scholarly journals African histoplasmosis of the penis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tchin Darré ◽  
Matchonna Kpatcha ◽  
Toukilnan Djiwa ◽  
Edoé Sewa ◽  
Améyo Monique Dorkenoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Cells ◽  
Clear Halo ◽  
Deep Mycosis ◽  
African Histoplasmosis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mycological Examination

Abstract African Histoplasmosis is deep mycosis caused by Histoplasma duboisii and genitourinary involvement is extremely rare. We report a case of African histoplasmosis in a 27-year-old subject with painful penis ulcer. Ulcer edge biopsy had revealed inflammatory granulomas made of epithelioid cells, lymphoplasmocytes, polynuclear eosinophils and giant multinucleated cells, with ovoid yeasts surrounded by a clear halo. PAS and Grocott stains revealed numerous fungal structures with a morphology measuring 7 to 15 nm. The diagnosis Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii was placed and the patient put on itraconazole (400 mg/day) for six months with a good course. African histoplasmosis of the subject penis is an extremely rare entity. The diagnosis of certainty often makes use of histology and mycological examination, and makes it possible to eliminate differential diagnoses such as cryptoccocosis, tuberculosis or cancer.

scholarly journals Gorham Stout disease: a case report from Syria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asil Esper ◽  
Sami Alhoulaiby ◽  
Areege Emran ◽  
Safwan Youssef ◽  
Zuheir Alshehabi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Relative Improvement ◽  
Cellular Atypia ◽  
Pathologic Fractures

Abstract Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare entity that destroys the bone matrix resulting mainly in osteolysis, pain and pathologic fractures among a broader clinical picture. We report a case of a 60-year-old female with a sudden discovery of pathologic fractures in the pelvis and the absence of the left femoral head. On biopsy, no cellular atypia was found, instead disturbed bone formation with prominent vascularity with scattered foci of necrosis & osteolysis, which lead to the diagnosis of GSD. Possible differential diagnoses were discussed and excluded. The patient was put on Bisphosphonate that led to a relative improvement in the symptoms. This disease needs a more thorough investigation to identify the key cause, what is beyond the scope of this report.

scholarly journals Acute disseminated histoplasmosis and endocarditis

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo G. SCAPELLATO ◽  
Javier DESSE ◽  
Ricardo NEGRONI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
The Subject

Acute disseminated histoplasmosis is a frequent condition in HIV carriers. Thirty-five cases of endocarditis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum have been reported in international literature, and all these descriptions correspond to a context of subacute disseminated histoplasmosis. This paper presents the case of a HIV-positive patient with fever, dyspnea, weight loss, vomiting and polyadenopathies to whom histoplasmosis was diagnosed following blood-cultures and isolation of the agent responsible for cutaneous lesions, and in whom aortic-valve vegetations were found during an echocardiogram. The patient was treated with amphotericin B and had a good outcome; subsequent echocardiograms showed no vegetations. Literature on the subject is reviewed, with special emphasis on diagnosis and treatment of previously described cases.

scholarly journals Catatonia

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundararajan Rajagopal
Keyword(s):  
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Key Aspects

Catatonia is an important phenomenon in both psychiatry and general medicine. This article provides an overview of the key aspects of catatonia, including clinical features, differential diagnoses, management and prognosis. The different types of catatonia, the position of catatonia in the psychiatric classificatory systems, use of catatonia rating scales and the association between catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome are also covered. Abnormalities that have been hypothesised as being possible underlying mechanisms in catatonia are highlighted. The article aims to provide clinicians with a comprehensive update on the subject, with information derived from an extensive range of relevant references.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Clear Cell Sarcomas of the Duodenum and Jejunum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maitham A. Moslim ◽  
Gavin A. Falk ◽  
Michael Cruise ◽  
Gareth Morris-Stiff
Keyword(s):  
Clear Cell ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tumor ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Resection Specimen ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Disease Free

Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) is an uncommon tumor that usually presents as an extremity mass but can rarely manifest as a gastrointestinal tumor with a diverse spectrum of symptoms, most commonly related to a mass effect or ulceration. Herein we report a case in which two separate tumors, one in the duodenum and the other in the jejunum, present concurrently. The subject presented with symptomatic anemia and underwent imaging and endoscopic studies that culminated in the discovery of the two lesions. He subsequently underwent operative treatment with resection of both tumors and made an unremarkable recovery. The resection specimen consisted of two separate clear cell sarcomas with negative margins. Under microscopic evaluation, they demonstrated nested growths of epithelioid cells with scattered spindled cells infiltrating the enteric wall. The neoplastic cells were positive for S100 with scattered expression of Melan A. Florescence in situ hybridization revealed a translocation at the EWRS1 locus. He was disease-free for 30 months following the procedure; then he developed a rapidly progressing metastatic disease with subsequent death 4 months later.

