Temozolomide chronotherapy in patients with glioblastoma: a retrospective single institute study

Abstract Background Chronotherapy is an innovative approach to improving survival through timed delivery of anti-cancer treatments according to patient daily rhythms. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a standard-of-care chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma (GBM). Whether timing of TMZ administration affects GBM patient outcome has not previously been studied. We sought to evaluate maintenance TMZ chronotherapy on GBM patient survival. Methods This retrospective study reviewed patients with newly diagnosed GBM from 1/1/2010 to 12/31/2018 at Washington University School of Medicine who had surgery, chemoradiation, and were prescribed TMZ to be taken in the morning or evening. The Kaplan Meier method and Cox regression model were used for overall survival (OS) analyses. The propensity score method accounted for potential observational study biases. The restricted mean survival time (RMST) method was performed where the proportional hazard assumption was violated. Results We analyzed 166 eligible GBM patients with a median follow-up of 5.07 years. Patients taking morning TMZ exhibited longer OS compared to evening (median OS, 95% CI =1.43,1.12~1.92 vs. 1.13,0.84~1.58 years) with a significant year 1 RMST difference (-0.09, 95% CI:-0.16~-0.018). Among MGMT-methylated patients, median OS was 6 months longer for AM patients with significant RMST differences at years 1 (-0.13, 95% CI=-0.24~-0.019) to 2.5 (-0.43, 95% CI=-0.84~-0.028). Superiority of morning TMZ at years 1, 2 and 5 (all p<0.05) among all patients was supported by RMST difference regression after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions Our study presents preliminary evidence for the benefit of TMZ chronotherapy to GBM patient survival. This impact is more pronounced in MGMT-methylated patients.

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Ruthenium-106 versus iodine-125 plaque brachytherapy of 571 choroidal melanomas with a thickness of ≥5.5 mm

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maria Filì ◽

Eric Trocme ◽

Louise Bergman ◽

Thonnie Rose Ong See ◽

Helder André ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cox Regression ◽

Patient Survival ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Choroidal Melanomas ◽

Iodine 125 ◽

Size Controlled ◽

Disease Specific ◽

Related Mortality ◽

Plaque Brachytherapy

BackgroundEpiscleral brachytherapy is the most common eye-preserving treatment for medium-sized choroidal melanomas. γ-emitting iodine-125 (125I) and β-emitting ruthenium-106 (106Ru) are widely used. The latter is however generally reserved for thinner tumours (<6 mm). In this study, we compare ocular and patient survival in thicker tumours treated with the respective radioisotope.MethodsAll patients with ≥5.5 mm thick choroidal melanomas who were treated with plaque brachytherapy at a single institution between 1 November 1979 and 31 December 2015 were included (n=571). Size-controlled Cox regression HRs for postbrachytherapy enucleation, repeated brachytherapy and melanoma-related mortality were calculated, as well as Kaplan-Meier disease-specific survival and relative 10-year survival in matched subgroups.Results317 patients were treated with 106Ru and 254 with 125I. The rate of repeated brachytherapy was significantly higher among patients treated with 106Ru (8%) than with 125I (1%, p<0.001). Size-controlled Cox regression HRs for postbrachytherapy enucleation (125I vs 106Ru 0.7, p=0.083) and melanoma-related mortality were not significant (125I vs 106Ru 1.1, p=0.63). Similarly, Kaplan-Meier disease-specific and relative 10-year survival was comparable in matched groups of 5.5–7.4 mm (relative survival 106Ru 59%, 125I 56%) and ≥7.5 mm thick tumours (relative survival 106Ru 46%, 125I 44%).ConclusionsRates of repeated brachytherapy were significantly higher among patients treated with 106Ru versus 125I for thick choroidal melanomas. There were, however, no significant differences in rates of enucleation or patient survival.

