EPID-23. THE PAKISTAN BRAIN TUMOR EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY: PAVING THE WAY FOR A NATIONAL BRAIN TUMOR REGISTRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi90-vi91
Author(s):  
Mashal Shah ◽  
Erum Baig ◽  
Mohammad Hamza Bajwa ◽  
Altaf Ali Laghari ◽  
Saad Bin-Anis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pineal Tumors ◽  
The Public

Abstract INTRODUCTION In Pakistan, brain tumor epidemiology has been examined in single-centre studies or as part of general cancer registries, which are limited by catchment area, age group, or are not specific to brain tumors. The Pakistan Society of Neuro-Oncology conducted a nationwide study to assess the distribution of brain tumor distribution and associated risk factors. This unfunded study explores data from across Pakistan and serves as a potential model for LMICs to emulate. METHODS A cross-sectional study was designed to include patients diagnosed with brain tumors in major neurosurgical centers in Pakistan retrospectively from January-December 2019. Patients, both alive and deceased, with a radiological diagnosis of a brain tumor were included. Data were recorded on a comprehensive online form from 35 centers, encompassing an estimated 85% of all the brain tumor patients seeking initial treatment by a neurosurgeon from the public and private sectors. Data collection was split into three regions: Sindh and Balochistan; Punjab; and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Islamabad. Data collection occurred between August 2020 and January 2021. RESULTS A total of 2750 brain tumor cases were recorded of which 1897 (69%) were diagnosed in the private sector hospitals. MRIs were a more common radiological study compared to CT scans. 2666 surgeries were performed, 174 individuals underwent chemotherapy and 479 underwent radiation therapy; approximately two-thirds of the patients that require adjuvant treatment are not able to receive it. Gliomas were the most common tumor, while pineal tumors were the least common. Findings indicate a low metastasis frequency and few females seeking care. CONCLUSION The study shows that brain tumors are mostly diagnosed and operated on in the private sector; the public sector should be more engaged. The study also highlights that despite inconsistencies in hospital records for brain tumor patients, reliable information can be collected in LMIC settings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of rational prescribing and dispensing of medicines in Mali

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaya Coulibaly ◽  
Fanta Sangho ◽  
Aboubacar Alassane Oumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Of Prescribing

Objective: The drug policy of Mali is based on the concept of essential generic drugs. The adoption of generic drugs in a program is often accompanied by irrational use of these drugs precisely because of the availability of these drugs. Thus, this study was initiated to assess the quality of prescribing and dispensing drugs in Mali. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2004 to 2013, the survey was conducted in 20 primary health centers and 20 private pharmacies in three regions of the country. In each of these structures, 30 prescriptions filled at the time of the survey were collected. Results: The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.0 ± 1.3 and 2.4 ± 1.2, respectively, in the public and private sectors. Prescription of drugs under international name was 91.6% in the public sector and 37.2% in the private sector. The public sector prescribed 33.7% of injectable drug against 16.2% in the private sector (p <0.001). The average cost of a prescription was lower in the public sector (3415.3 FCFA or 5.21euros) than in the private sector (7111 FCFA or 10.85 euros).Conclusion: Generic drugs are commonly used in the public, but much less in the private sector. The treatment guidelines are already available, should be introduced interactively to medical practitioners, through visits and intensive supervision by more experienced managers in the hierarchy, it would be likely to improve the quality of prescribing practitioners.

scholarly journals Barriers for HIV testing during pregnancy in Southern Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Rosa ◽  
Marcelo Zubaran Goldani ◽  
Thomas Scanlon ◽  
Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽  
Elsa Justo Giugliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Public ◽  
Maternal Schooling ◽  
New Strategies

OBJECTIVE: To assess HIV testing rate and determine risk factors for not have been tested during pregnancy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, from December 2000 to February 2001. Socioeconomic, maternal and healthcare variables were obtained by means of a standardized questionnaire. Crude and adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained in logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 1,642 mothers were interviewed. Of them, 94.3% reported being offered HIV testing before or during pregnancy or during labor; 89 mothers (5.4%) were not tested or did not know if they were tested. Attending fewer than six prenatal visits, being single and younger than 18 years old were relevant barriers preventing HIV testing. There was found a relationship between maternal schooling and the category of prenatal care provider. Having low 22.20 (12.43-39.67) or high 3.38 (1.86-7.68). schooling and being cared in the private sector strongly reduced the likelihood of being HIV tested. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian Health Ministry's recommendation for universal counseling and HIV testing has been successfully implemented in the public sector. In order to improve HIV testing coverage, new strategies need to target women cared in the private sector especially those of low schooling.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis control activities in the private and public health sectors of Kenya from 2013 to 2017: how do they compare?