Psychotropic-induced sexual dysfunction

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik R. Borg ◽  
Benjamin Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Psychotropic Medication ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Dopaminergic Activity ◽  
The Subject

Psychotropic-induced sexual dysfunction is a common and bothersome side effect of psychotropic medications. The majority of information available on the subject primarily pertains to antidepressants, but antipsychotics can also cause significant sexual dysfunction. The mechanisms behind these adverse events are thought to be primarily due to antidepressants' effects on serotonin and to antipsychotics' anti-dopaminergic activity. Sexual dysfunction can have many causes, not just psychotropic medication, therefore this article aims to examine the etiology of sexual dysfunction, as well as discuss differential diagnoses. Treatment for psychotropic-induced sexual dysfunction will be discussed, with more data available for the treatment of antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. The paucity of data for antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction does make it more difficult to treat.

scholarly journals Riedel’s Thyroiditis: Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Victor Manuel Blanco ◽  
Camilo Andrés Páez ◽  
Angela María Victoria ◽  
Luis Guillermo Arango ◽  
Ana María Arrunategui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Riedel’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Fibrotic Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fibrotic Disorders ◽  
Riedel's Thyroiditis

Riedel’s thyroiditis is a rare entity consisting of a fibrotic process of the thyroid which can generate gland destruction, infiltration of cervical structures and even airway obstruction. It has been associated with systemic fibrotic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and more recently with spectrum of diseases related to excess of Immunoglobulin G type 4 (IgG4). Two cases of Riedel’s thyroiditis by IgG4, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and was managed surgically with favorable results during the follow-up time, are presented. These case descriptions highlight the diagnostic challenge of this disease, describe the response with surgical management, and make a brief update on the subject.

Suicide and parasuicide pathology in everyday life

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 193-206
Author(s):  
Raluca Vârgolici ◽  
Eduard Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Confusional States

Suicide (derived from the words sui = self and cidium = killing) means any case in which death results directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act, committed by the victim him/herself, who knows that it must produce this result (Durkheim). Pseudo-suicidal behaviours (false killings). The notion of suicide tends to be replaced by that of suicidal behaviour, which includes: successful suicide, suicide attempts, suicide ideas, presuicidal syndrome. From the definition of suicide, it follows that it is considered as such that act in relation to which the subject evaluates the consequences. Implicitly, this category will not include deaths that occurred during confusional states, which are accidental (although this article makes examples, exposures, references, differential diagnoses with this pathology as well), crepuscular, epileptic moods, dementia.

scholarly journals Peritoneal histoplasmosis. Case report

Case reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marcela Fino-Velásquez ◽  
Fernán Santiago Zambrano-Muñoz ◽  
Alejandro Vega-Molina ◽  
Sebastián Felipe Sierra-Umaña ◽  
Silvio Javier Rosero-Paredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
First Case ◽  
High Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Amphotericin B Deoxycholate ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Introduction: Histoplasmosis is an opportu­nistic granulomatous fungal infection. Peritoneal histoplasmosis (PH) is a rare form of dissem­inated histoplasmosis (DH).Case description: A 44-year-old male pa­tient with history of HIV infection, systemic lupus erythematosus with lupus nephritis, and chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis, presented with recurrent ascites without clear etiology in the serial study of ascitic fluid. Con­trast computed tomography of the abdomen showed a nonspecific peritoneal nodule, for which laparoscopy and biopsy were performed, identifying Histoplasma capsulatum infection. The subject received 15 days of in-hospital treatment with amphotericin B deoxycholate with good evolution, no recurrence of ascites, and indefinite outpatient management with itraconazole.Discussion: The first case of PH was described in 1970 but this is the first case reported in Co­lombia. Most cases of PH have been associated with peritoneal dialysis. Its diagnosis is based on the study of ascitic fluid and its treatment follows the guidelines of other forms DH.Conclusions: PH is a rare entity that requires high clinical suspicion, especially in immuno­compromised patients.

scholarly journals Adrenocortical sarcomatoid carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derqaoui Sabrine ◽  
Bernoussi Zakia ◽  
Znati Kaoutar
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Rare Cancer ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
The Right

Abstract Adrenal sarcomatoid carcinoma (ASC) is a very rare aggressive variant of adrenocortical carcinoma showing carcinomatous and sarcomatous differentiation. It is a poorly differentiated carcinoma with poor prognosis. The diagnosis requires careful histological and immunohistochemical investigation. We describe a new case of ASC to raise awareness on this extremely rare entity. A 27-year-old woman presented with a right flank pain. Imaging revealed a tissular mass of the right adrenal gland without metastases. After adrenalectomy, histology revealed sheets of epithelioid cells that stained for synaptophysin and Melan-A; and spindled cells staining for S-100. We have reported the clinical and histopathological features of ACS’s case; as it is an extremely rare cancer with a challenging diagnosis. There is a need for a further understanding of ASC’s biology to improve it poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Sinonasal Angioleiomyoma: A Rare Entity

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rubeena Arora ◽  
Shubh Mahindru ◽  
Komal Kathuria 
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
North India ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Nasal Mass ◽  
First Case ◽  
Nose And Throat ◽  
Area Of Origin

The present case of angioleiomyoma of the nasal cavity in a 59-year-old male is unique, being the first case from North India and also because of its unique area of origin. The patient was referred to the Ear, Nose and Throat Outpatient Department with a diagnosis of an asymptomatic nasal mass. Biopsy done on the mass in another hospital reported angiofibroma. Excision was done after all relevant investigations. Histopathology revealed diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed desmin, SMA, and H-caldesmon positivity, consistent with the diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. Our case report thus highlights the im­portance of including this diagnosis in the differential diagnoses of nasal masses.

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