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Renal Remission Status and Longterm Renal Survival in Patients with Lupus Nephritis: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.161554 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 671-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Julie E. Davidson ◽

Qinggong Fu ◽

Beulah Ji ◽

Sapna Rao ◽

David Roth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Renal Survival ◽

Endstage Renal Disease ◽

American College Of Rheumatology ◽

Remission Status ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Remission Criteria

Objective.This observational study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected Hopkins Lupus Cohort data to compare longterm renal survival in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) who achieved complete (CR), partial (PR), or no remission following standard-of-care LN induction therapy.Methods.Eligible patients with biopsy-proven LN (revised American College of Rheumatology or Systemic Lupus Collaborating Clinics criteria) were identified and categorized into ordinal (CR, PR, or no remission) or binary (response or no response) renal remission categories at 24 months post-diagnosis [modified Aspreva Lupus Management Study (mALMS) and modified Belimumab International Lupus Nephritis Study (mBLISS-LN) criteria]. The primary endpoint was longterm renal survival [without endstage renal disease (ESRD) or death].Results.In total, 176 patients met the inclusion criteria. At Month 24 postbiopsy, more patients met mALMS remission criteria (CR = 59.1%, PR = 30.1%) than mBLISS-LN criteria (CR = 40.9%, PR = 16.5%). During subsequent followup, 18 patients developed ESRD or died. Kaplan–Meier plots suggested patients with no remission at Month 24 were more likely than those with PR or CR to develop the outcome using either mALMS (p = 0.0038) and mBLISS-LN (p = 0.0097) criteria for remission. Based on Cox regression models adjusted for key confounders, those in CR according to the mBLISS-LN (HR 0.254, 95% CI 0.082–0.787; p = 0.0176) and mALMS criteria (HR 0.228, 95% CI 0.063–0.828; p = 0.0246) were significantly less likely to experience ESRD/mortality than those not in remission.Conclusion.Renal remission status at 24 months following LN diagnosis is a significant predictor of longterm renal survival, and a clinically relevant endpoint.

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Both age and location predict survival in childhood ependymoma: A SEER study

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9545 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 9545-9545

Author(s):

C. S. McGuire ◽

K. L. Cobb ◽

P. G. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Case Reports ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Biological Entity ◽

Rigorous Analysis ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Significant Covariates ◽

Better Than

9545 Background: Supratentorial (SUP) ependymoma in childhood has been reported in studies with limited samples to carry improved overall survival (OS) compared to infratentorial (INF) tumors, with spinal (SPI) ependymoma having the best outcome. Moreover, radiation therapy (XRT) for INF tumors has been considered standard of care, though there have been case reports of children treated successfully without XRT. Thus, we aimed to examine how age, gender, location, XRT and race influence OS in childhood ependymoma by rigorous analysis of a large registry. Methods: We queried the Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (SEER) registry from 1973 to 2003, strictly defining ependymomas by histology (ICD-O-3: 9391–9394). ICD-0–2 site codes, when available, were used to distinguish SUP, INF, and SPI tumors. OS was compared by age, gender, race, location, and XRT, using Kaplan-Meier analysis with logrank tests in SPSS 12.0 (Chicago, IL). Cox regression incorporated all significant covariates from univariate analysis. A similar analysis was conducted to determine whether findings differed in adults. Results: 635 children <18 years at diagnosis were identified (265 females; 510 whites, 77 blacks; 106 SUP, 193 INF, 55 SPI) with 5-year OS 57.1% ± standard error 2.3%. With univariate analysis, OS did not differ by gender or race. For location, 5-year OS did not differ between SUP 59.5% ± 5.4% and INF 57.1% ± 4.1%, but was significantly better for SPI 86.7% ± 5.2%. With multivariate analysis, location and age remained significant predictors for OS, with younger children having worse outcome. A similar multivariate analysis in 1388 adults again showed age and location to be significant. Adults fared better than children (logrank p <0.0001). XRT of INF tumors was associated with significantly improved OS in children (logrank p <0.018), but did not lead to an OS difference among adults. Conclusions: Age and location directly influence OS in childhood ependymoma. SPI tumors are associated with a significantly better prognosis than other ependymomas. This study could not show a difference in OS between SUP and INF tumors, proposed recently to have different stem cell origins. SPI tumors may represent a distinct biological entity. Curiously, XRT is associated with improved OS in pediatric, but not adult, INF ependymomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Arkansas Autotransplant (AT) Experience with > 2500 Myeloma (MM) Patients: Follow-Up Extending to >15 Years.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v106.11.1149.1149 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 1149-1149

