The Racial Politics of Microbes in Colonial Dakar

2020 ◽  
pp. 170-188
Author(s):  
Aro Velmet
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Racial Politics ◽  
West African ◽  
The Political ◽  
Pasteur Institute ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Stability

This chapter analyzes how the 1928 yellow fever epidemic caused a major political upset in colonial Dakar, reoriented West African public health policies, and empowered the Pasteur Institute in the region. With the plague outbreaks of 1914, public health responses became politically controversial, as they became used by African leaders such as Blaise Diagne. The disease ecology of yellow fever, however, which affected primarily Europeans rather than natives of West Africa, empowered Diagne to call out racist French policies and threatened the stability of French rule. The Pasteur Institute’s proposal to develop a vaccine was widely seen as an opportunity to calm the political situation.

Looking Forward to the Past? The Politics of Public Health

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Baggott
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Agents ◽  
Public Health Reform ◽  
Public Health Movement

ABSTRACTThis article explores the role of political agents, institutions, circumstances, and ideas in the development of public health policies in Britain. The first part attempts to define public health. The second section of the article looks at the experience of the Victorian public health movement. The final part considers the re-emergence of the public health perspective. The underlying theme of the article is that an awareness of the political dimension, both contemporary and historical, improves our understanding of developments in the field of public health. The main conclusions reached are: first, that given the formidable political obstacles which exist, public health reform will only succeed if the reformers themselves operate with full awareness of the political dimension; second, that the modern public health debate is unlikely to be resolved in the short term.

Election dispute belies Togo's deeper stability risks

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
West African ◽  
The Political ◽  
The West ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Franc Zone ◽  
The Military ◽  
Democratic Norms

Subject The political outlook in Togo. Significance On April 28, the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI) announced that President Faure Gnassingbe had won re-election in the presidential ballot held on April 25, with 58.75% of the vote. His controversial third term will extend his family's rule to nearly 50 years. Opposition candidate Jean-Pierre Fabre secured 34.95% of the vote. His Combat for Political Change (CAP) alliance rejects the result. Impacts Western donors' effectiveness at pushing for democratic norms will wane as Togo, like other African states, accesses new debt sources. Togo's membership of the West African CFA franc zone, which is backed by the French treasury, will ensure currency stability. A Burkina Faso-style ouster of Gnassingbe is unlikely, for now -- he enjoys the support of the military who first installed him. Despite being spared the Ebola crisis, standards of public health will remain poor, with child mortality rates far above global averages.

scholarly journals Human Rights in a Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-252
Author(s):  
A. Zhebit
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Face

The article is focused on the problem of human rights (HRs), limited or derogated from, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. While addressing some HRs limitations, derogations and even abuses, and their consequent problems, the aim is to try to analyze policy, social, moral and personal dilemmas of HRs restrictions as well as motivations behind the types of public and social behavior, in the course of the pandemic, in response to the public measures of sanitation, social distancing and confinement, travel restrictions and social assistance, recommended by the WHO and selectively followed by governments. Learning from some old experience and deriving new lessons from the pandemic, as well as from public and social actions and reactions, the purpose of the present article is to assess whether or not public health policies in this context, implemented nationally or internationally, can promote change in the HRs paradigm in the face of the existing dilemmas and dichotomies in HRs, aggravated by the pandemic. The conclusion is that the extant HRs paradigm should be redefined to address better the political, social, economic, environmental and, especially, existential exigencies of “rainy times”, thus leading to the creation of a new universal HRs code or to harmonizing the existing one.

scholarly journals Advancing public health policy making through research on the political strategies of alcohol industry actors

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim McCambridge ◽  
Kypros Kypri ◽  
Trevor A Sheldon ◽  
Mary Madden ◽  
Thomas F Babor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Mortality Burden ◽  
Global Influence

Abstract Development and implementation of evidence-based policies is needed in order to ameliorate the rising toll of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Alcohol is a key cause of the mortality burden and alcohol policies are under-developed. This is due in part to the global influence of the alcohol industry. We propose that a better understanding of the methods and the effectiveness of alcohol industry influence on public health policies will support efforts to combat such influence, and advance global health. Many of the issues on the research agenda we propose will inform, and be informed by, research into the political influence of other commercial actors.

Uma experiência de formação para a participação social

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Francisca Fabiana da Silva ◽  
José Carlos Martins da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Social

