scholarly journals NT-15 * STEREOTACTIC LASER THERMAL ABLATION OF RECURRENT POSTERIOR FOSSA METASTATIC LESION: DESCRIPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR INFRATENTORIAL TUMORS REFRACTORY TO CONVENTIONAL THERAPIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. v162-v162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Eliyas ◽  
J. Bailes ◽  
R. Merrell ◽  
S. O'Leary
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Thermal Ablation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Infratentorial Tumors

scholarly journals Utilizing personalized stereotactic frames for laser interstitial thermal ablation of posterior fossa and mesiotemporal brain lesions: a single-institution series

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. E4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. A. Dadey ◽  
Ashwin A. Kamath ◽  
Matthew D. Smyth ◽  
Michael R. Chicoine ◽  
Eric C. Leuthardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Thermal Ablation ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Treatment Delivery ◽  
Laser Probe ◽  
Accurate Treatment ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Probe Insertion

OBJECTIVE The precision of laser probe insertion for interstitial thermal therapy of deep-seated lesions is limited by the method of stereotactic guidance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of customized STarFix 3D-printed stereotactic platforms to guide laser probe insertion into mesiotemporal and posterior fossa targets. METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective review of 5 patients (12–55 years of age) treated with laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in which STarFix platforms were used for probe insertion. Bone fiducials were implanted in each patient's skull, and subsequent CT scans were used to guide the design of each platform and incorporate desired treatment trajectories. Once generated, the platforms were mounted on the patients' craniums and used to position the laser probe during surgery. Placement of the laser probe and the LITT procedure were monitored with intraoperative MRI. Perioperative and follow-up MRI were performed to identify and monitor changes in target lesions. RESULTS Accurate placement of the laser probe was observed in all cases. For all patients, thermal ablation was accomplished without intraoperative complications. Of the 4 patients with symptomatic lesions, 2 experienced complete resolution of symptoms, and 1 reported improved symptoms compared with baseline. CONCLUSIONS Customized stereotactic platforms were seamlessly incorporated into the authors' previously established LITT workflow and allowed for accurate treatment delivery.

Advanced Functional Graphite-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles as RF Thermal Ablation Agents for Cancer Therapies

2008 ◽  
Vol 1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Meena Waleed Mahmood ◽  
Zhongrui Li ◽  
Enkeleda Dervishi ◽  
Steve Trigwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermal Ablation ◽  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cobalt Nanoparticles ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Metallic State ◽  
X Ray

AbstractGraphitic shells coated ferromagnetic cobalt nanoparticles (C-Co-NPs) with diameters of around 7-9 nm cubic crystalline structures were synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the Co-NPs inside the carbon shells were preserved in the metallic state. Confocal microscope images revealed effective penetrations of C-Co-NPs through plasmatic membranes into the nucleus of the cultured HeLa cancerous cells. Low RF radiation of 350 kHz triggered the cell death, process that was found to be dependent on the NPs concentration and application time. Compared to carbon nanostructures such as single wall carbon nanotubes, super paramagnetic cobalt nanoparticles demonstrated higher specificity for RF absorption and heating. This work indicates a great potential of a new technology for tumor thermal ablation.

scholarly journals Conformal Radiation Therapy for Pediatric Ependymoma, Chemotherapy for Incompletely Resected Ependymoma, and Observation for Completely Resected, Supratentorial Ependymoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 974-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Merchant ◽  
Anne E. Bendel ◽  
Noah D. Sabin ◽  
Peter C. Burger ◽  
Dennis W. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Histologic Grade ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Conformal Radiation Therapy ◽  
Chromosome 1Q ◽  
Supratentorial Ependymoma ◽  
Infratentorial Tumors ◽  
1Q Gain