Author(s):

Frits van Rhee ◽

Guido Tricot ◽

Elias Anaissie ◽

Maureen Reiner ◽

Maurizio Zangari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cox Regression ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Previously Treated Patients ◽

The University

Abstract Background: AT’s have become the standard of care for MM. Long-term follow-up studies from large centers are critical to understand who benefits most and who should be considered for alternative treatment approaches. Patients and Methods: 2,605 MM patients receiving at least one AT at the University of Arkansas were considered for this study. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate median event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Cox regression was used to evaluate independent prognostic factors of EFS and OS from AT. Results: Of the 2,605 patients, 891 were enrolled into front line Total Therapy (TT) protocols TT1/2/3 (TT); 1,012 were treated on protocols for previously treated patients (non-TT); and 702 were treated off protocol due to significant co-morbidities or patient/MD preference (non-P). Median EFS and OS for all patients are 29 mo and 51 mo; 10-yr EFS and OS are 18% and 23%; 12% survived >15yr. Features independently predicting superior survival included TT (HR 0.51, p<.001), absence of cytogenetic abnormalities (no CA) (HR 0.47, p<.001), timely application of 2nd transplant (< 6 months of 1st transplant) (HR 0.71, p<.001) as well as B2M < 3mg/L, CRP < 6mg/dL, albumin >=3g/dL, platelet count >=100.000/microL (all p<.001) and age <65yr (p=.008). The figure depicts survival (landmarked at 6 months after 1st transplant) according to the number of favorable features present of the 5 strongest predictors (TT, 2 transplants within 6 months, no CA, low B2M, low CRP). Conclusion: This large single institution experience demonstrates that > 10yr survival can be accomplished in over one-half of the patients presenting without CA (14%), with low levels of B2M and CRP and receiving TT and timely 2nd autotransplant. The worst constellation affected 5% of all patients presenting with at most 1 good-risk feature whose 5-yr survival was only 8%. Collectively, these data should serve as a standard for MM investigators and patients alike, against which long-term outcome of newer treatments should be measured. Figure Figure

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Institutional retrospective review of presurgical cisplatin-based chemotherapy (chemo) in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC): Gemcitabine+cisplatin (GC) versus dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin (ddMVAC).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2015.33.7_suppl.365 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. 365-365

Author(s):

Lauren Christine Harshman ◽

Susanna J. Jacobus ◽

Stephanie A. Mullane ◽

Hope Feldman ◽

Michelle S. Hirsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cox Regression ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Logrank Test ◽

Exact Test ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Node Positive Disease ◽

Muscle Invasive ◽

Dose Dense

365 Background: Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemo is the standard of care for muscle invasive UC. ddMVAC and GC are frequently used regimens but have not been directly compared. The choice is often based on physician preference and toxicity profile. We interrogated a pre-existing database of UC patients (pts) for differences in efficacy and toxicity among them. Methods: From 2007-2013, consecutive pts who had received presurgical chemo prior to primary tumor resection for muscle invasive, non-metastatic UC were identified. Tolerability, toxicity and efficacy were evaluated. Rates were calculated by regimen and compared using Fisher’s exact test. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by regimen using logrank test. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) in univariate and adjusted models. Results: Of the96 patients eligible for analysis (GC: 40, ddMVAC: 56), 42% of GC pts had ≥cT3 and 23% had cN+ compared to 62% and 39% with ddMVAC. pCR rate was 18% for GC and 27% for ddMVAC (p=0.33). With a median follow-up of 28 mo., 2-yr OS probabilities were 59% [95% CI:(39-74)] on GC and 77%[95%CI:(60-87%)] on ddMVAC (p=0.1). Conclusions: Despite having more clinical ≥T3 and node positive disease at baseline, ddMVAC is at least as active as GC and achieved a numerically higher rate of pCRs/≤pT1 than GC in our cohort. No unexpected toxicities surfaced. Dose delays, discontinuations, and most selected toxicities appeared higher with GC. Neither DFS or OS significantly differed between the two regimens, however, there was a trend to greater benefit with ddMVAC. [Table: see text]

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EVALUATIONOFRENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPYQUALITY IN UKRAINE: TIME FOR ACTIONS

Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis ◽

10.31450/ukrjnd.2(46).2015.01 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 3-12

Author(s):

Mykola Kolesnyk ◽

Nadiya Kozlyuk

Keyword(s):

Cox Regression ◽

Patient Survival ◽

International Perspective ◽

Soviet Period ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Home Based ◽

The Status ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

Background. Little is known about the status of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in the post-Soviet period of Ukraine. We therefore investigated the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of RRT in Ukrainian patients and put the results into an international perspective. Methods. Data from the Ukrainian National Renal Registry for patients on RRT between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2012 were selected. We calculated the incidence and prevalence of RRT per million population (pmp) and the 3-, 12- and 24-month patient survival using the Kaplan— Meier method and Cox regression Results. There were 5985prevalent patients on RRT on 31 December 2012 (131,2 pmp). Mean age was 46,5 ± 13,8 years, 56% were men and 74% received haemodialysis (HD), while peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation both represented 13%. The most common cause of end-stage renal disease was glomerulonephritis (51%), while only 12% had diabetes. In 2012, 1129 patients started dialysis (incidence 24,8 pmp), with 80% on HD. Mean age was 48 ± 14 years, 58% were men and 20% had diabetes. Three, 12- and 24-month patient survival on dialysis was 95,1%, 86,0% and 76,4%, respectively. The transplant rate in 2012 was 2,1 pmp. Conclusions. The incidence and prevalence of RRT and the transplantation rate in Ukraine are among the lowest in Europe, suggesting that the need for RRT is not being met. Strategies to reduce the RRT deficit include the development and improvement of transplantation and home-based dialysis programs. Further evaluation of the quality of Ukrainian RRT care is needed.

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Povezanost ishoda transplantacije bubrega s obilježjima primatelja i darivatelja

Medicina Fluminensis ◽

10.21860/medflum2020_245233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 537-542

Author(s):

Ivan Neretljak ◽

Franjo Jurenec ◽

Mladen Knotek ◽

Mario Sučić ◽

Dinko Škegro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Kidney Transplantation ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Patient Survival ◽

Network Information ◽

Transplant Outcomes ◽

Transplant Patients ◽

Kaplan Meier

Aim: Although kidney transplantation is the best method of replacing renal function, there is still a need to improve long-term outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the independent association of recipient and donor demographic factors, underlying renal disease, duration of dialysis treatment, tissue typing mismatch, and sensitization with transplant outcomes in a contemporary cohort of kidney transplant patients. Patients and methods: The study included patients who had a kidney transplantation at Clinical Hospital Merkur from June 2007 to the end of 2018. Transplant outcomes were monitored until December 31, 2019. The minimum follow-up time was 1 year. Data were collected using reports from the Eurotransplant Network Information System (ENIS) application (<a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.eurotransplant.org)">www.eurotransplant.org)</a>. Survival is shown by Kaplan-Meier curves. The association of survival with specific recipient and donor characteristics was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Results: In the period from June 2007 to the end of 2018, 480 kidneys were transplanted in 472 patients. The 10-year patient survival was 72%. Ten-year renal survival censored for the death of renal function patients was 93%. In the multivariate analysis, only recipient age at transplantation, diabetes as the cause of underlying renal disease and duration of dialysis remained independently associated with patient survival. Conclusion: Long-term graft survival is excellent after kidney transplantation. Long-term patient survival can be improved by prevention, early detection and intensive treatment of chronic diseases.

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Prognostic Value of Serum Osteoprotegerin Level in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Surgical Resection

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.731989 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Chihao Zhang ◽

Jiayun Lin ◽

Xiaochun Ni ◽

Hongjie Li ◽

Lei Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Radical Resection ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Restricted Mean Survival Time ◽