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 740-748
Author(s):  
Eunice W Mailu ◽  
Philip Owiti ◽  
Serge Ade ◽  
Anthony D Harries ◽  
Marcel Manzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Private And Public

Abstract Background Large numbers of tuberculosis (TB) patients seek care from private for-profit providers. This study aimed to assess and compare TB control activities in the private for-profit and public sectors in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using routinely collected data from the National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Lung Disease Program. Results Of 421 409 patients registered and treated between 2013 and 2017, 86 894 (21%) were from the private sector. Data collection was less complete in the private sector for nutritional assessment and follow-up sputum smear examinations (p&lt;0.001). The private sector notified less bacteriologically confirmed TB (43.1% vs 52.6%; p&lt;0.001) and had less malnutrition (body mass index &lt;18.5 kg/m2; 36.4% vs 43.3%; p&lt;0.001) than the public sector. Rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and antiretroviral therapy initiation were &gt;95% and &gt;90%, respectively, in both sectors, but more patients were HIV positive in the private sector (39.6% vs 31.6%; p&lt;0.001). For bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB, cure rates were lower in the private sector, especially for HIV-negative patients (p&lt;0.001). The private sector had an overall treatment success of 86.3% as compared with the public sector at 85.7% (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions The private sector is performing well in Kenya although there are programmatic challenges that need to be addressed.

Resilience and its Associated Factors in Brain Tumor Patients in Karachi, Pakistan: An Analytical Cross‐Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Zahid ◽  
Russell Seth Martins ◽  
Wajeeha Zahid ◽  
Wardah Khalid ◽  
Iqbal Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Single-institution cross-sectional study to evaluate need for information and need for referral to psychooncology care in association with depression in brain tumor patients and their family caregivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Reinert ◽  
Michael Gerken ◽  
Katharina Rathberger ◽  
Katharina Krueger ◽  
Monika Klinkhammer-Schalke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hornheider Screening

Abstract Background The prognosis of patients with brain tumors is widely varying. Psychooncologic need and depression are high among these patients and their family caregivers. However, the need for counselling and need for referral to psychooncology care is often underestimated. Methods We performed a single-institution cross-sectional study to evaluate psychooncologic need, depression and information need in both patients and their family caregivers. The Hornheider Screening Instrument (HSI) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate psychooncologic need and depression, and a study-specific questionnaire was developed to evaluate information need. Multivariable analyses were performed to detect correlations. Results A total of 444 patients and their family caregivers were approached to participate, with a survey completion rate of 35.4%. More than half of the patients and family caregivers were in need for referral to psychooncology care and 31.9% of patients suffered from clinically relevant depression. In multivariable analysis, psychooncologic need were positively associated with mild (odds ratio, OR, 7.077; 95% confidence interval, CI, 2.263–22.137; p = 0.001) or moderate to severe (OR 149.27, 95% CI 26.690–737.20; p <  0.001) depression. Patient information need was associated with depression (OR 3.007, 95% CI 1.175–7.695; p = 0.022). Conclusions Unmet counselling need in brain tumor patients and their family caregivers associate to high psychooncologic need and depression. Adequate information may decrease the need for referral to psychooncology care and treatment of depression in these patients. Future studies should further explore these relations to promote development of supportive structures.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Resilience in Primary Brain Tumor Patients

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shu-Yuan Liang ◽  
Hung-Fu Lee ◽  
Shu-Yuan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factors influencing resilience in primary brain tumor patients in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 95 participants completed the cross-sectional survey. All of the participants had undergone surgical, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy treatments for their brain tumors at least one month prior to data collection. The instruments that were used in data collection included the Resilience Scale (RS), a baseline characteristics datasheet, and the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scale. Result: KPS score correlated significantly and positively with resilience (r = .49, p < .01). Moreover, financial means (t = 3.31, p < .01), mode of tumor treatment (t = 2.10, p < .05), and tumor recurrence status (t = -2.03, p < .05) were found to be significant predictors of resilience, accounting for 11% (R2 inc= .11, p< 0.01), 5% (R2 inc= .05, p< 0.05), and 12% (R2 inc= .12, p< 0.001) of the total variance, respectively. Conclusion: Health professionals may use the findings of the present study to assess the relevant baseline characteristics and physical abilities of their patients in order to better identify the presence of significant protective or risk factors for resilience.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed mumps infections in South Africa, 2012-2017: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mpho Lerato Sikhosana ◽  
Lazarus Kuonza ◽  
Nkengefac Villyen Motaze
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Acute Infections