Resumo: O presente trabalho configura-se como um estudo acerca da atuação da Pastoral da Criança no controle social das políticas públicas de saúde, especificamente no desenvolvimento de processos de formação que favorecem a participação social e o exercício da cidadania, que constituem práticas fundamentais para a construção da sociedade do Bem Viver. As atividades realizadas pelos voluntários, capacitados pela Pastoral da Criança, nos espaços políticos e sociais, semeiam esperança junto a um povo sofrido, esquecido pela sua condição social, ao mesmo tempo que fortalecem a comunidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, em que analisamos a ação da entidade à luz dos materiais educativos produzidos para formação e acompanhamento dos agentes voluntários. Como pressupostos teóricos utilizamos, entre outros, os estudos de Gonh (2011), Pastoral da Criança (2000, 2008) e Nascimento (2006). Os resultados revelam que as ações desenvolvidas pela Pastoral da Criança aliadas à participação política dos voluntários, nos conselhos municipais de saúde e na comunidade, contribuem para a melhoria das políticas públicas de saúde e se constituem como práticas sociais efetivas de construção da cidadania.  Palavras-chave: Formação; Participação Social; Saúde; Cidadania.  Abstract: The present work is a study about the performance of Pastoral da Criança in the social control of public health policies, which are fundamental practices for the construction of the society of well live. The activities carried out by volunteers, trained by Pastoral da Criança, in the political and social spaces, hey sow hope together with the suffering people, forgotten by their social condition, at the same time that they strengthen the community. This is a qualitative research, in which we analyze the action of the entity in the light of the educational materials produced for training and follow-up of volunteer agents. As theoretical presuppositions, we use, among others, the studies of Gonh (2011), Pastoral da Criança (2000, 2008) and Nascimento (2006). The results show that the actions developed by Pastoral da Criança, together with the political participation of the volunteers, in the municipal health councils and in the community, contribute to the improvement of public health policies and constitute effective social practices for the construction of citizenship.  Keywords: Formation; Social Participation; health; Citizenship.   REFERÊNCIAS  BRASIL. Constituição (1988). Constituição Federal. República Federativa do Brasil. Brasília: Senado Federal, 1988.    _____. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria da Atenção à Saúde. Lei 8.080 de 19 de setembro de 1990. Dispõe sobre as condições para a promoção, proteção e recuperação da saúde, a organização e o funcionamento dos serviços correspondentes e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União.  Brasília, DF, 1990.  CONFERENCIA NACIONAL DOS BISPOS DO BRASIL. Fraternidade e Política: justiça e paz se abraçaram: Manual/CNBB. São Paulo: Salesiana Dom Bosco, 1996.   ______. Compêndio da doutrina Social da Igreja / Pontifício Conselho “justiça e paz”. 4 ed. São Paulo: Paulinas, 2008.   GOHN, Maria da Glória. Conselhos gestores e participação sociopolítica. São Paulo: Cortez, 2011.   GIL, Antonio Carlos. Métodos e técnicas da pesquisa social. 6. ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2011.  INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA. Censo demográfico 2010: população residente, resultados do universo segundo mesorregiões, microregiões, municípios, distritos, subdistritos e bairros: Rio Grande do Norte. [online]: IBGE, 2010. Disponível em: <http://www.ibge.com.br>. Acesso em: 03 jan. 2014.  ISTITUTO GOVERNAR. Revista Governar Cidades. Ano 1. n.O1, p. 8-16, fev. 2010.  NASCIMENTO, José Mateus. Um Evangelho segundo a Pastoral da Criança: por uma pedagogia de sobrevivência.  2006. 265f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, 2006. PASTORAL DA CRIANÇA. Guia do líder da Pastoral da Criança: Para países de língua portuguesa. 22. ed. Curitiba. 2000.  _____. O Articulador junto ao conselho de saúde. Curitiba: [s.n.], 2008. (Série Participação e Controle Social).  REIMBERG, Cristiane Oliveira. Dois olhares sobre a relação entre jornalismo e a Pastoral da Criança: a comunicação popular do jornal da entidade e a cobertura jornalística da Folha de S.Paulo. São Paulo. 164f. Monografia (Especialização em Jornalismo Social) - Coordenadoria Geral de Especialização, Aperfeiçoamento e Extensão. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo. São Paulo, 2006.  

Political Theology in Nineteenth-Century West Africa: Al-Ḥājj ʿUmar, the Bayān mā waqaʿa, and the Conquest of the Caliphate of Ḥamdallāhi

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Amir Syed
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Political Theology ◽  
West African ◽  
The Political ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Legal Justification ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Muslim Communities

Abstract In 1862, al-Ḥājj ʿUmar Fūtī Tall (d. 1864) conquered a prominent Muslim polity of the Middle Niger valley, the Caliphate of Ḥamdallāhi. Several months earlier, he had penned a long polemical work, Bayān mā waqaʿa, where he outlined his conflict with Ḥamdallāhi's ruler, Aḥmad III (d. 1862), and presented a legal justification for his eventual conquest. Al-Ḥājj ʿUmar was one of several West African Muslim intellectuals who articulated a new vision of power in the region. These intellectuals linked legitimate political rule with mastery over Islamic knowledge that they claimed only they had. Yet these linkages between religious authority and political power remain understudied. Al-Ḥājj ʿUmar's Bayān offers one example of political theology in nineteenth-century West Africa. In this article, I trace his arguments and explain how he constructs his authority and claims to sovereignty in this work. In the process, I conceptualize two theoretical frameworks — the ‘political geography of belief’ and the ‘political theology of knowledge’ — to demonstrate how a careful engagement with Arabic sources can help develop new approaches to the study of Muslim communities in African history and beyond.

The Political Crisis of 2020–2021 in Mali

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Vasily Filippov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Intense Competition ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Stability

The subject of consideration is the 2020 crisis in Mali. The events are viewed in the context of the geopolitical transformations taking place in West Africa. The purpose of the study is to find out the causes and consequences of military and political cataclysms that threaten the state integrity of Mali and the stability of the situation in Tropical Africa. The situation in Mali remains poorly known: it is not clear what forces will determine the vector of its political and military-strategic development. It is obvious that France is losing its influence in the region, which is largely due to the emergence of new actors in international relations here. This, in turn, allows Africans to diversify their foreign economic and political orientations. The author assumes that the named processes will provoke an intense competition for influence in the countries of Tropical Africa.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document