Cox Analysis

BackgroundMultiple studies have reported that tissue or serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) level is a prognostic factor for patients with cancer. However, little is known about the role of serum OPG in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether serum OPG concentration has an effect on HCC patients’ prognosis.MethodsA total of 386 eligible HCC patients undergoing radical hepatectomy were enrolled from Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital and Zhongshan Hospital between 2010 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression model, and the restricted mean survival time (RMST) were used to estimate the association of OPG and HCC patients’ survival outcome. In addition, sensitivity analyses were carried out including subgroup analysis and propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsPatients were separated into two groups according to the cut-off value of OPG calculated by X-tile. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that patients with high OPG level had worse overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.40–2.66, p<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.39–2.47, p<0.001) before matching. On average, RMST ratio between high and low OPG turned out to be 0.797 (95% CI: 0.716–0.887, p<0.001). In the matched population, we found that OPG level was negatively associated with OS (HR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.25–2.74, p=0.002) and DFS (HR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.20–2.44, p=0.003). In addition, a similar trend was further confirmed by subgroup analyses.ConclusionIn a word, HCC patients with high OPG level had poorer survival rates compared with HCC patients with low OPG level. This factor could act as a potential prognostic predictor for HCC patients who underwent radical resection in the future.

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Comparing Survival between Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Treatment in Esrd Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686081003000101 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 86-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Che-Yi Chou ◽

I-Kuan Wang ◽

Jiung-Hsiun Liu ◽

Hsin-Hung Lin ◽

Shu-Ming Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Chronic Hepatitis C ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Patient Survival ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

B Virus ◽

Esrd Patients

Objective End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are associated with an increasing mortality risk on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). The aim of this study was to compare patient survival between HCV-positive patients undergoing PD versus HD. Methods We reviewed 78 PD and 78 HD patients with chronic hepatitis C infection in China Medical University Hospital from 1996 to 2006. The HD patients were selected using the propensity score matching method. Kaplan–Meier analysis with log-rank test was used to compare patient survival between patients treated with PD and those treated with HD. Possible prognostic factors were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression with adjustments for age, sex, and propensity score. Results Mortality rate was 50% (39/78) for PD and 41% (32/78) for HD (chi-square test p = 0.26). Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease were present in 43.6%, 25.6%, and 14.1% of patients, respectively. Kaplan–Meier estimate and univariate Cox regression with adjustments for age and propensity score showed that HCV patients treated with PD had a similar survival to those treated with HD ( p = 0.381 and p = 0.363). In forward stepwise Cox regression, positivity for hepatitis B virus surface antigen ( p < 0.001), diabetes ( p = 0.009), and serum albumin ( p = 0.032) were independently associated with higher mortality. Conclusion Patient survival is not different between ESRD patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with PD and those treated with HD. In ESRD patients positive for HCV, being positive for hepatitis B virus is an important prognostic factor.

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Chemoradiotherapy Using Carboplatin plus Paclitaxel versus Cisplatin plus Fluorouracil for Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

Oncology ◽

10.1159/000510446 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (1) ◽

pp. 49-56

Author(s):

Di Maria Jiang ◽

Hao-Wen Sim ◽

Osvaldo Espin-Garcia ◽

Bryan A. Chan ◽

Akina Natori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cox Regression ◽

Gastroesophageal Junction ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Trimodality Therapy ◽

Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer ◽

Kaplan Meier

Background: Trimodality therapy (TMT) with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) using concurrent carboplatin plus paclitaxel (CP) followed by surgery is the standard of care for locoregional esophageal or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancers. Alternatively, nCRT with cisplatin plus fluorouracil (CF) can be used. Definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) with CP or CF can be used if surgery is not planned. In the absence of comparative trials, we aimed to evaluate outcomes of CP and CF in the settings of TMT and dCRT. Methods: A single-site, retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre to identify all patients who received CRT for locoregional esophageal or GEJ cancer. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox regression model. The inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used for sensitivity analysis. Results: Between 2011 and 2015, 93 patients with esophageal (49%) and GEJ (51%) cancers underwent nCRT (n = 67; 72%) or dCRT (n = 26; 28%). Median age was 62.3 years and 74% were male. Median follow-up was 23.9 months. Comparing CP to CF in the setting of TMT, the OS and DFS rates were similar. In the setting of dCRT, CP was associated with significantly inferior 3-year OS (36 vs. 63%; p = 0.001; HR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.2–7.7) and DFS (0 vs. 41%; p = 0.004; HR 3.6; 95% CI: 1.4–8.9) on multivariable and IPTW sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: TMT with CF and CP produced comparable outcomes. However, for dCRT, CF may be a superior regimen.

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