Abstract Background Data on the burden of mumps in South Africa are limited and the epidemiology of mumps in this setting is not well understood. We present findings of analysis of mumps data in South Africa from 2012 to 2017. Methods This cross-sectional study included secondary data on laboratory-confirmed mumps infections from 2012 to 2017, archived at the South African National Health Laboratory Services’ data repository as well as from four private laboratories. Mumps-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or viral nucleic acid positive results represented acute infections. We used age-specific mid-year population estimates for each study year as denominators when calculating annual incidence. We calculated seasonality indices to determine seasonality of mumps infections. Results Out of 48580 records obtained from the public and private sectors, 46713 (96.2%) were from the private sector. Over the study period, there were 7494 acute infections, 7085 (94.5%) of which were recorded in the private sector. Of these 7494 infections, 3924 (52.4%) occurred in males. The proportion of samples tested that were IgM positive was 18.6% (1058/5682) in 2012, 15% (1016/6790) in 2013, 15.8% (1280/8093) in 2014, 15.5% (1384/8944) in 2015, 13.1% (1260/9629) in 2016 and 15.8% (1496/9442) in 2017. The cumulative incidence rate per 100000 was highest in children between one and nine years throughout the study period. Infections tended to peak in the October-November months, which represents spring in our setting. Most infections occurred in Gauteng, Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal and this was consistent throughout the study period. Conclusion Mumps infections predominantly occurred in spring, affecting children below 10 years of age and individuals who were male. There were fewer tests performed in the public sector compared to the private sector. Since only laboratory data was analysed our results represent and underestimate of disease burden. Further studies that include clinical data are required to provide better estimates of disease burden in South Africa.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF PROLONG SITTING WITH COMMON MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR BANKERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Mahmooda Naqvi ◽  
Maryum Zehra ◽  
Ghazala Noor Nizami
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Banks ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
One Year ◽  
Study Participants

To compare the frequency of common musculoskeletal disorders due to prolong sitting among private and public sector bankers. This study was a cross-sectional study. Participants between 25-50 years of age, working in banks for more than one year were inducted in the study. All bankers were divided into private and public sector groups. Employees were selected from private sector and public sector banks of Karachi. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from bankers of both sectors. The study shows that 44.6% government employees were suffering from shoulder pain, while 36.9% private sector bankers having this problem. Among them 18.2% of public sector bankers suffered from neck pain. However, only 9% of public sector bankers perform gym activity regularly. The result of the study shows that, participants who work for prolong period of time adapted poor posture while sitting have high frequency of musculoskeletal disorders. The study also shows that private sector bankers are more vigilant about their health and posture as compared to the public sector bankers.

scholarly journals QLIF-20. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF DISTRESS THROUGHOUT THE DISEASE TRAJECTORY IN PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. vi160-vi160
Author(s):  
Dina Randazzo ◽  
Frances McSherry ◽  
James Herndon ◽  
Mary Lou Affronti ◽  
Eric Lipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Trajectory

scholarly journals A Comparison Of Private And Public Sector Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Caemmerer ◽  
Alistair Dewar
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Service Expectations

In the past, public sector organizations have been used as examples of service atrocities but in light of unstable overall customer satisfaction levels across countries and industries the purpose of this research note is to investigate whether their private counterparts fare much better in terms of service performance. A quantitative, quasi-experimental study was carried out with 200 respondents. The survey tool was based on the SERVQUAL framework to compare recipients service expectations and perceptions in private and public service settings. The results reveal no significant differences between expectations towards and perceptions of private and public services. The traditional SERVQUAL dimensions explain 74% of overall satisfaction in the public, and 87% in the private sector. As this is a cross-sectional study more research is necessary to understand whether the results are due to an amelioration in the public and a deterioration in the private sector, or vice versa, or neither. The study stimulates debate and further research into the underlying reasons for customers similar expectations and perceptions across sectors. Is actual service performance across sectors assimilating? Or do perceptions in one sector setting impact on expectations and perceptions in another?

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