processing speed may affect a number of quality of life (QoL) domains. For example, cognitive impairment influences return to work, interpersonal relationships and leisure activities. In addition, fear of future cognitive decline may also impact upon QoL.Conclusions:We recommend further development of simple tools to screen for cognitive impairments in each neurological condition. We also recommend that a thorough cognitive assessment should be a part of routine clinical practice in those caring for individuals with neurological disorders.

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Technological advances and changing indications for lumbar puncture in neurological disorders

The Lancet Neurology ◽

10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30033-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 268-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Joost M Costerus ◽

Matthijs C Brouwer ◽

Diederik van de Beek

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Puncture ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Technological Advances

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Neurological Disorders and Symptoms Associated with Psychological/Behavioral Problems

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352722.013.31 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Maxine Krengel ◽

Roberta F. White

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Problems ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Behavioral Symptoms ◽

Neurologic Disease ◽

Affective Symptoms ◽

Behavioral Emergencies ◽

Extensive Clinical Experience

Several neurological syndromes and neurocognitive disorders can result in behavioral and affective symptoms that may be present in an emergent situation or are present in the medical context. Clinicians who see patients with new or unusual behavioral symptoms are often faced with the challenge of determining when patients are in need of follow-up diagnostic evaluation. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the expression of behavioral changes in neurological disease that we have encountered in our own extensive clinical experience. We do not provide an exhaustive review of all disorders or neurocognitive symptoms, but rather focus on common conditions that present frequently in the context of behavioral emergencies. This discussion is aimed at sensitizing clinicians to the possibility of neurologic disease in patients with prominent behavioral symptomatology.

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Parestesia Expert System! Expert System To Detect Paresthesia (Parestesia Expert System! Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendeteksi Penyakit Parestesia)

KOMTEKINFO ◽

10.35134/komtekinfo.v7i3.79 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 186-196

Author(s):

Yonky Pernando

Keyword(s):

Expert System ◽

Expert Systems ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

The Body ◽

Nerve Tissue ◽

Repetitive Movements ◽

Long Time ◽

Computer Based ◽

Apparent Reason

Paresthesia is a condition where the sensation on the skin is abnormal, such as tingling, itching or numbness, for no apparent reason. This condition can occur only temporarily or for a long time (chronic). Bucharestesia can be temporary (temporary) or chronic. Almost everyone has experienced temporary paresthesia. This sensation occurs when nerves are accidentally compressed in certain body positions, such as sitting cross-legged for too long or sleeping with your head on your hands. Temporary paraesthesia will go away on its own when the pressure on the nerves is relieved. However, if the tingling feeling persists even though the pressure has been relieved, then there may be another disease or disorder in the body that is the cause. Chronic paresthesia is often a symptom of a neurological disease or caused by trauma to the nerve tissue. A variety of diseases can cause chronic paresthesia including vitamin deficiency, neurological disorders due to repetitive movements or other diseases. Chronic paraesthesia requires medication and management to heal. However, sometimes chronic paresthesia cannot completely heal even after undergoing treatment even though an expert system is a computer-based system that uses knowledge, facts, and reasoning techniques to solve problems that usually only one person can solve. Expert systems also help their activities as highly experienced assistants. Expert systems can also provide analysis of problems and can also recommend to users some actions to make improvements.

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Sleep and Neurological Disorders

10.1093/oso/9780198778240.003.0010 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel A. Cohen ◽

Asim Roy

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Neural Development ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Early Stage ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Optimal Timing ◽

Neurological Outcomes ◽

The Impact

Scientific investigation of the relationships between sleep and neurological disorders is at a relatively early stage. Damage to the nervous system or impaired neural development can cause a wide array of sleep disorders. In turn, sleep disruption may impair neuroplastic processes that are important for functional recovery after nervous system insults. Sleep disorders in patients with neurological disease can negatively affect quality of life for both the patients and the caregivers. Cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune process changes associated with sleep disorders may exacerbate the underlying neuropathological changes in neurological disease. Early intervention for sleep disorders in these patients may substantially improve neurological outcomes. More randomized, controlled treatment trials will ultimately help to determine the optimal timing and treatment modalities for the sleep disorders in these patients and the impact this will have on improving neurological health, enhancing neurological function, and reducing the care burden for this population.

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Prevention of neurological disease

10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0347 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Karen Morrison

Keyword(s):

General Practitioners ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Large Impact ◽

Significant Morbidity

Neurological disease is very common. It is estimated that one-third of consultations with general practitioners involve neurological complaints, and neurological disorders are present in one-third of patients admitted to hospital. In considering how to reduce the incidence of neurological disease, one must take into account the feasibility of prevention, and the overall morbidity caused by the disease. In stroke, which is very common, interventions which reduce incidence by a small percentage have the potential to have a large impact on a population basis. A disorder such as migraine, while not life-limiting, accounts for significant morbidity and time off work (one study suggests that there are the equivalent of 112 million bedridden days per year due to migraine alone), so, again, interventions that reduce the frequency of episodes even by a small percentage can have great overall impact. This chapter discusses the major categories of neurological disease based on pathogenesis, and current and future approaches to prevention.

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Demographics of neurological disease

10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0222 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Cader

Keyword(s):

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Neurological Symptoms

This chapter reviews the epidemiology of common neurological disorders. While neurological symptoms can potentially appear confusing, understanding which diseases affect particular groups can provide diagnostic guidance.

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