PURPOSE The Children’s Oncology Group trial ACNS0121 estimated event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival for children with intracranial ependymoma treated with surgery, radiation therapy, and—selectively—with chemotherapy. Treatment was administered according to tumor location, histologic grade, and extent of resection. The impacts of histologic grade, focal copy number gain on chromosome 1q, and DNA methylation profiles were studied for those undergoing surgery and immediate postoperative conformal radiation therapy (CRT). METHODS ACNS0121 included 356 newly diagnosed patients (ages 1 to 21 years). Patients with classic supratentorial ependymoma were observed after gross total resection (GTR). Those undergoing subtotal resection received chemotherapy, second surgery, and CRT. The remaining patients received immediate postoperative CRT after near-total resection or GTR. CRT was administered with a 1.0-cm clinical target volume margin. The cumulative total dose was 59.4 Gy, except for patients who underwent GTR and were younger than age 18 months (who received 54 Gy). Patients were enrolled between October 2003 and September 2007 and were observed for 5 years. Supratentorial tumors were evaluated for RELA fusion; infratentorial tumors, for chromosome 1q gain. Classification of posterior fossa groups A and B was made by methylation profiles. RESULTS The 5-year EFS rates were 61.4% (95% CI, 34.5% to 89.6%), 37.2% (95% CI, 24.8% to 49.6%), and 68.5% (95% CI, 62.8% to 74.2%) for observation, subtotal resection, and near-total resection/GTR groups given immediate postoperative CRT, respectively. The 5-year EFS rates differed significantly by tumor grade ( P = .0044) but not by age, location, RELA fusion status, or posterior fossa A/posterior fossa B grouping. EFS was higher for patients with infratentorial tumors without 1q gain than with 1q gain (82.8% [95% CI, 74.4% to 91.2%] v 47.4% [95% CI, 26.0% to 68.8%]; P = .0013). CONCLUSION The EFS for patients with ependymoma younger than 3 years of age who received immediate postoperative CRT and for older patients is similar. Irradiation should remain the mainstay of care for most subtypes.

Bilateral extradural hematoma formation following excision of a thoracic intradural lesion

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surash Surash ◽  
Deepti Bhargava ◽  
Atul Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Spinal Metastasis ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Extradural Hematoma ◽  
First Report ◽  
Hematoma Formation ◽  
Ct Head

The authors report an unusual case of a 15-year-old girl who previously underwent resection of a posterior fossa medulloblastoma, and later underwent resection of a thoracic extramedullary metastatic lesion. Her consciousness deteriorated hours after removal of her spinal metastasis. A CT head scan identified bilateral extradural cranial hematomas, which were evacuated. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a patient developing bilateral acute cranial extradural hematomas following excision of a thoracic intradural lesion.

scholarly journals ROLE OF DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MRI IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF PAEDIATRIC POSTERIOR FOSSA TUMORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday Kumawat ◽  
C.P. Swarnkar ◽  
Anu Bhandari ◽  
Meenu Bagarhatta ◽  
K. D. Mendiratta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Posterior Fossa Tumors ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Infratentorial Tumors

Background: Infratentorial tumors accounts for 65% of all paediatric tumors, and most common infratentorial tumors in children include juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA), medulloblastoma, ependymoma and brainstem glioma. An accurate diagnosis has important clinical implications related to treatment and prognosis. DWI and ADC maps provide information regarding the cellularity of tumors and have an important role in the preoperative differentiation of different tumor types. Aim: To evaluate the role of DWI and ADC measurement in distinguishing between the most common pediatric posterior fossa tumors. Methods: In this study, we evaluated 25 paediatric patients aged between 1 to 15 years suspected to have posterior fossa mass on the CT referred from neurosurgery department to our department for MRI brain. All these patients subjected to conventional MRI followed by diffusion MR imaging and calculation of the ADC values. Written consent was taken from the guardians. Results: In juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma ( n = 10), ADC values ranged between 1.3 and 1.9 × 10?3 mm2/s, ependymoma (n = 8), ADC values ranged between 1.1 and 1.5 × 10?3 mm2/s and medulloblastoma (n = 7), ADC values ranged between 0.45 and 0.9 × 10?3 mm2/s. Statistically significant difference in ADC value was detected between JPA, ependymomas and medulloblastomas, while no statistically significant difference was detected between JPA and ependymomas. Conclusion: Diffusion Imaging plays an important role in demonstrating the features of posterior fossa brain tumours for appropriate diagnosis of medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and pilocytic astrocytoma. Keywords: DWI, MRI, Posterior fossa

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

Characterization of RF Sputtered ZnO Piezoelectric Films Using Transmission Electron Microscope

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Kemining W. Yeh ◽  
Richard S. Muller ◽  
Wei-Kuo Wu ◽  
Jack Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Electromechanical Properties ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Saw Devices ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Degree

Considerable and continuing interest has been shown in the thin film transducer fabrication for surface acoustic waves (SAW) in the past few years. Due to the high degree of miniaturization, compatibility with silicon integrated circuit technology, simplicity and ease of design, this new technology has played an important role in the design of new devices for communications and signal processing. Among the commonly used piezoelectric thin films, ZnO generally yields superior electromechanical properties and is expected to play a leading role in the development of SAW devices.

Gut microbiome a promising target for management of respiratory diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (14) ◽  
pp. 2679-2696
Author(s):  
Riddhi Trivedi ◽  
Kalyani Barve
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Flora ◽  
On Chip

The intestinal microbial flora has risen to be one of the important etiological factors in the development of diseases like colorectal cancer, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, anxiety and Parkinson's. The emergence of the association between bacterial flora and lungs led to the discovery of the gut–lung axis. Dysbiosis of several species of colonic bacteria such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and transfer of these bacteria from gut to lungs via lymphatic and systemic circulation are associated with several respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, asthma, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, etc. Current therapies for dysbiosis include use of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to restore the balance between various species of beneficial bacteria. Various approaches like nanotechnology and microencapsulation have been explored to increase the permeability and viability of probiotics in the body. The need of the day is comprehensive study of mechanisms behind dysbiosis, translocation of microbiota from gut to lung through various channels and new technology for evaluating treatment to correct this dysbiosis which in turn can be used to manage various respiratory diseases. Microfluidics and organ on chip model are emerging technologies that can satisfy these needs. This review gives an overview of colonic commensals in lung pathology and novel systems that help in alleviating symptoms of lung diseases. We have also hypothesized new models to help in understanding bacterial pathways involved in the gut–lung axis as well as act as a futuristic approach in finding treatment of respiratory diseases caused by dysbiosis.

A Qualitative Examination of User Perceptions of User-Driven and App-Controlled Hearing Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Nicole Matthews ◽  
Elizabeth Convery
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Template Analysis ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
And Training

Purpose The aim of this study was to examine how hearing aid candidates perceive user-driven and app-controlled hearing aids and the effect these concepts have on traditional hearing health care delivery. Method Eleven adults (3 women, 8 men), recruited among 60 participants who had completed a research study evaluating an app-controlled, self-fitting hearing aid for 12 weeks, participated in a semistructured interview. Participants were over 55 years of age and had varied experience with hearing aids and smartphones. A template analysis was applied to data. Results Five themes emerged from the interviews: (a) prerequisites to the successful implementation of user-driven and app-controlled technologies, (b) benefits and advantages of user-driven and app-controlled technologies, (c) barriers to the acceptance and use of user-driven and app-controlled technologies, (d) beliefs that age is a significant factor in how well people will adopt new technology, and (e) consequences that flow from the adoption of user-driven and app-controlled technologies. Specifically, suggested benefits of the technology included fostering empowerment and providing cheaper and more discrete options, while challenges included lack of technological self-efficacy among older adults. Training and support were emphasized as necessary for successful adaptation and were suggested to be a focus of audiologic services in the future. Conclusion User perceptions of user-driven and app-controlled hearing technologies challenge the audiologic profession to provide adequate support and training for use of the technology and manufacturers to make the technology more accessible to older people.

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